Mapping of Amyloid-β Aggregates In Vivo by a Fluorescent Probe with Dual Recognition Moieties.

The spontaneous aggregation of amyloid-β (Aβ) leads to neuronal cell death in the brain and causes the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The efficient detection of the aggregation state of Aβ holds significant promise for the early diagnosis and subsequent treatment of this neurodegenerative disorder. Currently, most of the fluorescent probes used for the detection of Aβ fibrils share similar recognition moieties, such as the ,-dimethylamino group, ,-diethylamino group, and piperidyl group.

Exploring child and youth understanding of loneliness through qualitative insights and evaluating loneliness measures considering those lived experiences.

The overall goal of this paper is to enhance the understanding and measurement of loneliness by identifying key experiential characteristics of loneliness in children and adolescents, and determine whether there is a need for refined assessment tools that accurately capture that experience. In Study 1, we synthesized the qualitative research on the child and youth experience of loneliness and found shared characteristics of loneliness, with some differences related to developmental changes (e.g.

Identification of a TNIK-CDK9 axis as a targetable strategy for platinum-resistant ovarian cancer.

Up to 90% of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) patients will develop resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy, posing substantial therapeutic challenges due to a lack of universally druggable targets. Leveraging BenevolentAI's AI-driven approach to target discovery, we screened potential AI-predicted therapeutic targets mapped to unapproved tool compounds in patient-derived 3D models. This identified TNIK, which is modulated by NCB-0846, as a novel target for platinum-resistant HGSC.

Generalized Stomatal Optimization of Evolutionary Fitness Proxies for Predicting Plant Gas Exchange Under Drought, Heatwaves, and Elevated CO.

Stomata control plant water loss and photosynthetic carbon gain. Developing more generalized and accurate stomatal models is essential for earth system models and predicting responses under novel environmental conditions associated with global change. Plant optimality theories offer one promising approach, but most such theories assume that stomatal conductance maximizes photosynthetic net carbon assimilation subject to some cost or constraint of water.

Residual Mitral Regurgitation Interacts With Transmitral Mean Pressure Gradient to Modify the Association With Mortality Following Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair.

Background: The association, if any, between the transmitral mean pressure gradient (TMPG) after mitral transcatheter edge-to-edge repair and 1-year mortality is controversial in patients undergoing mitral transcatheter edge-to-edge repair with the MitraClip system. We sought to estimate the association between intraoperatively measured residual mitral regurgitation (rMR) and TMPG and 1-year mortality among patients undergoing mitral transcatheter edge-to-edge repair to facilitate decisions on additional devices.

Methods: In patients with severe secondary (functional) MR, we analyzed registry data using generalized estimating equations.

COVID-19 vaccination patterns among oral cancer patients: A comprehensive analysis in a medical center in Taiwan.

Background/purpose: COVID-19 vaccines are supplied at no-cost to residents as a measure to prevent comorbidities, fatalities, and the increased risk of community transmission, thus protecting public health systems. However, vaccine acceptance among cancer patients remained uncertain. This study aimed to elucidate the vaccination rates among oral cancer patients at a medical center in Taiwan.

investigation of human salivary microbial growth with lysogeny broth for translational research-A pilot study.

Background/purpose: Salivary microbiome has become a surrogate indicator of oral disease due to its collective reservoirs and convenience in sampling. However, failed clinical trials often lead to wastes of resources, indicating a need for preclinical models. In this pilot study, we aimed to compare the salivary microbiome by metagenomics analysis before and after lysogeny broth culture for prospective translational studies.

Disseminated Chickenpox Following Live Varicella Vaccination in a Crohn's Disease Patient on Combination Immunosuppression.

Novel therapeutics used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease pose an increased risk of viral reactivation in patients. We present a case of a patient with refractory Crohn's disease (CD) who developed primary varicella (chickenpox) of a vaccine-viral strain after receiving combination immunosuppression with high-dose corticosteroids, tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi), and a Janus kinase inhibitor (JAKi) in the hospital. While this patient recovered and did not experience long term adverse effects, her case provides an opportunity for improvement.

A Comprehensive Review of Psychosocial, Academic, and Psychological Issues Faced by University Students in India.

Background: University students confront a wide range of issues during their pursuit of education. Understanding these issues is essential for developing effective treatments and support systems.

Purpose: This study aims to delineate the landscape of scholarly literature pertaining to psychosocial, academic, and psychological issues among university students.

Pandemic-associated food insecurity in northern, coastal Ecuador.

The COVID-19 pandemic worsened food insecurity worldwide. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of the pandemic on perceived food insecurity among households in rural Esmeraldas, Ecuador. We conducted a cross-sectional survey to characterize pandemic impacts on household livelihoods and food insecurity in five communities.

A Comprehensive Review of the Role of GLP-1 Agonists in Weight Management and Their Effect on Metabolic Parameters Such as Blood Glucose, Cholesterol, and Blood Pressure.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have been developed to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus. Although, in the last 10 years, the use of GLP-1 RAs, especially semaglutide and liraglutide, has increased, its clinical implications and how it affects metabolic parameters have yet to be fully consolidated. This narrative review explores the metabolic effects of GLP-1 RAs in weight management, blood glucose, cardiovascular health, lipid profiles, and blood pressure.

Myokines: metabolic regulation in obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Skeletal muscle plays a vital role in the regulation of systemic metabolism, partly through its secretion of endocrine factors which are collectively known as myokines. Altered myokine levels are associated with metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). The significance of interorgan crosstalk, particularly through myokines, has emerged as a fundamental aspect of nutrient and energy homeostasis.

Coracoid osteotomy approach for open free bone grafting of anterior glenoid defects.

The utilization of free bone grafts to reconstruct large anterior glenoid defects has increased. Distal tibia allograft is commonly used due to its lack of donor site morbidity, ability to restore large bony defects, and near anatomic osteoarticular restoration. However, the intact coracoid and conjoint tendon often impair adequate visualization and access to perform an anatomic reconstruction during open free bone graft reconstruction and often requires violation of the subscapularis tendon to gain exposure.

Dental manifestations of hypophosphatasia: translational and clinical advances.

Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is an inherited error in metabolism resulting from loss-of-function variants in the gene, which encodes tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP). TNAP plays a crucial role in biomineralization of bones and teeth, in part by reducing levels of inorganic pyrophosphate (PP), an inhibitor of biomineralization. HPP onset in childhood contributes to rickets, including growth plate defects and impaired growth.

Environment scan of generative AI infrastructure for clinical and translational science.

This study reports a comprehensive environmental scan of the generative AI (GenAI) infrastructure in the national network for clinical and translational science across 36 institutions supported by the CTSA Program led by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) at the United States. Key findings indicate a diverse range of institutional strategies, with most organizations in the experimental phase of GenAI deployment. The results underscore the need for a more coordinated approach to GenAI governance, emphasizing collaboration among senior leaders, clinicians, information technology staff, and researchers.

SHOC2 plays an oncogenic or tumor-suppressive role by differentially targeting the MAPK and mTORC1 signals in liver cancer.

SHOC2 is a scaffold protein that activates the RAS-MAPK signal. Our recent study showed that SHOC2 is also a negative regulator of the mTORC1 signal in lung cancer cells. Whether and how SHOC2 differentially regulates the RAS-MAPK vs.

Improved Visualization of Oropharyngeal Tumors Using Simple Maneuvers During Flexible Endoscopy.

Objectives: To describe patient positioning maneuvers that optimize visualization of the oropharynx during flexible endoscopy.

Methods: An institutional database of videos obtained from 2021 to 2023 during flexible endoscopy of patients with oropharyngeal carcinoma (OPC) was reviewed. Patients seen outside the specialty head and neck clinic, those with tonsillar primary tumors, and those only with videos of fiberoptic swallowing evaluations were excluded.

Survival Analysis of Liver Transplants in Patients with Acute Liver Failure from Acetaminophen and Mushroom Toxicity.

BACKGROUND Acute liver failure (ALF) remains a critical concern, accounting for about 8% of all liver transplants, with acetaminophen overdose contributing to nearly half of these cases. Besides synthetic toxins, natural toxins such as phallotoxin from Amanita phalloides mushrooms also lead to severe hepatocyte damage. This study investigates the outcomes of liver transplantation (LT) as a life-saving intervention in patients suffering from ALF due to acetaminophen and Amanita phalloides poisoning.

Impact of cariprazine on body weight and blood pressure among adults with bipolar I disorder, schizophrenia, or major depressive disorder in a real-world setting.

Background: Atypical antipsychotics are a common treatment for serious mental illness, but many are associated with adverse effects, including weight gain and cardiovascular issues, and real-world experience may differ from clinical trial data. Cariprazine has previously demonstrated a favorable safety and tolerability profile in clinical trials. Here, we evaluated the effects of cariprazine on body weight and blood pressure for bipolar I disorder (BP-I), schizophrenia, or as adjunctive treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD) using real-world data.

Lipidome disruption in Alzheimer's disease brain: detection, pathological mechanisms, and therapeutic implications.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is among the most devastating neurodegenerative disorders with limited treatment options. Emerging evidence points to the involvement of lipid dysregulation in the development of AD. Nevertheless, the precise lipidomic landscape and the mechanistic roles of lipids in disease pathology remain poorly understood.

Prolonged Febrile Seizure and Long-Term Neurological Sequelae in Otherwise Healthy Children.

The association between prolonged febrile seizure and long-term neurological sequelae in otherwise healthy children remains unclear. We conducted a retrospective cohort study using a Japanese nationwide medical database. In the cohort of 38,465 children with febrile seizures, 610 and 31,157 were classified into the prolonged and non-prolonged groups, respectively.

Validating the Accuracy of Parkinson's Disease Clinical Diagnosis: A UK Brain Bank Case-Control Study.

Objective: Despite diagnostic criteria refinements, Parkinson's disease (PD) clinical diagnosis still suffers from a not satisfying accuracy, with the post-mortem examination as the gold standard for diagnosis. Seminal clinicopathological series highlighted that a relevant number of patients alive-diagnosed with idiopathic PD have an alternative post-mortem diagnosis. We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of PD comparing the in-vivo clinical diagnosis with the post-mortem diagnosis performed through the pathological examination in 2 groups.

Stratified Impact of Therapies on Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Outcomes in the Pre-Gene-Targeted Therapy Era.

Background: Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a highly lethal disease, often diagnosed with advanced locoregional and distant metastases, resulting in a median survival of just 3-5 months. This study determines the stratified effectiveness of baseline treatments in all combinations, enabling precise prognoses prediction and establishing benchmarks for advanced therapeutic options.

Methods: The study extracted a cohort of pathologically confirmed ATC patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program.