The role of the Mediterranean diet in reducing the risk of cognitive impairement, dementia, and Alzheimer's disease: a meta-analysis.

Age-related cognitive impairment and dementia pose a significant global health, social, and economic challenge. While Alzheimer's disease (AD) has historically been viewed as the leading cause of dementia, recent evidence reveals the considerable impact of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID), which now accounts for nearly half of all dementia cases. The Mediterranean diet-characterized by high consumption of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fish, and olive oil-has been widely recognized for its cardiovascular benefits and may also reduce the risk of cognitive decline and dementia.

Cycling Dof Factor 3 mediates light-dependent ascorbate biosynthesis by activating GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase in Rosa roxburghii fruit.

Light plays an important role in determining the L-ascorbate (AsA) pool size in plants, primarily through the transcriptional regulation of AsA metabolism-related genes. However, the specific mechanism of transcriptional induction responsible for light-dependent AsA biosynthesis remains unclear. In this study, we used a promoter sequence containing light-responsive motifs from GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase 2 (RrGGP2), a key gene involved in AsA overproduction in Rosa roxburghii fruits, to identify participating transcription factors.

The MADS-RIPENING INHIBITOR-DIVARICATA1 module regulates carotenoid biosynthesis in nonclimacteric Capsicum fruits.

Carotenoids play indispensable roles in the ripening process of fleshy fruits. Capsanthin is a widely distributed and utilized natural red carotenoid. However, the regulatory genes involved in capsanthin biosynthesis remain insufficient.

Protein phosphatase PP2C2 dephosphorylates transcription factor ZAT5 and modulates tomato fruit ripening.

Although C2H2 zinc finger transcription factors are important in plant growth, development, and stress resistance, their specific roles in fruit ripening have been less explored. Here, we demonstrate that the C2H2 zinc finger transcription factor 5 (SlZAT5) regulates fruit ripening in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.).

Effect of Cashew Nut Consumption on Biomarkers of Copper and Zinc Status in Adolescents with Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Children and adolescents with obesity have altered serum copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) levels, which are associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and health outcomes. The inclusion of cashew nuts in an adequate diet may provide health benefits and help improve the mineral status of individuals with obesity.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of cashew nut consumption on biomarkers of Cu and Zn status in adolescents with obesity.

Association of Mucin-Degrading Gut Microbiota and Dietary Patterns with Colonic Transit Time in Constipation: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: The relationship between gut microbiota composition, lifestyles, and colonic transit time (CTT) remains poorly understood. This study investigated associations among gut microbiota profiles, diet, lifestyles, and CTT in individuals with subjective constipation.

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of data from our randomized clinical trial, examining gut microbiota composition, CTT, and dietary intake in baseline and final assessments of 94 participants with subjective constipation.

The Diet Quality of Athletes as Measured by Diet Quality Indices: A Scoping Review.

Background/objectives: The goals of sports nutrition are to support athletic performance. However, the diet quality of athletes remains poorly understood. This scoping review aims to synthesise the existing body of literature, evaluating the diet quality of adult athletes.

Gut Microbiota Interacts with Dietary Habits in Screenings for Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer.

Background/objectives: Gut microbiota interacts with nutrients, which may be relevant to assigning a microbial signature to colorectal cancer (CRC). We aim to evaluate the potential of gut microbiota combined with dietary habits in the early detection of pathological findings related to CRC in the course of a screening program.

Methodology: The colonoscopy performed on 152 subjects positive for fecal occult blood test showed that 6 subjects had adenocarcinoma, 123 had polyps, and 23 subjects had no pathological findings.

The Potential Mechanism of Fructus Against Hyperuricemia: An Integration of Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, and In Vitro Experiments.

: Fructus (AOF) is a medicinal and edible resource that holds potential to ameliorate hyperuricemia (HUA), yet its mechanism of action warrants further investigation. : We performed network pharmacology, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and in vitro experiments to investigate the potential action and mechanism of AOF against HUA. : The results indicate that 48 potential anti-HUA targets for 4 components derived from AOF were excavated and predicted through public databases.

Effect of Beetroot Juice Supplementation on Aerobic Capacity in Female Athletes: A Randomized Controlled Study.

This study addresses the growing interest in nutritional supplements that improve athletic performance in endurance sports. Previous research suggests that nitrates in beetroot juice enhance blood vessel dilation and oxygen delivery to muscles. However, the effects of these nitrates on cardiopulmonary performance in female athletes remain underexplored.

The Association of Dining Companionship with Energy and Nutrient Intake Among Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Adults.

Background: Community-dwelling older adults are at risk of malnutrition due to age-related declines in energy and nutrient intake. While the positive effect of dining companions on energy and nutrient intake has been suggested, evidence remains inconclusive. This study investigated the association between the number of dining companions and energy and nutrient intake, as well as the contribution of specific food groups to higher intake in the presence of dining companions.

Effectiveness of the SYNCHRONIZE + Brief Intervention in Improving Mediterranean Diet Adherence, Nutritional Quality and Intake Pattern in Persons with Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome.

Background: Multidisciplinary lifestyle interventions are being researched to treat fibromyalgia. However, the impact of nutrition as a key treatment component is little studied. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the SYNCHRONIZE + lifestyle multidisciplinary intervention in improving adherence to the Mediterranean diet, nutrition quality and dietary intake pattern in persons with fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome.

Effects of Longer-Term Mixed Nut Consumption on Lipoprotein Particle Concentrations in Older Adults with Overweight or Obesity.

Background: Recently, we reported that longer-term mixed nut intake significantly reduced serum total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, but these markers may not fully capture lipoprotein-related cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.

Objectives: This randomized, controlled, single-blinded, crossover trial in older adults with overweight or obesity examined the effects of longer-term mixed nut consumption on lipoprotein particle size, number, and lipid distribution.

Methods: Twenty-eight participants (aged 65 ± 3 years; BMI 27.

Metabolomics Unveiled the Accumulation Characteristics of Taste Compounds During the Development and Maturation of Litchi Fruit.

Litchi is one of the ancient fruits that originated in China, renowned for its high nutrition and rich flavor, and Xianjinfeng (XJF) stands as one of the most notable varieties in terms of its flavor. Investigating the metabolic changes in taste compounds during fruit development offers deeper insights into the formation patterns of fruit quality. In this study, we conducted extensive metabonomic research on the accumulation patterns of taste compounds (carbohydrates, organic acids, and amino acids) across three developmental stages of XJF litchi.

Edible Coating Combining Liquid Smoke from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches and Turmeric Extract to Prolong the Shelf Life of Mackerel.

This research aimed to evaluate the use of edible coating from a combination of liquid smoke and turmeric extract as a preservative for mackerel at room temperature. Liquid smoke was obtained from the pyrolysis of oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) at a temperature of 380 °C and purified by distillation at 190 °C. Liquid smoke with a concentration of 3% was combined with turmeric extract at a ratio of 2, 4, 6, and 8 g/L (CLS 2:1, CLS 4:1, CLS 6:1 and CLS 8:1).

Development and Assessment of a Color-Variable Chlorine Dioxide Slow-Releasing Card for Litchi Preservation.

Chlorine dioxide (ClO) gas has attracted considerable attention due to its safety and efficiency. In this study, we successfully developed a color-variable ClO slow-releasing card for postharvest litchi. The optimal ClO slow-releasing card was prepared as follows: Card A was soaked in 2.

L. Oligo-Polysaccharides (CIO) Exerts Antianxiety and Antidepressant Effects on Mice Experiencing Behavioral Despair and Chronic Unpredicted Mild Stress.

L. oligo-polysaccharides (CIOs), obtained from L., is a mixture of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides.

Xenia Effect on Nutritional and Flavor Components of 'Jingbaili' Pear.

The 'Jingbaili' pear is a national geographical indication product of China, featuring an oblate shape and being rich in nutrients. But the quality of the 'Jingbaili' pear is unstable. Xenia can cause changes in the quality of pears, but the effect of xenia on the 'Jingbaili' pear is unknown, and its mechanism is still unclear.

Effects of Luteolin Treatment on Postharvest Quality and Antioxidant Capacity of Nanfeng Tangerines.

Postharvest quality deterioration is a major factor affecting the economic value and marketing of Nanfeng tangerines. The objective of this study was to explore the effects of luteolin treatment on the postharvest quality and antioxidant capacity of Nanfeng tangerines. We applied 1 g/L and 3 g/L luteolin to fruit after harvest and evaluated the decay rate, postharvest quality, and antioxidant capacity during a 60-day storage period at room temperature.

Preharvest Treatment with Melatonin Improves Antioxidant and Phenylpropanoid Pathways During Postharvest Storage.

is known for its popularity and robust nutritional value. While fresh fruit is a perishable commodity, it has a short post-harvest life and is susceptible to fungal decay after harvest. Melatonin has been reported to delay the aging and quality decline of various fruits and vegetables after harvest.

Goat's Milk Powder Enriched with Red ( L.) and Black ( Murray) Goji Berry Extracts: Chemical Characterization, Antioxidant Properties, and Prebiotic Activity.

The current trend in food innovations includes developing products containing plant ingredients or extracts rich in bioactive compounds. This study aimed to prepare and characterize skimmed thermally treated goat's milk powders enriched with lyophilized fruit extracts of Murray (GMLR) and L. (GMLB).

Impact of Long-Term Cold Storage on the Physicochemical Properties, Volatile Composition, and Sensory Attributes of Dried Jujube ( Mill.).

Grey jujube ( Mill. cv. Huizao), a prominent cultivar from Xinjiang, China, is well known for its high nutritional value and medicinal benefits.

Exploring the Functional Features of Melon Peel Flour for Healthier Bakery Products.

The use of fruit by-products to develop new food products could be an advantageous approach to meet the demand for healthy foods and reduce food waste. In this study, the amino acid and mineral profiles of melon peel flour were evaluated. Non-essential/toxic elements were also determined.

L-Cysteine Treatment Delays Leaf Senescence in Chinese Flowering Cabbage by Regulating ROS Metabolism and Stimulating Endogenous HS Production.

Leaf senescence is a major concern for postharvest leafy vegetables, as leaves are highly prone to yellowing and nutrient loss, resulting in reduced commercial value and limited shelf-life. This study aimed to investigate the effect of L-cysteine (L-cys) on postharvest Chinese flowering cabbage stored at 20 °C. The results showed that 0.

Highly Sensitive Lateral Flow Immunodetection of the Insecticide Imidacloprid in Fruits and Berries Reached by Indirect Antibody-Label Coupling.

A highly sensitive lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) for imidacloprid, a widely used neonicotinoid insecticide, has been developed. The LFIA realizes the indirect coupling of anti-imidacloprid antibodies and gold nanoparticle (GNP) labels directly in the course of the assay. For this purpose, the common GNPs conjugate with anti-imidacloprid antibodies and are changed into a combination of non-modified, anti-imidacloprid antibodies, and the GNPs conjugate with anti-species antibodies.