The Immunohistochemical Profile of Mammary Tissue in Women With Macromastia and Its Potential Clinical Implications.

Macromastia is an excessive, rapid, or slow growth of breast tissue in 1 or both breasts. While macromastia represents a benign lesion, it may cause breast, shoulder, back, and neck pain, poor posture, infections, and loss of nipple sensation. The pathogenesis of macromastia or hypertrophy of mammary tissue remains poorly understood.

Breast Tumor Resembling Tall Cell Variant of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Solid Papillary Neoplasm With Characteristic Immunohistochemical Profile and Few Recurrent Mutations.

Objectives: Breast tumor resembling tall cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (BTRPTC) is a rare breast lesion that is unrelated to thyroid carcinoma. Morphologically, it shows a solid papillary lesion with bland cytology, eosinophilic/amphophilic secretions, nuclear grooves, reversal of nuclear polarity (recently described), and nuclear inclusions. Clinical course is often uneventful with few exceptions reported in the literature.

Male Breast Cancer.

Objectives: A clinicopathologic study with an emphasis on tumor immunohistochemical profile is presented.

Methods: Sixty-one cases of male invasive breast cancers were studied. Median age of the cohort was 65 years.

Dual HER2 gene protein assay: focused study of breast cancers with 2+ immunohistochemical expression.

Objectives: The combined gene protein assay (GPA) can simultaneously assess HER2 gene copy number and protein on a single slide using bright-field microscopy.

Methods: GPA was compared with a fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay on 50 invasive breast carcinomas with a 2+ score on immunohistochemistry (IHC).

Results: The cases were categorized into positive, equivocal, or negative for HER2 gene amplification using the 2013 American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists criteria.

Labor induction process improvement: a patient quality-of-care initiative.

Objective: To examine the effects that medical staff education and a new process for scheduling inductions had on decreasing inappropriate inductions.

Methods: At our institution in 2004, guidelines were developed and shared with the medical staff and reinforced in 2005. The guidelines for elective induction required patients to have completed 39 weeks of gestation and to have a Bishop score of at least 8 for nulliparas and 6 for multiparas.