Demographic Disparity in Use of Telemedicine for Ambulatory General Surgical Consultation During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Analysis of the Initial Public Health Emergency and Second Phase Periods.

Background: Surgical patients with limited digital literacy may experience reduced telemedicine access. We investigated racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in telemedicine compared with in-person surgical consultation during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Study Design: Retrospective analysis of new visits within the Division of General & Gastrointestinal Surgery at an academic medical center occurring between March 24 through June 23, 2020 (Phase I, Massachusetts Public Health Emergency) and June 24 through December 31, 2020 (Phase II, relaxation of restrictions on healthcare operations) was performed.

Assessing Public Interest in Elective Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Google Trends Analysis.

Objective: To determine trends in internet search volume for elective surgery terms during the first peak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic using Google Trends data.

Background: Postponement of much-needed elective and urgent oncologic surgeries takes a toll on patients and the health care system. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a decline in elective surgery volume, partially due to the cancellation of elective surgeries at the start of the pandemic.

Migraine, Stroke, and Cervical Arterial Dissection: Shared Genetics for a Triad of Brain Disorders With Vascular Involvement.

Background And Objectives: Migraine, stroke, and cervical artery dissection (CeAD) represent a triad of cerebrovascular disorders with pairwise comorbid relationships and vascular involvement. Larger samples and recent advances in methodology invite systematic exploration of their shared genetics.

Methods: Genetic analyses leveraged summary statistics from genome-wide association studies of the largest available samples of each disorder, including subtypes of stroke (ischemic stroke, large artery stroke, small vessel stroke, and cardioembolic stroke) and migraine (with aura and without aura).

The Fragility of Statistical Findings in Achilles Tendon Injury Research: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Probability analysis with the reporting of P values is often used to determine the statistical significance of study findings in the Achilles literature. The purpose of this study was to determine the utility of applying a fragility analysis to comparative trials evaluating Achilles tendon injuries.

Methods: We identified all dichotomous outcome data for comparative studies of Achilles tendon injuries published in 11 orthopaedic journals from 2000 to 2020.

Identifying Characteristics Predictive of Lost-to-Follow-Up Status in Amblyopia.

Purpose: To identify demographic and disease-related characteristics predictive of Lost-to-Follow-Up (LTFU) status in amblyopia treatment and create a risk model for predicting LTFU status.

Design: Retrospective cohort study METHODS: Setting: Single-center, ophthalmology department at Boston Children's Hospital (BCH).

Patients: 2037 patients treated for amblyopia at BCH between 2010 and 2014.

Development of Patient Education Materials for Total Joint Replacement During an International Surgical Brigade.

Background: Temporary brigade trips to deliver international surgical care are increasingly common. For the purposes of this work, we use the term brigade to describe self-contained short-term medical or surgical mission trips where healthcare professionals are brought in from foreign regions to provide care to an underserved population. Many brigade programs have begun to collect and publish data on outcomes and complications, but few have examined their own patient education practices.

Development of an Automated Technology Platform for Preoperative Triage and Patient Preparation.

A proof of concept study was conducted to implement an automated preoperative triage and preparation service with 2 components: (1) triage between preoperative visits and phone screens, and (2) delivery of preoperative instructions to patients. The study enrolled 2604 patients, of whom 75.7% completed the preoperative triage questionnaire and 47.

Cross-Cultural Comparison of Nonopioid and Multimodal Analgesic Prescribing in Orthopaedic Trauma.

Background: After musculoskeletal injury, US providers prescribe opioids more frequently and at higher dosages than prescribers in the Netherlands and Haiti; however, the extent of variation in nonopioid analgesic prescribing is unknown. The aim of our study was to evaluate how nonopioid prescribing by orthopaedic residents varies by geographic context.

Methods: Orthopaedic residents in three countries in which residents are the primary prescribers of postoperative analgesia in academic medical centers (Haiti, the Netherlands, and the United States) responded to surveys using vignette-based musculoskeletal trauma case scenarios.

Telehealth Utilization in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery.

Introduction: The purpose of this investigation was to assess the utilization of telehealth capabilities by pediatric orthopaedic departments across the United States in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: One hundred four pediatric orthopaedic departments were investigated regarding each institution's current telehealth utilization as a direct response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Results: Of the 104 hospitals contacted across the United States, 100 pediatric orthopaedic departments in 39 states responded for an overall response rate of 96%.

Plastic Surgical Management of Hidradenitis Suppurativa.

Learning Objectives: After studying this article, the participant should be able to: 1. Describe the pathogenesis of hidradenitis suppurativa. 2.

Skin testing and drug challenge in the evaluation of drug hypersensitivity reactions.

Immediate hypersensitivity to drugs is characterized by symptoms such as hives, swelling, and wheezing. To prevent a negative impact on care, assessment by an allergist is important. Evaluation requires a clear clinical history, but it is often lacking or vague, which makes a diagnosis difficult.

Association of Academic Physiatrists Women's Task Force Follow-up Report.

The Association of Academic Physiatrists convened a Women's Task Force in 2016, under the leadership of then Association of Academic Physiatrists President Gerard Francisco, MD, to evaluate data and metrics pertaining to the representation and inclusion of female physiatrists in the society. An initial published report focused on a retrospective analysis of data in categories such as leadership, conference presentations, and recognition awards. The findings, which highlighted areas in which the Association of Academic Physiatrists had been successful in supporting gender equity as well as areas in which female physiatrists were underrepresented, provided a base from which to strategically focus on closing gaps in representation.

Correlation Between Social Media Posts and Academic Citations of Orthopaedic Research.

Introduction: The objectives of this study were to quantify adoption of social media for the dissemination of original research in orthopaedic research and to determine the correlation between academic citations and social medial posts among recent orthopaedic publications.

Methods: An Internet-based study was performed of 835 articles from three orthopaedic journals from 2018 to 2019. The number of academic citations for each article was determined using Google Scholar and Web of Science.

A Positive Psychology-Motivational Interviewing Intervention to Promote Positive Affect and Physical Activity in Type 2 Diabetes: The BEHOLD-8 Controlled Clinical Trial.

Objective: Physical activity is associated with superior health outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), but most T2D patients do not follow physical activity recommendations. The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility and impact of a novel combined positive psychology-motivational interviewing (PP-MI) intervention to promote physical activity in T2D.

Methods: This controlled clinical trial compared an 8-week, phone-delivered PP-MI intervention to an attention-matched MI-enhanced behavioral counseling condition among 60 participants with T2D and suboptimal moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA; <150 min/wk).

The Alzheimer Disease-Causing Presenilin-1 L435F Mutation Causes Increased Production of Soluble Aβ43 Species in Patient-Derived iPSC-Neurons, Closely Mimicking Matched Patient Brain Tissue.

Familial Alzheimer disease-causing mutations in Presenilin 1 (PSEN1) are generally thought to shift the processing of APP toward longer, more amyloidogenic Aβ fragments. However, certain PSEN1 mutations cause severe reduction in gamma secretase function when expressed in the homozygous state, thus challenging the amyloid hypothesis. We sought to evaluate the effects of one such mutation, PSEN1 L435F, in more physiologic conditions and genetic contexts by using human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons from an individual with familial AD (fAD) linked to the PSEN1 L435F mutation, and compared the biochemical phenotype of the iPS-derived neurons with brain tissue obtained at autopsy from the same patient.

Alcohol-Related Dermatitis: A Review.

: Wine, beer, liquor, and spirits are widely consumed in many cultures across the globe, and for some individuals, ingestion, cutaneous contact, or other exposure can lead to dermatologic findings. However, there currently exist no comprehensive reviews on alcohol-related dermatitis. Herein, we will provide an overview of alcohol-related dermatitis and contact urticaria, including the epidemiology and clinical manifestations, potential allergens found in alcoholic beverages, testing approaches, and strategies for allergen avoidance.

Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation: Trends in Graduate Medical Education and Subspecialization Amid Changing Demographics.

With an aging and growing US population, American healthcare faces an impending physician shortage. This is important for the field of physical medicine and rehabilitation, because physiatrists' skills in managing chronic conditions and functional outcomes are especially relevant to an older population. The present study was designed to better understand the future physical medicine and rehabilitation workforce, by recording and analyzing the quantities of Accreditation Council of Graduate Medical Education-accredited physical medicine and rehabilitation graduate medical education programs and positions between 2001-2002 and 2017-2018.

More Than Just a Game: The Public Health Impact of Sport and Physical Activity for People With Disabilities (The 2017 DeLisa Lecture).

Although people with disabilities make up a large proportion of our global population and are known to be disproportionately impacted by sedentary lifestyles leading to chronic disease, programs promoting physical activity often fail to address their unique needs. Both environmental and attitudinal factors also act as barriers to full participation. In this context, increasing evidence shows the positive impact of physical activity and sport on outcomes related to physical health, mental health, community participation, and, in some cases, neurorecovery for people with disabilities.