Development and Application of PSCPL13 Probiotics in Olive Flounder () Farming.

Aquaculture has grown significantly, contributing to global food security and sustainability; however, intensified fish farming has increased disease susceptibility and antibiotic resistance. This study assessed the probiotic potential of PSCPL13 (hereafter, PSCPL13), isolated from the intestines of Japanese eels, for enhancing the health of olive flounder. After screening 16 isolates, PSCPL13 was selected because of its potential broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against many pathogens, such as and .

Effect of Praziquantel on Preventing Delayed Infection of in Buffaloes and Goats.

Schistosomiasis, caused by , continues to pose a major public health threat in East Asia, with an estimated 71 million people at risk of infection. Domestic animals, especially buffaloes and goats, serve as important reservoir hosts, facilitating the transmission of the parasite to humans. While praziquantel (PZQ) is the first-line treatment for schistosomiasis due to its broad-spectrum efficacy against adult schistosomes, its prophylactic potential is less explored.

Magnetic Field-Assisted Orientation and Positioning of Magnetite for Flexible and Electrically Conductive Sensors.

Magnetic field-assisted control of magnetite location is a promising strategy for developing flexible, electrically conductive sensors with enhanced performance and adjustable properties. This study investigates the effect of static magnetic fields applied on thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) composites with magnetite and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). The composites were prepared by compression moulding and the magnetic field was applied on the mould cavity during processing.

Enhancing the Performance of Vibration Energy Harvesting Based on 2:1:2 Internal Resonance in Magnetically Coupled Oscillators.

An electromagnetic vibration energy harvester with a 2:1:2 internal resonance (IR) is proposed, allowing for the simultaneous activation of two IRs within the system in order to enhance its performance in terms of bandwidth and harvested power. The device consists of three magnetically coupled oscillators separated by an adjustable gap to tune the system eigenfrequencies and achieve a 2:1:2 IR. Numerical investigations are conducted to predict the behavior of the proposed device, and a multi-objective optimization procedure is employed to enhance the harvester's performance by introducing mass perturbations.

Origin and Genealogy of Rare mtDNA Haplotypes Detected in the Serbian Population.

: The Balkan Peninsula has served as an important migration corridor between Asia Minor and Europe throughout humankind's history and a refugium during the Last Glacial Maximum. Past migrations such as the Neolithic expansion, Bronze Age migrations, and the settlement of Slavic tribes in the Early Middle Ages, are well known for their impact on shaping the genetic pool of contemporary Balkan populations. They have contributed to the high genetic diversity of the region, especially in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) lineages.

Missing Regulation Between Genetic Association and Transcriptional Abundance for Hypercholesterolemia Genes.

Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and it plays a causal role in the development of atherosclerosis. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have successfully identified hundreds of genetic variants associated with LDL-C. Most of these risk loci fall in non-coding regions of the genome, and it is unclear how these non-coding variants affect circulating lipid levels.

The Plethora of RNA-Protein Interactions Model a Basis for RNA Therapies.

The notion of RNA-based therapeutics has gained wide attractions in both academic and commercial institutions. RNA is a polymer of nucleic acids that has been proven to be impressively versatile, dating to its hypothesized RNA World origins, evidenced by its enzymatic roles in facilitating DNA replication, mRNA decay, and protein synthesis. This is underscored through the activities of riboswitches, spliceosomes, ribosomes, and telomerases.

The Immunoexpression and Prognostic Significance of Stem Cell Markers in Malignant Salivary Gland Tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Salivary gland carcinomas encompass a broad group of malignant lesions characterized by varied prognoses. Stem cells have been associated with the potential for self-renewal and differentiation to various subpopulations, resulting in histopathological variability and diverse biological behavior, features that characterize salivary gland carcinomas. This study aims to provide a thorough systematic review of immunohistochemical studies regarding the expression and prognostic significance of stem cell markers between different malignant salivary gland tumors (MSGTs).

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting and Principal Component Analysis Strategies Lead to Anti-Tuberculosis Natural Product Discovery from Actinomycetes.

Background: The increasing prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) underscores the urgent need for novel antimicrobial agents.

Methods: This study integrates cultivation optimization, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) fingerprinting, and principal component analysis (PCA) to explore microbial secondary metabolites as potential anti-TB agents.

Results: Using the combined approach, 11 bioactive compounds were isolated and identified, all exhibiting anti- BCG activity.

Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of Linear and Cyclic Peptides Containing Arginine, Tryptophan, and Diphenylalanine.

We have previously reported peptides composed of sequential arginine (R) residues paired with tryptophan (W) or 3,3-diphenyl-L-alanine residues (Dip), such as cyclic peptides [RW] and [R(Dip)], as antibacterial agents. Herein, we report antibacterial and antifungal activities of five linear peptides, namely ((DipR)(WR)), ((DipR)(WR)), ((DipR)(WR)), ((DipR)(WR)), and (DipR)R, and five cyclic peptides [(DipR)(WR)], [(DipR)(WR)], [(DipR)(WR)], [(DipR)(WR)], and [DipR], containing alternate positively charged R and hydrophobic W and Dip residues against fungal, Gram-positive, and Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of all peptides were determined by the micro-broth dilution method against , , , , , , , , and .

Characterization of Phage Endolysin PlyDolk21.

is a significant cause of food poisoning. Broad-spectrum antibiotics, commonly used to control , are becoming less effective due to the rise of antibiotic-resistant strains, necessitating alternative control strategies. A -infecting bacteriophage, Dolk21, and its endolysin, PlyDolk21, were isolated and characterized.

Detection of Delafloxacin Resistance Mechanisms in Multidrug-Resistant .

In this study, the mechanisms implicated in delafloxacin resistance in strains were investigated. Delafloxacin is a novel, broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone that has been approved for clinical application. In our study, 43 strains were assessed, antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed via the broth microdilution method, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for ciprofloxacin, delafloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, ceftazidime, cefotaxime, and imipenem were determined.

Harnessing Non-Antibiotic Strategies to Counter Multidrug-Resistant Clinical Pathogens with Special Reference to Antimicrobial Peptides and Their Coatings.

Antimicrobial resistance is a critical global challenge in the 21st century, validating Sir Alexander Fleming's warning about the misuse of antibiotics leading to resistant microbes. With a dwindling arsenal of effective antibiotics, it is imperative to concentrate on alternative antimicrobial strategies. Previous studies have not comprehensively discussed the advantages and limitations of various strategies, including bacteriophage therapy, probiotics, immunotherapies, photodynamic therapy, essential oils, nanoparticles and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) within a single review.

The Wildcat That Lives in Me: A Review on Free-Roaming Cats () in Brazil, Focusing on Research Priorities, Management, and Their Impacts on Cat Welfare.

Domestic cats () currently occupy the 38th place in the Global Invasive Species Database. Free-roaming cats potentially have broad-ranging impacts on wildlife, occupying most terrestrial environments globally as house pets, strays, or feral animals. In Australia, for example, cats are responsible for the decline in many vertebrate populations and extinction of several native mammals.

Immune-Based and Novel Therapies in Variant Histology Renal Cell Carcinomas.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a heterogeneous disease that represents the most common type of kidney cancer. The classification of RCC is primarily based on distinct morphological and molecular characteristics, with two broad categories: clear cell RCC (ccRCC) and non-clear cell RCC (nccRCC). Clear cell RCC is the predominant subtype, representing about 70-80% of all RCC cases, while non-clear cell subtypes collectively make up the remaining 20-30%.

Artificial Intelligence in Pediatric Electrocardiography: A Comprehensive Review.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing healthcare by offering innovative solutions for diagnosis, treatment, and patient management. Only recently has the field of pediatric cardiology begun to explore the use of deep learning methods to analyze electrocardiogram (ECG) data, aiming to enhance diagnostic accuracy, expedite workflows, and improve patient outcomes. This review examines the current state of AI-enhanced ECG interpretation in pediatric cardiology applications, drawing insights from adult AI-ECG research given the progress in this field.

Olivetol's Effects on Metabolic State and Gut Microbiota Functionality in Mouse Models of Alimentary Obesity, Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 and 2, and Hypercholesterolemia.

Background: Disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism, such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, or hypercholesterolemia, can cause serious complications, reduce quality of life, and lead to increased premature mortality. Olivetol, a natural compound, could be proposed as a promising therapeutic agent for preventing, treating, or alleviating metabolic complications of such pathological conditions.

Methods: In this study, the researchers conducted a broad parallel investigation of olivetol's effects on metabolic state and gut microbiota functionality in mouse models of alimentary obesity, diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2, and hypercholesterolemia.

Exploring in Ischemic Stroke and Moyamoya Disease: From Cellular Models to Clinical Insights.

Advances in stroke genetics have highlighted the critical role of rare genetic variants in cerebrovascular diseases, with emerging as a key player in ischemic stroke and Moyamoya disease (MMD). Initially identified as the primary susceptibility gene for MMD, -notably the p.R4810K variant-has been strongly linked to intracranial artery stenosis (ICAS) and various ischemic stroke subtypes, particularly in East Asian populations.

Pond Water eDNA Reflects Broad Consistency with Surrounding Terrestrial Plant Ecosystems.

This study evaluates the potential of using pond water eDNA to reflect the surrounding terrestrial plant communities, aiming to develop a sustainable, large-scale, and long-term monitoring method for plant diversity in forest ecosystems. Water samples were collected four times from two ponds with different vegetation types during the late spring to autumn seasons in Japan. eDNA was extracted from dissolved particles fractionated by sequential filtration through pore sizes of 200 µm, 5 µm, and 0.

Machine-Learning Parsimonious Prediction Model for Diagnostic Screening of Severe Hematological Adverse Events in Cancer Patients Treated with PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors: Retrospective Observational Study by Using the Common Data Model.

: Earlier detection of severe immune-related hematological adverse events (irHAEs) in cancer patients treated with a PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitor is critical to improving treatment outcomes. The study aimed to develop a simple machine learning (ML) model for predicting irHAEs associated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. : We utilized the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership-Common Data Model based on electronic medical records from a tertiary (KHMC) and a secondary (KHNMC) hospital in South Korea.

Accuracy of Artificial Intelligence Based Chatbots in Analyzing Orthopedic Pathologies: An Experimental Multi-Observer Analysis.

The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) is impacting the medical sector by offering new possibilities for faster and more accurate diagnoses. Symptom checker apps show potential for supporting patient decision-making in this regard. Whether the AI-based decision-making of symptom checker apps shows better performance in diagnostic accuracy and urgency assessment compared to physicians remains unclear.

Classification of Strawberry Maturity Stages and Varieties Using Neural Networks Based on Volatile Organic Compounds.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are closely associated with the maturity and variety of strawberries. However, the complexity of VOCs hinders their potential application in strawberry classification. This study developed a novel classification workflow using strawberry VOC profiles and machine learning (ML) models for precise fruit classification.

Binding and cleavage of pro-urokinase by a tegument extract of Fasciola hepatica newly excysted juveniles activate the host fibrinolytic system.

Plasmin, the final product of fibrinolysis, is a broad-spectrum serine protease that degrades extracellular matrix (ECM) components, a function exploited by multiple pathogens for dissemination purposes. The trematode Fasciola hepatica is the leading cause of fasciolosis, a major disease of livestock and an emerging zoonosis in humans. Infection success depends on the ability of F.

Fc-binding nanodisc restores antiviral efficacy of antibodies with reduced neutralizing effects against evolving SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Passive antibody therapies, typically administered via parenteral routes, have played a crucial role in the initial response to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the ongoing evolution of SARS-CoV-2 has revealed significant limitations of this approach, primarily due to mutational escape and the inadequate delivery of antibodies to the upper respiratory tract. To overcome these challenges, we propose a novel prophylactic strategy involving the intranasal delivery of an antibody in combination with an Fc-binding nanodisc.

Framework for types of metainferences in mixed methods research.

Background: The generation of metainferences is a core and significant feature of mixed methods research. In recent years, there has been some discussion in the literature about criteria for appraising the quality of metainferences, the processes for generating them, and the critical role that assessing the "fit" of quantitative and qualitative data and results plays in this generative process. However, little is known about the types of insights that emerge from generating metainferences.