"Weight loss is my goal and being healthy is my goal… I can get over the hot flashes": a qualitative exploration of menopausal transition experiences and preferences for weight management among White women.

Objectives: A qualitative research study design was used to (1) describe experiences of White women during the menopausal transition, and (2) identify barriers and facilitators for participating in a lifestyle program targeting weight management.

Methods: Perimenopausal and postmenopausal White women who self-reported a desire to lose or maintain weight participated in focus groups. Women were queried about their past diet, exercise, and weight management practices; menopausal transition; and specific components and considerations for developing a lifestyle program for weight management.

Weight Loss in Underserved Patients - A Cluster-Randomized Trial.

Background: Evidence of the effectiveness of treatment for obesity delivered in primary care settings in underserved populations is lacking.

Methods: We conducted a cluster-randomized trial to test the effectiveness of a high-intensity, lifestyle-based program for obesity treatment delivered in primary care clinics in which a high percentage of the patients were from low-income populations. We randomly assigned 18 clinics to provide patients with either an intensive lifestyle intervention, which focused on reduced caloric intake and increased physical activity, or usual care.

Inverse Association Between HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) Cholesterol and Stroke Risk Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Background and Purpose- Few studies have assessed the association of HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol with stroke risk among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We aimed to investigate the association of HDL cholesterol with total and type-specific stroke risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods- We performed a retrospective cohort study of 27 113 blacks and 40 431 whites with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Siah2 Protein Mediates Early Events in Commitment to an Adipogenic Pathway.

Adipose tissue expansion occurs by increasing the size of existing adipocytes or by increasing the number of adipocytes via adipogenesis. Adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity is associated with adipocyte hypertrophy and impaired adipogenesis. We recently demonstrated that deletion of the ubiquitin ligase Siah2 is associated with enlarged adipocytes in lean or obese mice.

Effect of protein overfeeding on energy expenditure measured in a metabolic chamber.

Background: Energy expenditure (EE) increases with overfeeding, but it is unclear how rapidly this is related to changes in body composition, increased body weight, or diet.

Objective: The objective was to quantify the effects of excess energy from fat or protein on energy expenditure of men and women living in a metabolic chamber.

Design: We conducted a randomized controlled trial in 25 participants who ate ∼40% excess energy for 56 d from 5%, 15%, or 25% protein diets.

Body mass index and heart failure among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Epidemiological data on the association between body mass index (BMI) and heart failure (HF) risk among diabetic patients are rare.

Methods And Results: We performed a prospective cohort study of risk for HF among 31 155 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (11 468 men and 19 687 women). Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the association of different levels of BMI with HF risk.

Body mass index and stroke risk among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background And Purpose: Previous studies have evaluated the association of body mass index (BMI) with the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality among diabetic patients, and results were controversial. No studies have focused on the association between BMI and stroke risk among diabetic patients. We aimed to examine the association of BMI with stroke risk among diabetic patients.

Scaling of adult body weight to height across sex and race/ethnic groups: relevance to BMI.

Background: Body mass index (BMI) is formulated on the assumption that body weight (BW) scales to height with a power of 2 (BW∝height(2)), independent of sex and race-ethnicity. Powers differing from 2 are observed in studies of selected samples, thus raising the question if BMI is a generalizable metric that makes BW independent of height across populations.

Objectives: The objectives were to test the hypothesis that adult BW scales to height with a power of 2 independent of sex and race-ethnicity and to advance an understanding of BMI as a measure of shape by extending allometric analyses to waist circumference (WC).

Body mass index and the risk of all-cause mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Several prospective studies have evaluated the association between body mass index (BMI) and death risk among patients with diabetes mellitus; however, the results have been inconsistent.

Methods And Results: We performed a prospective cohort study of 19 478 black and 15 354 white patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the association of different levels of BMI stratification with all-cause mortality.

An objective estimate of energy intake during weight gain using the intake-balance method.

Background: Estimates of energy intake (EI) in humans have limited validity.

Objective: The objective was to test the accuracy and precision of the intake-balance method to estimate EI during weight gain induced by overfeeding.

Design: In 2 studies of controlled overfeeding (1 inpatient study and 1 outpatient study), baseline energy requirements were determined by a doubly labeled water study and caloric titration to weight maintenance.

Inactivation of C/ebp homologous protein-driven immune-metabolic interactions exacerbate obesity and adipose tissue leukocytosis.

Successful adaptation to periods of chronic caloric excess is a highly coordinated event that is critical to the survival and propagation of species. Transcription factor C/ebp homologous protein (Chop) is thought to be an important molecular mediator that integrates nutrient signals to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and innate immune activation. Given that aberrant ER stress response is implicated in inducing metabolic inflammation and insulin resistance, we hypothesized that ER stress target gene Chop integrates immune and metabolic systems to adapt to chronic positive energy balance.