Medical, Environmental, and Social Determinants Associated With Periocular Cutaneous Malignancies in the United States Using the All of Us National Database.

Objective: To identify common factors associated with periocular cutaneous malignancies using the National Institutes of Health (NIH) database.

Methodology: In this case-control study, we extracted electronic health records and sociodemographic data for 385 cases of periocular cutaneous malignancies from the nationwide database. Controls ( = 1540) were matched to the demographic characteristics of the 2020 United States Census.

Artificial intelligence for predicting response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for bladder cancer A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Neoadjuvant cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy (NAC) followed by radical cystectomy is the standard of care for cisplatin-fit patients harboring muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Prediction of response to NAC is essential for clinical decision-making regarding alternatives in case of non-response, and bladder-sparing in case of complete response. This research aimed to assess the performance of machine learning in predicting therapeutic response following NAC treatment in patients with MIBC.

The Effect of Intravenous Tranexamic Acid on Postoperative Ecchymoses after Upper Blepharoplasty.

Background: Tranexamic acid has been increasingly used in facial plastic surgery to improve perioperative hemostasis. While subcutaneous tranexamic acid has been found to not significantly decrease postoperative ecchymoses following upper blepharoplasty, systemic administration has not previously been studied.

Methods: A total of 325 patients undergoing upper blepharoplasty were randomly assigned to either receive intravenous tranexamic acid or serve as a control.

Implementation of postoperative opioid prescribing guidelines after carpal tunnel release: a quality collaborative study.

Opioid prescribing after carpal tunnel release (CTR) is not well understood. We assessed CTR opioid prescribing within a quality collaborative after the dissemination of guidelines. Post guidelines, the odds of receiving a prescription decreased by 67%.

Use of oxymetazoline hydrochloride ophthalmic solution, 0.1% for improved lid symmetry in Graves' disease.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the usage of oxymetazoline hydrochloride ophthalmic solution, 0.1% in the treatment of Graves' disease to improve lid symmetry.

Methods: Fourteen patients were identified with unilateral upper eyelid retraction, secondary to Graves' disease.

Evolving Role of Exosomes in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Dermatology.

Exosomes, or extracellular vesicles, represent the latest cell-free addition to the regenerative medicine toolkit. In vitro preclinical studies have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of exosomes, which vary based on source and biomanufacturing, for a myriad of potential therapeutic applications relevant to skin and soft tissue reconstruction. Primary search was performed in September 2021 on the MEDLINE database via PubMed and Ovid, with focus on articles about therapeutic application of exosomes or extracellular vesicles.

The Effect of Barrel-Stave Osteotomy Length in Sagittal Strip Craniectomy.

Objective: In managing sagittal craniosynostosis, strip craniectomy of the affected suture is commonly paired with barrel-stave osteotomies to allow for additional cranial remodeling. However, the effect of these osteotomies is not well-established. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the length of barrel-stave osteotomies on outcomes in patients with sagittal craniosynostosis.

Aesthetic Auricle Reconstruction with the Dieffenbach Flap: A Retrospective Case Review.

The Dieffenbach flap is often used for post-Mohs reconstruction of auricle defects, effectively restoring the auricle rim. However, its impact on auricle projection and length after division and inset is not well-documented. This study evaluates auricle projection and length following defect repair with the Dieffenbach flap, comparing results to the nonoperative ear.

Endoluminal radiofrequency ablation with stenting versus stenting alone in patients with malignant biliary obstruction: a meta-analysis of randomized trials.

Background: Endoluminal radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a palliative treatment for patients suffering from malignant biliary obstruction (MBO). We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of RFA on stent patency, patient survival, and adverse events.

Methods: Major databases were searched through December 2023 for patients who had undergone stenting with or without RFA for extrahepatic MBO.

Perineal Urethrostomy for Complex Urethral Strictures: Long-Term Patient-Reported Outcomes From a Reconstructive Referral Center and a Scoping Literature Review.

Purpose: There is a paucity of long-term objective and patient-reported outcomes after definitive perineal urethrostomy for complex urethral strictures. Our objective is to determine comprehensive long-term success of perineal urethrostomy with our 15-year experience at a reconstructive referral center.

Materials And Methods: Patients who underwent perineal urethrostomy between 2009 and 2023 were identified.

Burn-Related Violence Against Women in the United States: Findings From the ABA Burn Registry.

Violence against women is a global public health problem. Centers for Disease Control and Precention (CDC) data show 41% of US women have experienced intimate partner violence. Burn-related violence against women is an extremely confronting form of physical violence.

Pitanguy Ligament Preservation in Structural Precision Rhinoplasty.

The Pitanguy ligament is a crucial structure in nasal tip support and in maintaining the integrity of the soft tissue envelope of the nose. In this cadaveric study, we dissected out the Pitanguy ligament on a series of fresh human cadaver specimens to better elucidate the structure of the ligament and its fate in open rhinoplasty. The Pitanguy ligament can act as a tethering force to the nasal tip when reshaping the nasal tip.

Hypoxia within subcutaneously implanted macroencapsulation devices limits the viability and functionality of densely loaded islets.

Introduction: Subcutaneous macroencapsulation devices circumvent disadvantages of intraportal islet therapy. However, a curative dose of islets within reasonably sized devices requires dense cell packing. We measured internal PO2 of implanted devices, mathematically modeled oxygen availability within devices and tested the predictions with implanted devices containing densely packed human islets.

A retrospective analysis of factors affecting speech production in school-aged children with cleft palate (+- cleft lip).

Objective: The present investigation examined how factors such as cleft type, age of primary palatal surgery, diagnosed syndromes, hearing problems, and malocclusions could predict persistent speech difficulties and the need for speech services in school-aged children with cleft palate.

Methods: Participants included 100 school-aged children with cleft palate. Americleft speech protocol was used to assess the perceptual aspects of speech production.

Does Preservation of Metacarpophalangeal Joint Vascularity Protect Against Physeal Arrest in Index Finger Pollicization?

Purpose: To determine whether preservation of blood supply to the index metacarpophalangeal joint decreases the rate of physeal arrest.

Methods: A retrospective review of 41 pollicized digits in 35 patients with 2-year minimum radiographic follow-up was conducted at a single institution. Other complications evaluated included nonunion at the pollicized digit base and clinical instability at the new carpometacarpal joint.

The association between body mass index and physical function in adult burn survivors: A Burn Model System National Database study.

Introduction: An area of rehabilitation research in burns is the impact of co-morbidities on disease trajectory. Obesity is a comorbidity of increasing public health concern, but its role remains controversial regarding burn injury and physical recovery. Our aim was to evaluate the association between body mass index (BMI) categories as a measure of obesity at discharge and self-reported physical function (PF) during recovery of adult burn survivors.

International Consensus Statements on Intraoperative Testing for Cochlear Implantation Surgery.

Objectives: A wide variety of intraoperative tests are available in cochlear implantation. However, no consensus exists on which tests constitute the minimum necessary battery. We assembled an international panel of clinical experts to develop, refine, and vote upon a set of core consensus statements.

Dispelling the Myths of Isotretinoin and Implications for Rhinoplasty.

Despite concerns from 1980s case reports, oral isotretinoin, a derivative of Vitamin A, has largely proven to be safe in surgical procedures with the exception of deep skin resurfacing. Isotretinoin modulates thinning skin and internal scarring in select rhinoplasty patients who may otherwise have poor definition and excessive scarring. A review of patients undergoing surgical interventions including rhinoplasty in the setting of concomitant isotretinoin was performed to examine safety and therapeutic potential.

Incidental Abdominal Wall Endometriosis in Plastic Surgery: Two Cases and Review of the Literature.

Endometriosis is a common cause of pain and infertility. Abdominal wall endometriosis (AWE) is a form of extrapelvic endometriosis that can be encountered during abdominal surgery such as abdominoplasty or free flap harvest. We report two cases of AWE; one found intraoperatively in a 32-year-old woman desiring body contouring after undergoing cesarean section, and a second in a 36-year-old woman requiring resection and reconstruction of a left chondroid tenosynovial giant cell tumor of her temporomandibular joint.

Skin treatment with non-thermal plasma modulates the immune system through miR-223-3p and its target genes.

Non-thermal plasma, a partially ionized gas, holds significant potential for clinical applications, including wound-healing support, oral therapies, and anti-tumour treatments. While its applications showed promising outcomes, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. We thus apply non-thermal plasma to mouse auricular skin and conducted non-coding RNA sequencing, as well as single-cell blood sequencing.