Dissecting Tumor Size Underestimation in Pancreatic Cancer: A Comparative Analysis of Preoperative Treatments.

Background: Tumor size (TS) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most important prognostic factors. However, discrepancies between TS on preoperative images (TSi) and pathological specimens (TSp) have been reported. This study aims to evaluate the factors associated with the differences between TSi and TSp.

Multimodal Therapy May be Key to Improving Survival for Octogenarians Undergoing Pancreaticoduodenectomy for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: An American Multicenter Analysis.

Background: As the population ages, the number of octogenarians with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) continues to rise. Morbidity and mortality following pancreatectomy have improved owing to safer surgery and better chemoradiation regimens. This study compares the outcomes and multimodality utilization in octogenarians (≥80 years) who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) for PDAC, with a younger cohort.

Enhancing Bioactivity of Titanium-Based Materials Through Chitosan Based Coating and Calcitriol Functionalization.

Titanium (Ti)-based materials are favored for hard tissue applications, yet their bioinertness limits their success. This study hypothesizes that functionalizing Ti materials with chitosan nano/microspheres and calcitriol (VD) will enhance their bioactivity by improving cellular activities and mineralization. To test this, chitosan particles were applied uniformly onto Ti surfaces using electrophoretic deposition (EPD) at 20 V for 3 minutes.

Multi-level Factors to Build Confidence and Support in Active Surveillance for Low-Risk Prostate Cancer: A Qualitative Study.

Background: Active surveillance (AS) is the guideline-recommended treatment for low-risk prostate cancer and involves routine provider visits, lab tests, imaging, and prostate biopsies. Despite good uptake, adherence to AS, in terms of receiving recommended follow-up testing and remaining on AS in the absence of evidence of cancer progression, remains challenging.

Objective: We sought to better understand urologist, primary care providers (PCPs), and patient experiences with AS care delivery to identify opportunities to improve adherence.

PETRICCS Guideline Protocol: A Call to Improve Reporting Standards in Cell Culture Research.

Background: Cell culture studies play an important role in addressing fundamental scientific questions. However, inadequate reporting of these studies results in a lack of transparency and reproducibility. Recognizing the need for improvement, several ongoing efforts, such as CRIS guidelines and the ICLAC checklist, are focused on enhancing best practices for in vitro studies.

Time-dependent recovery of renal impairment in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.

Renal impairment is reported in 20%-50% of patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma and is known as a poor prognostic factor. Although several studies have demonstrated that treatment with novel antimyeloma agents improves renal impairment and myeloma itself, the time-dependent clinical course of recovery of renal function has not been extensively studied. We retrospectively collected the data of characteristics and outcomes in consecutive unselected patients diagnosed with and treated for symptomatic multiple myeloma between January 2015 and December 2022, and extracted and analyzed the cases with renal impairment.

Genital graft versus host disease in women after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation - a single center experience.

Chronic Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a major complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), affecting the female genital tract in 25-66% of the patients. This condition, referred to as Genital GVHD is an underdiagnosed gynecologic comorbidity, that can significantly impair quality of life. We aimed to describe the prevalence and management of genital GVHD following HSCT.

Sustainability metrics targeted optimization and electric discharge process modelling by neural networks.

Aluminium and its alloys, especially Al6061, have gathered significant interest among researchers due to its less density, great durability, and high strength. Due to their lightweight properties, the precise machining of these alloys can become expensive through conventional machining operations for intricate products. Therefore, non-traditional machining such as electric discharge machining (EDM) can potentially be opted for the cutting of Al6061.

A Qualitative Study of Primary Care Physicians' Approaches to Caring for Adult Adopted Patients.

Purpose: Adoption has lifelong health implications for 7.8 million adopted people and their families in the United States. The majority of adoptees have limited family medical history (LFMH).

Not Like They Used To: The Decline of Procedural Competency in Medical Training.

As a primary care pediatrician trained before work hour restrictions were enacted, I spent hours mastering procedures that trainees today rarely perform. The changing landscape of health care clinician roles, technology, and work hour restrictions have all contributed to a remarkable decline in trainees' procedural competence which has significant negative effects for patients, health care systems, and physicians themselves. I suggest simulation, live training, mentoring, and scheduled opportunities as ways to reemphasize the importance of learning these technical skills.

Intervention Stage Completion and Behavioral Health Outcomes: An Integrated Behavioral Health and Primary Care Randomized Pragmatic Trial.

Purpose: We performed a pragmatic, cluster randomized controlled trial of a comprehensive practice-level, multistage practice transformation intervention aiming to increase behavioral health integration in primary care practices and improve patient outcomes. We examined associations between completion of intervention stages and patient outcomes across a heterogeneous national sample of primary care practices.

Methods: Forty-two primary care practices across the United States with colocated behavioral health and 2,945 patients with multiple chronic medical and behavioral health conditions completed surveys at baseline, midpoint, and 2-year follow-up.

Impact of Financial Incentives and Department Size on Scholarly Activity Output.

Purpose: Family medicine research is essential to improving population health. It has the unique ability to answer questions about health care outcomes and use those insights to impact communities. Increasing research capacity continues to be a challenge; however, recent literature has touted the success of incentivization in several academic medicine specialties.

Affirmative Action-A Crack in the Door to Higher Education.

The impact of the Supreme Court of the United States ruling against race-conscious admissions extends beyond college admissions to professional schools. Based partially on the idea that enough time had elapsed for achievement of the stated goals of affirmative action, the court ruled race-conscious admissions are unconstitutional under the 14th Amendment's Equal Protection Clause. The ruling left a crack in the door to higher education, however, allowing students to write an essay showing how race or ethnicity affected their lives.

Interviews to Assess a Peer Health Navigator Service for People Who Are Transgender or Gender Diverse.

Purpose: People who are transgender or gender diverse (PTGD) often experience difficulties navigating the health care system due to a variety of factors such as lack of knowledgeable and/or culturally competent clinicians, discrimination, and structural and/or socioeconomic barriers. We sought to determine whether a peer health navigator service in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan helped connect transgender and gender-diverse clients and health care practitioners (HCPs) to resources, and how this service changed their health care experiences.

Methods: Semistructured interviews were conducted with 9 clients and 9 HCPs.

Breaking ICD Codes: Identifying Ambiguous Respiratory Infection Codes via Regional Diagnosis Heterogeneity.

Purpose: We aimed to analyze regional variations in the assignment of (ICD-10) codes to acute respiratory infections, seeking to identify notable anomalies that suggest diverse diagnoses of the same condition.

Methods: We analyzed national weekly diagnosis data for acute respiratory infections (ICD-10 codes J00-J22) in Poland from 2010 to 2019, covering all 380 county-equivalent administrative regions and encompassing 292 million consultations. Data were aggregated into age brackets.

The Soundtrack of a Clinic Day.

There is a hum and drum to the clinical day, sounds and rhythms that pervade physician and patient's soundscape. We hear but we do not listen. The soundtrack of the daily grind is experienced as an audio blanket of white noise.

Characterizing olfactory brain responses in young infants.

Odor perception plays a critical role in early human development, but the underlying neural mechanisms are not fully understood. To investigate these, we presented appetitive and aversive odors to infants of both sexes at one month of age while recording functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and nasal airflow data. Infants slept during odor presentation to allow MRI scanning.