Improving Time to Completion of Medical Student Clerkship Evaluations.

Background And Objectives: Medical student clinical clerkship evaluations provide feedback for growth and contribute to the clerkship grade and the student's residency application. Their importance is expected to increase even more with the recent change of the US Medical Licensing Examination Step 1 to a pass/fail designation. Timely completion of medical student clerkship evaluations is a problem.

The Ubiquity of Cognitive Impairment in Human Illness: a Systematic Review of Meta-Analyses.

Objective: Cognitive dysfunction occurs in many neurological, psychiatric, and other health conditions. This review aimed to characterize the breadth and degree of cognitive morbidity associated with varied health conditions.

Method: We systematically reviewed Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases for meta-analyses of cognitive dysfunction associated with any health condition.

Therapeutic Clinical Trial Eligibility and Enrollment among Women with Breast Cancer: Implications for Understanding Trial Disparities.

Introduction: Therapeutic clinical trials frequently lack diverse representation, hindering generalizability and exacerbating preexisting disparities in clinical outcomes. This study explored associations between breast cancer patient demographics, clinical trial eligibility, and enrollment in a National Cancer Institute (NCI)-designated cancer center.

Patients And Methods: This prospective cohort study included patients with breast cancer screened for therapeutic clinical trials from July 2020 to January 2024.

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Macular Neovascularization Secondary to Focal Choroidal Excavation.

To highlight the use of multimodal imaging for detecting and monitoring macular neovascularization (MNV) in the presence of focal choroidal excavation. A case and its findings were analyzed. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) were performed in a 30-year-old Asian woman with metamorphopsia in the left eye.

Effect of erector spinae plane block and thoracic epidural anesthesia on hospital length of stay and postoperative opioid use after mastectomy.

Background: Adequate postoperative pain control is essential after mastectomy. This study compares the influence of 2 regional analgesia techniques on length of stay and opioid use to systemic analgesia alone.

Methods: Patients treated with mastectomy from 2014 to 2020 were stratified according to perioperative analgesic modality (systemic analgesia versus thoracic epidural anesthesia or erector spinae plane block).

Airway Mucus Plugs on Chest Computed Tomography Are Associated with Exacerbations in COPD.

Unlabelled: Rationale/Objective: Acute exacerbations (AEs) of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Whether mucus plugs are associated with prospective exacerbations has not been examined extensively.

Methods: Mucus plugs were visually-identified on baseline chest computed tomography (CT) scans from smokers with Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) grades 2-4 COPD enrolled in two multicenter cohort studies: Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate Endpoints (ECLIPSE) and COPDGene.

CT Radiomics Features Predict Change in Lung Density and Rate of Emphysema Progression.

Rationale Emphysema progression is heterogeneous. Predicting temporal changes in lung density and detecting rapid progressors may facilitate selection of individuals for targeted therapies. Objective To test whether computed tomography (CT) radiomics can be used to predict changes in lung density and detect rapid progressors.

Ivacaftor for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease - Results from a Phase 2, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Rationale: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exhibit acquired cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) dysfunction. CFTR modulators may improve outcomes in patients with COPD, although recent data regarding magnitude of benefit have been inconclusive and effects on mucociliary clearance are unknown. We conducted a phase 2, randomized, double blind placebo control trial to determine safety and tolerability, and explore the potential mechanism of ivacaftor for the treatment of COPD.

Lumen-apposing metal stents provide early and late clinical benefits for the management of benign gastrointestinal strictures: Is there a role for definitive therapy?

Objectives: This study aimed to characterize the clinical outcomes, safety, and efficacy of lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS) in treating benign gastrointestinal strictures.

Methods: A single-center retrospective review of all patients who underwent LAMS placement for benign strictures from June 2017 to July 2023. Primary outcomes were technical success, early clinical success, late clinical success (LCS), and sustained post-LAMS clinical success (SPLCS).

Comprehensive assessment of vaginal infections using a single swab.

Background: The decision to use a particular test to diagnose patients presenting with symptoms of vaginitis and/or STI is based primarily on the prevailing standards of care in the clinic at which the patient evaluation takes place. As a result, laboratory testing of vaginal samples for these patients often involves either an STI or a vaginitis test, but rarely both options simultaneously, which complicates the diagnosis and management of concurrent infections.

Methods: Using de-identified remnant vaginal specimens from symptomatic patients previously tested for STI ( (CT), (GC) and (TV)) with the Becton Dickinson (BD) CTGCTV2 assay for BD MAX System, positivity for bacterial vaginosis (BV) and spp (associated with vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC)) were evaluated using the molecular-based BD MAX Vaginal Panel.

Epigenetic regulation of noncanonical menin targets modulates menin inhibitor response in acute myeloid leukemia.

Menin inhibitors that disrupt the menin-MLL interaction hold promise for treating specific acute myeloid leukemia (AML) subtypes, including those with KMT2A rearrangements (KMT2A-r), yet resistance remains a challenge. Here, through systematic chromatin-focused CRISPR screens, along with genetic, epigenetic, and pharmacologic studies in a variety of human and mouse KMT2A-r AML models, we uncovered a potential resistance mechanism independent of canonical menin-MLL targets. We show that a group of noncanonical menin targets, which are bivalently cooccupied by active menin and repressive H2AK119ub marks, are typically downregulated after menin inhibition.

Cognitive Dysfunction in Non-CNS Metastatic Cancer: Comparing Brain Metastasis, Non-CNS Metastasis, and Healthy Controls.

Limited research has compared cognition of people with non-central nervous system metastatic cancer (NCM) metastatic brain cancer (BM). This prospective cross-sectional study was comprised 37 healthy controls (HC), 40 NCM, and 61 BM completing 10 neuropsychological tests. The NCM performed below HCs on processing speed and executive functioning tasks, while the BM group demonstrated lower performance across tests.