Reverse Fragility Index in Plastic Surgery Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: The reverse fragility index (RFI) is a measure used to evaluate the neutrality of statistically nonsignificant findings in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The RFI represents the minimum number of events needed to reverse a statistically nonsignificant result into a significant one. This study applied the RFI to examine the robustness of statistically nonsignificant RCTs in plastic surgery.

Urogynecologic Care for Women Who Are Incarcerated.

In the United States, approximately 180,700 women are incarcerated across jails and prisons, comprising a demographic with an aging population and a higher growth rate compared to men. Despite this demographic trend, research into urogynecologic care for women who are incarcerated is notably lacking, with few studies addressing pelvic floor disorders such as incontinence, and even fewer focusing on access to treatment options like vaginal pessaries or surgical interventions. Women who are incarcerated may face unique challenges in obtaining urogynecologic care, including limited access to medical evaluations, invasive search procedures affecting intravaginal device use, and inadequate hygiene resources, all of which hinder effective management strategies.

Five-Year Fracture Rate for Transgender and Gender Diverse Patients on Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy.

Introduction: Gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) is a cornerstone of gender-affirming care for transgender and gender diverse (TGD) patients, with a direct biological role on bone metabolism. However, a paucity of data describes how GAHT influences fracture rate over time. The study's primary objective was to describe the 5-year all-cause fracture incidence rate (IR) among TGD patients initiating estrogen-based GAHT (E-GAHT) or testosterone-based GAHT (T-GAHT), compared with TGD patients not using GAHT (non-GAHT).

Postoperative Opioid Consumption After Discharge: An Update From the Michigan Surgical Quality Collaborative Registry.

Objective: To evaluate opioid consumption for 21 procedures over 4 years from the Michigan Surgical Quality Collaborative (MSQC) registry and update post-discharge prescribing guidelines.

Background: Opioids remain a common treatment for postoperative pain of moderate-to-severe intensity not adequately addressed by nonopioid analgesics, but excessive prescribing correlates with increased usage. This analysis provides updates and compares patient-reported consumption in response to new guidelines.

Association of Contrast Sensitivity With Eye Disease and Vision-Related Quality of Life.

Purpose: To investigate contrast sensitivity (CS) as a screening tool to detect eye disease and assess its association with both eye disease and vision-related quality of life.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: Setting and population: Adults receiving care from a free clinic and a Federally Qualified Health Center in Michigan.

Incidental Uptake in a Subacute Stroke on 18 F-Piflufolastat PSMA PET/CT.

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT has proven to be effective in the evaluation of prostate cancer and has become increasingly used clinically as multiple radiopharmaceuticals have become commercially available. With increasing use, incidental uptake from a variety of nononcologic processes will be encountered and considered interpretive pitfalls. We outline a case of a 71-year-old man who underwent imaging with PSMA PET/CT, which demonstrated uptake in the left parietal-temporal junction that was shown to be a subacute stroke.

Unmasked Neuropathic Pain After Neurectomy: A Case Series and Review of the Literature.

Localization of neuropathic pain to a specific peripheral nerve origin relies on patient history, physical examination, and nerve blocks. Neurectomy of the involved nerve(s) can successfully alleviate patients' pain. However, a subset of patients postoperatively describe persistent pain, but say that the pain "moved" to a new location (eg, from the dorsum of the foot to the lateral foot).

Increased Variation in Esophageal Cancer Treatment and Geographic Healthcare Disparity in Michigan.

Background: Regional variation in complex healthcare is shown to negatively impact health outcomes. We sought to characterize geographic variance in esophageal cancer operation in Michigan.

Study Design: Data for patients with locoregional esophageal cancer from the Michigan Cancer Surveillance Program from 2000 to 2013 was analyzed.

The Impact of Reference Standard on Diagnostic Testing Characteristics for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Systematic Review.

Unlabelled: Lack of a reliable reference standard for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) diagnosis could impact the diagnostic test characteristics. This systematic review sought to evaluate differences in the accuracy of CTS diagnostic modalities based on the reference standard used.

Methods: A systematic review was performed following PRISMA guidelines to investigate diagnostic modalities used in CTS.

Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome Requiring Bilateral Fasciotomy: An Atypical Complication of Familial Stiff Skin Syndrome in a Father and Son.

Stiff skin syndrome (SSS) is a rare cutaneous disorder characterized by cutaneous fibrosis resulting in the early onset of thickened and indurated skin, joint mobility restrictions, and contractures. We describe a father and son with familial SSS who presented with bilateral exertional pain and a confirmed diagnosis of chronic exertional compartment syndrome on 4-compartment pressure testing. Patients experienced restored functionality with bilateral 4-compartment fasciotomy.

Association of Obesity With Cognitive Decline in Black and White Americans.

Background And Objectives: There are disparities in the prevalence of obesity by race, and the relationship between obesity and cognitive decline is unclear. The objective of this study was to determine whether obesity is independently associated with cognitive decline and whether the association between obesity and cognitive decline differs in Black and White adults. We hypothesized that obesity is associated with greater cognitive decline compared with normal weight and that the effect of obesity on cognitive decline is more pronounced in Black adults compared with their White counterparts.

Longitudinal Associations Between Vision Impairment and the Incidence of Neuropsychiatric, Musculoskeletal, and Cardiometabolic Chronic Diseases.

Purpose: To compare the incidence and hazard of neuropsychiatric, musculoskeletal, and cardiometabolic conditions among adults with and without vision impairment (VI).

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Methods: The sample comprised enrollees in a large private health insurance provider in the United States, including 24 657 adults aged ≥18 years with VI and age- and sex-matched controls.