Phase 3 Trial of Crinecerfont in Pediatric Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.

Background: Children with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency require treatment with glucocorticoids, usually at supraphysiologic doses, to address cortisol insufficiency and reduce excess adrenal androgens. However, such treatment confers a predisposition to glucocorticoid-related complications. In 2-week phase 2 trials, patients with CAH who received crinecerfont, a new oral corticotropin-releasing factor type 1 receptor antagonist, had decreases in androstenedione levels.

Postoperative Neurologic Outcome in Patients Undergoing Resective Surgery for Parietal Lobe Epilepsy: A Systematic Review.

Background And Objectives: Parietal lobe epilepsy (PLE) surgery can be an effective treatment for selected patients with intractable epilepsy but can be associated with the risk of serious neurologic deficits. We performed a systematic review of the literature to obtain a comprehensive summary of the frequency and types of new postoperative neurologic deficits in patients undergoing PLE resective surgery.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for articles published between January 1, 1990, and April 28, 2022.

Outcomes of Interfacility VV-Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Transfers: A Multicenter Study.

As the availability of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) expands, so has the need for interfacility transfer to ECMO centers. However, the impact of these transfers is unknown. We hypothesized that interfacility transfers would be associated with increased complications and mortality.

Lanolin: The 2023 American Contact Dermatitis Society Allergen of the Year.

In 2023, lanolin was named the American Contact Dermatitis Society Allergen of the Year. Despite its widespread use in personal care products and industrial goods, lanolin is thought to be a rare sensitizer in patients with healthy skin; however, those with chronic inflammatory skin conditions are at a higher risk for allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) to lanolin. The proper patch test formulation for lanolin is a source of contention.

Is Laundry Detergent a Common Cause of Allergic Contact Dermatitis?

Both patients and health care providers commonly suspect laundry detergent as the cause of skin problems; however, research suggests that the prevalence of laundry detergent-associated allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) may be quite low. Herein, we provide a summary of the evidence for the potential allergenicity of laundry detergent, including common allergens present in laundry detergent, the role of machine washing, and the differential diagnosis for laundry detergent-associated ACD.

Patch Testing Results From the Massachusetts General Hospital Occupational and Contact Dermatitis Clinic, 2017-2022.

Patch testing is gold standard for identifying the source of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). To report patch testing results from the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Occupational and Contact Dermatitis Clinic from 2017 to 2022. Retrospective analysis of patients referred to MGH for patch testing, 2017-2022.

Janus Kinase Inhibitors: A Promising Therapeutic Option for Allergic Contact Dermatitis.

Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors represent a promising class of small molecule inhibitors that treat a range of inflammatory skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis (AD), psoriasis, and alopecia areata. Although the evidence for their use in allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) remains limited, early results from animal studies and case reports are promising. Herein, we provide an overview of JAK inhibitors and the evidence for their use in ACD.

Photoallergic Contact Dermatitis: No Fun in the Sun.

Photoallergic contact dermatitis (PACD) is a form of allergic contact dermatitis that occurs due to the interaction between a topically applied chemical and exposure to UV radiation. It can be difficult to identify and requires photopatch testing (PPT) for definitive diagnosis. In this article, we provide an overview of PACD, including clinical features, the most common photoallergens, and why cases may go undiagnosed.

Can Atopic Dermatitis and Allergic Contact Dermatitis Coexist?

Due to their seemingly divergent immune pathways, it previously was thought that atopic dermatitis (AD) and allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) could not occur together. However, novel research suggests that the 2 conditions may be more closely related than previously understood. Herein, we discuss the overlapping relationship between AD and ACD and review the evidence for their coexistence.

Dupilumab for Allergic Contact Dermatitis: An Overview of Its Use and Impact on Patch Testing.

Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) has been estimated to affect up to 20% of the general population. Patch testing is the gold standard for identification of causative allergens. When allergen avoidance fails, current treatment options include topical and oral corticosteroids, systemic immunosuppressants, and phototherapy.

Diagnosis and Management of Plantar Dermatoses.

Plantar dermatoses (PD) are common, occurring either spontaneously on healthy skin or developing secondarily from previously established foot disease. PD share similar symptoms and morphology, making them challenging to differentiate. A few of the most frequently encountered PD include tinea pedis, psoriasis, contact dermatitis, dyshidrotic dermatitis (or recurrent vesicular palmoplantar dermatitis), and juvenile plantar dermatosis.

What You Need to Know About Hand Hygiene and Dermatitis During the Coronavirus Pandemic.

Increased attention towards infection control measures during the COVID-19 pandemic have brought to light the dermatological consequences of intensified hand hygiene measures. Healthcare workers are inherently at an increased risk of developing both allergic and irritant contact dermatitis. Individuals with a history of atopy are especially vulnerable given their impaired native skin barriers and increased sensitivities at baseline.

Choosing Surgery.

This perspective piece describes changes in medical education and challenges in specialty discernment faced by medical students as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, this narrative explains ways a father-daughter relationship before as well as during the global pandemic influenced a medical student's decision to pursue a career in general surgery.

Trends in Patch Testing in the Medicare Part B Fee-for-Service Population.

Background: Patch testing is a vital component of the workup for allergic contact dermatitis. There are limited data on changes of patch testing use among Medicare providers, as well as patch testing reimbursement rates.

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate trends in the use of patch testing among various Medicare providers and Medicare patch testing reimbursement.

How to One Up a Pandemic: University of Minnesota's Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Virtual Clerkship-A Model for Alternative Clinical Training and Preliminary Validation Study.

Drastic and rapid changes to medical education are uncommon because of regulations and restrictions designed to ensure consistency among medical school curriculums and to safeguard student well-being. As a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic, medical education had to break away from its conventions and transition from time-honored teaching methods to innovative solutions. This article explores the anticipated and actual efficacy of the swift conversion of a specialty elective from a traditional in-person format to a fully virtual clerkship.

Prevalence, Clinical Factors, and Outcomes Associated With Myocardial Infarction With Nonobstructive Coronary Artery.

Background: Myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) is an underrecognized clinical problem in patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome. Various clinical disorders lead to MINOCA thus making treatment and diagnosis a challenge. We aimed to compare the clinical factors and outcomes of patients with MINOCA versus obstructive disease [myocardial infarction due to coronary artery disease (MI-CAD)] in a largely rural health system.

Nerve Blocks for Postoperative Pain Management in Children Receiving a Subcutaneous Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: A Case Series.

Subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (S-ICD) placement causes significant postoperative pain. Limited research exists on nerve blocks for treating pediatric S-ICD pain. This case series presents pain outcomes in 10 children receiving nerve blocks for S-ICD placement.