Translation, cultural adaptation, and validation of the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 in Kinyarwanda for primary care in the United States.

Background: Depression and anxiety are significant health burdens that greatly impact the quality of life of refugees and migrants. In this study, we have translated and culturally adapted the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Screener (GAD-7) into Kinyarwanda and performed a validation study in a United States (US) primary care setting.

Methods: A committee of seven experts including psychiatric and family medicine providers, health researchers, and trained medical interpreters translated and culturally adapted the PHQ-9 and GAD-7, and incorporated feedback from cognitive interviews with bilingual participants.

The genetics of severe depression.

Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of major depressive disorder (MDD) have recently achieved extremely large sample sizes and yielded substantial numbers of genome-wide significant loci. Because of the approach to ascertainment and assessment in many of these studies, some of these loci appear to be associated with dysphoria rather than with MDD, potentially decreasing the clinical relevance of the findings. An alternative approach to MDD GWAS is to focus on the most severe forms of MDD, with the hope that this will enrich for loci of larger effect, rendering their identification plausible, and providing potentially more clinically actionable findings.

Blood Clots Used as Natural Biomaterials for Antibiotic Delivery in Vitro.

Introduction: The search for an optimal drug delivery system capable of addressing a wide range of wounds and defects in regenerative medicine remains a challenge. Blood clots (BCs) have been implicated as a promising candidate due to their natural occurrence, autologous nature, and potential for tissue repair. The aim of this study is to investigate BC as a vehicle for antibiotic delivery and its effectiveness in infection control.

The Necessary Rapprochement of Negative Affectivity, Personality Disorder, and Depression.

Purpose Of Review: The relationship between depression and personality has long been a topic of interest in the fields of psychiatry and psychology, but consensus remains elusive. This lack of consensus poses a significant challenge in both diagnosis and treatment, especially in situations when otherwise effective therapies for depression fail. Our article aims to address this issue by reviewing the historical and recent conceptualizations of the relationship between depression and personality pathology.

Association between statin use and dry eye disease in patients with hyperlipidemia: A population-based retrospective cohort study.

Higher serum cholesterol levels have been associated with an increased risk of dry eye disease (DED). The relationship between statin (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor) use and DED in patients with hyperlipidemia remains unclear. To investigate the association between statin use and the risk of DED in patients with hyperlipidemia, we conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study utilizing data from Taiwan's Longitudinal Generation Tracking Database.

A Novel Surgical Approach to Synovial Sarcoma of the Esophagus: New Possibilities for the Management of a Rare Tumor.

Synovial sarcoma (SS) is an uncommon soft tissue malignancy that typically occurs in surrounding joints. Rarely, this malignancy may occur in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, including the esophagus. Given the rarity of this malignancy, treatment recommendations are limited.

Artificial intelligence and cybercrime: implications for individuals and the healthcare sector.

The malicious use of artificial intelligence is growing rapidly, creating major security threats for individuals and the healthcare sector. Individuals with mental illness may be especially vulnerable. Healthcare provider data are a prime target for cybercriminals.

From Fear to Resilience: A Scoping Review of Psychological Components in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Rehabilitation.

Context: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, prevalent in athletic contexts have profound physical and psychological impacts. Despite extensive research on the physiological aspects of ACL recovery, the psychological dimensions of this process have gained increased attention. This scoping review delves into the intricate landscape of psychological factors influencing ACL rehabilitation.

Bloody Stools in the Emergency Room: Cefdinir-Induced Red Stools in a 7-Month-Old Male.

This case report presents a 7-month-old male who was admitted to the emergency room with red-colored stools, initially raising concerns for serious gastrointestinal issues. The child, who had a history of milk protein allergy and eczema, had recently been prescribed cefdinir for an ear infection and was also consuming a hydrolyzed formula containing iron. Despite initial findings of elevated white blood cell count, mild anemia, and hyperkalemia, a stool heme-occult test was negative.

Biological Insights from Schizophrenia-associated Loci in Ancestral Populations.

Large-scale genome-wide association studies of schizophrenia have uncovered hundreds of associated loci but with extremely limited representation of African diaspora populations. We surveyed electronic health records of 200,000 individuals of African ancestry in the Million Veteran and All of Us Research Programs, and, coupled with genotype-level data from four case-control studies, realized a combined sample size of 13,012 affected and 54,266 unaffected persons. Three genome-wide significant signals - near , , and - are the first to be independently identified in populations of predominantly African ancestry.

The SOD1 Inhibitor, LCS-1, Oxidizes H2S to Reactive Sulfur Species, Directly and Indirectly, through Conversion of SOD1 to an Oxidase.

LCS-1, a putative selective inhibitor of SOD1, is a substituted pyridazinone with rudimentary similarity to quinones and naphthoquinones. As quinones catalytically oxidize HS to biologically active reactive sulfur species (RSS), we hypothesized LCS-1 might have similar attributes. Here, we examine LCS-1 reactions with HS and SOD1 using thiol-specific fluorophores, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), UV-vis spectrometry, and oxygen consumption.

Empowering the future: improving community wellbeing and health literacy through outreach and service-learning.

Institutions training future healthcare professionals in healthcare and community engagement play a crucial role beyond traditional classroom settings. Recognizing their potential to support under-represented groups and minorities, institutions increasingly encourage engagement with schools and community organizations. However, work remains to advance meaningful and impactful educational outreach and service-learning programs.

Impact of Hypoglycemia on Hospitalized Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Aims Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the common liver malignancies that presents a challenge to global healthcare. The impact and outcomes of hypoglycemia in HCC have not been studied in detail before. This study aimed to investigate the outcomes and prognosis associated with hypoglycemia in patients diagnosed with HCC, utilizing a large-scale database approach.

A Recurrent Schwannoma in the Left Distal Ulnar Nerve.

While peripheral nerve schwannomas have a relatively low incidence, schwannomatosis, the condition in which one forms multiple recurring schwannomas, is an even rarer phenomenon and can be hard to detect given its ability to mimic other conditions. We report a case of a 35-year-old male who presented with a mass in his left wrist and forearm, volar pain in his forearm, and numbness in his fingers. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a bilobed heterogeneous neural sheath tumor in the distal left ulnar nerve.

Cardioversion-Induced Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy.

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, also known as stress-induced cardiomyopathy or "broken heart syndrome," is a rare and reversible condition characterized by transient left ventricular dysfunction. It is typically triggered by acute emotional or physical stressors. Here, we present a unique case of TCM occurring in a 77-year-old woman following cardioversion for persistent and symptomatic atrial fibrillation.

An optimized filter trap assay for detecting recombinant authentic tau fibrils.

The development and optimization of the Filter Trap Assay (FTA) for the detection of authentic tau fibrils mark a pivotal advancement in the realm of tauopathy research, particularly by addressing the limitations of using polyanion-induced tau fibrils, which structurally differ from those isolated from tauopathy patients. Recently it has been shown that truncated tau fragment (297-391), also termed dGAE, can form authentic tau fibrils in the absence of polyanions. This study introduces a refined protocol that reliably detects authentic tau fibrils in a physiologically relevant framework, utilizing nitrocellulose membranes to achieve heightened sensitivity.