Prevalence and patient characteristics associated with cardiovascular disease risk factor screening in UK primary care for people with severe mental illness: an electronic healthcare record study.

Background: People with severe mental illness (SMI) are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and initiatives for CVD risk factor screening in the UK have not reduced disparities.

Objectives: To describe the annual screening prevalence for CVD risk factors in people with SMI from April 2000 to March 2018, and to identify factors associated with receiving no screening and regular screening.

Methods: We identified adults with a diagnosis of SMI (schizophrenia, bipolar disorder or 'other psychosis') from UK primary care records in Clinical Practice Research Datalink.

S-layers: from a serendipitous discovery to a toolkit for nanobiotechnology.

Prokaryotic microorganisms, comprising and , exhibit a fascinating diversity of cell envelope structures reflecting their adaptations that contribute to their resilience and survival in diverse environments. Among these adaptations, surface layers (S-layers) composed of monomolecular protein or glycoprotein lattices are one of the most observed envelope components. They are the most abundant cellular proteins and represent the simplest biological membranes that have developed during evolution.

Optimization of a micro-scale air-liquid-interface model of human proximal airway epithelium for moderate throughput drug screening for SARS-CoV-2.

Background: Many respiratory viruses attack the airway epithelium and cause a wide spectrum of diseases for which we have limited therapies. To date, a few primary human stem cell-based models of the proximal airway have been reported for drug discovery but scaling them up to a higher throughput platform remains a significant challenge. As a result, most of the drug screening assays for respiratory viruses are performed on commercial cell line-based 2D cultures that provide limited translational ability.

Newcastle disease virus genotype VII.1.1 identified from backyard chickens with low antibody titer: Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia.

Background: Newcastle disease significantly impacts the global poultry industry and is prevalent in many African countries, including Ethiopia. The objective of this research is to determine the humoral immune response to Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV), identify the circulating NDV genotype, and evaluate the correlation between the diagnostic tests used in backyard chickens in the Jimma Zone, southwest Ethiopia.

Methods: A total of 90 swab and blood samples were purposively collected from symptomatic backyard chicken in the period between February and April 2022.

Annulative Coupling of Sulfoxonium Ylides with Aldehydes and Naphthols or Coumarins: Easy Access to Fused Dihydrofurans.

We present a novel, metal- and additive-free method for the robust synthesis of dihydrofuran-fused naphthalenes and coumarins. This approach utilizes the annulative coupling of sulfoxonium ylides with aldehydes, naphthols, or coumarins at ambient temperature. The method exhibits broad substrate compatibility, accommodating various functional groups on sulfoxonium ylides and naphthol or coumarin derivatives and resulting in good to high yields of the desired products.

The hierarchical structure and longitudinal measurement invariance of externalizing symptoms in the adolescent brain and cognitive development study.

Recent years have seen a shift toward alternative nosologies of psychopathology, which frequently include a dimension of externalizing psychopathology. The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology is one such framework. Research using data from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study has identified a broad-based externalizing dimension, but no research to date has sought to empirically identify finer-grained externalizing subdimensions despite the research benefits associated with the use of homogenous dimensions.

Cu-Catalyzed Diastereo- and Enantioselective Synthesis of Borylated Cyclopropanes with Three Contiguous Stereocenters.

Direct synthesis of enantioenriched scaffolds with multiple adjacent stereocenters remains an important yet challenging task. Herein, we describe a highly diastereo- and enantioselective Cu-catalyzed alkylboration of cyclopropenes, with less reactive alkyl iodides as electrophiles, for the efficient synthesis of -substituted borylated cyclopropanes bearing three consecutive stereocenters. This protocol features mild conditions, a broad substrate scope, and good functional group tolerance, affording an array of chiral borylated cyclopropanes in good to high yields with excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities.

Secondary Alkylation of Arenes via the Borono-Catellani Strategy.

A modular platform technology for the synthesis of α-aryl carbonyl derivatives via Borono-Catellani-type secondary alkylation of arenes is presented. This practical method features a broad substrate scope regarding aryl boronic acid catechol esters, secondary alkyl bromides, and diversified terminating reagents (e.g.

Novel -(3-(1-(4-sulfamoylphenyl)triazol-4-yl)phenyl)benzamide Derivatives as Potent Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors with Broad-Spectrum Anticancer Activity: Leveraging Tail and Dual-Tail Approaches.

Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) IX and XII are crucial for the survival and metastasis of solid tumors under hypoxic conditions. We designed compounds -, integrating triazole and benzenesulfonamide scaffolds known for inhibiting tumor-associated CAs IX/XII. Initial synthesis included compounds -, followed by diversification with small hydrophobic groups (-) and hydrophilic heterocyclic secondary amines (-).

Unusual Phospholipids from Linked to Depression.

A multifactorial association study detected a probable causal connection between the prevalence of in the gut microbiome and the incidence of major depressive disorder (MDD) in the human host. A bioassay-guided fractionation approach identified bacterially produced metabolites that induced pro-inflammatory immune responses. The metabolites are unusual phospholipids that resemble conventional cardiolipins, in which diethanolamine (DEA) replaces the central glycerol.

Protein-Based Degraders: From Chemical Biology Tools to Neo-Therapeutics.

The nascent field of targeted protein degradation (TPD) could revolutionize biomedicine due to the ability of degrader molecules to selectively modulate disease-relevant proteins. A key limitation to the broad application of TPD is its dependence on small-molecule ligands to target proteins of interest. This leaves unstructured proteins or those lacking defined cavities for small-molecule binding out of the scope of many TPD technologies.

Stretchable AgS-MXene Photodetector Designed for Enhanced Electrical Durability and High Sensitivity.

In this work, we present a facile and straightforward approach for fabricating highly stretchable photodetectors based on AgS and TiCT MXene hybrid materials. These devices exhibit exceptional mechanical resilience, maintaining stable electrical and optical performance even after 10 000 cycles of 30% strain. The incorporation of MXene not only enhances the device's electrical durability but also ensures the retention of conductivity under significant mechanical deformation, positioning MXene as a critical material for the advancement of flexible electronics.

Tension-induced organelle stress: an emerging target in fibrosis.

Fibrosis accounts for approximately one-third of disease-related deaths globally. Current therapies fail to cure fibrosis, emphasizing the need to identify new antifibrotic approaches. Fibrosis is defined by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and resultant stiffening of tissue stroma.

Mechanisms and rationales of SAM homeostasis.

S-Adenosylmethionine (SAM) is the primary methyl donor for numerous cellular methylation reactions. Its central role in methylation and involvement with many pathways link its availability to the regulation of cellular processes, the dysregulation of which can contribute to disease states, such as cancer or neurodegeneration. Emerging evidence indicates that intracellular SAM levels are maintained within an optimal range by a variety of homeostatic mechanisms.

Ion mobility spectrometry and ion mobility-mass spectrometry in clinical chemistry.

Advancements in clinical chemistry have major implications in terms of public health, prompting many clinicians to seek out chemical information to aid in diagnoses and treatments. While mass spectrometry (MS) and hyphenated-MS techniques such as LC-MS or tandem MS/MS have long been the analytical methods of choice for many clinical applications, these methods routinely demonstrate difficulty in differentiating between isomeric forms in complex matrices. Consequently, ion mobility spectrometry (IM), which differentiates molecules on the basis of size, shape, and charge, has demonstrated unique advantages in the broad application of stand-alone IM and hyphenated IM instruments towards clinical challenges.

Biochemical study and digestion profile of olive oil by LipBK: Revealing the potential applications of a new acid/broad thermal range true lipase.

This study characterized a novel bacterial lipase with high biotechnological potential, focusing on industrial and environmental applications. Bacterial isolates were screened using olive oil as a substrate, and the strain with the highest hydrolytic halo was identified as Burkholderia sp. via 16S rRNA analysis.

Dissection of type 2 diabetes: a genetic perspective.

Diabetes is a leading cause of global mortality and disability, and its economic burden is substantial. This Review focuses on type 2 diabetes, which makes up 90-95% of all diabetes cases. Type 2 diabetes involves a progressive loss of insulin secretion often alongside insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome.

Development of multifunctional fluorescence-emitting potential theranostic agents for Alzheimer's disease.

The cholinergic deficits and amyloid beta (Aβ) aggregation are the mainstream simultaneously observed pathologies during the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Deposited Aβ plaques are considered to be the primary pathological hallmarks of AD and are contemplated as promising diagnostic biomarker. Herein, a series of novel theranostic agents were designed, synthesised and evaluated against cholinesterase (ChEs) enzymes and detection of Aβ species, which are major targets for development of therapeutics for AD.

Expanding the practice placement capacity in pre-registration midwifery education: A scoping review.

Background: Practice placements are an essential component of midwifery education, enabling students to apply their theoretical knowledge in a real-world midwifery setting. Exposure and immersion to practice is a core focus of midwifery education internationally. These placements are crucial for students to develop the skills and expertise needed to become safe, competent, and compassionate midwife practitioners.

A systematic analysis of the literature on the post-COVID-19 condition in Latin America focusing on epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and risk of bias.

This analysis article aimed to identify and analyze all articles published on the post-COVID-19 condition in Latin America and the Caribbean, focusing on epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and risk of bias. We did a systematic survey of the literature with broad inclusion criteria. The only exclusion criteria were articles referring to post-acute COVID-19 sequelae after an intensive care unit stay, which we distinguish from the post-COVID-19 condition.

Protocol for mitochondrial variant enrichment from single-cell RNA sequencing using MAESTER.

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) enables detailed characterization of cell states but often lacks insights into tissue clonal structures. Here, we present a protocol to probe cell states and clonal information simultaneously by enriching mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants from 3'-barcoded full-length cDNA. We describe steps for input library preparation, mtDNA enrichment, PCR product cleanup, and paired-end sequencing.

Recent Advances in Electrolytes for Nonaqueous Lithium-Oxygen Batteries.

This paper emphasizes the critical role of electrolyte selection in enhancing the electrochemical performance of nonaqueous Li-O batteries (LOBs). It provides a comprehensive overview of various electrolyte types and their effects on the electrochemical performance for LOBs, offering insights for future electrolyte screening and design. Despite recent advancements, current electrolyte systems exhibit inadequate stability, necessitating the urgent quest for an ideal nonaqueous electrolyte.

Preparation of a Self-Assembled Nanoantiviral Pesticide with Strong Adhesion Performance for Efficiency Control of Destructive .

In this context, we reported for the first time the design and development of a self-assembled nanoantiviral pesticide based on the star polycation (SPc) and the broad-spectrum fungicide/antiviral agent seboctylamine for field control of (SMV), a highly destructive plant virus in soybean crops. The SPc could self-assemble with seboctylamine through hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces, and the complexation with SPc reduced the particle size of seboctylamine to form a spherical seboctylamine/SPc complex. In addition, the contact angle of seboctylamine decreased, and its retention increased with the aid of SPc, indicating excellent wetting properties and strong leaf surface adhesion performance.

Canada and the Netherlands: Rhetoric versus Reality in the Evolution of Solidarity Underpinning Universal Health Coverage.

Since the mid-twentieth century, the shared goal of healthcare systems of Canada and the Netherlands has been to achieve broad healthcare access and coverage for citizens despite their health system differences. However, the rhetoric of "state" control in Canada and "market" control in the Netherlands belies very different realities in both countries. A longer historical perspective uncovers the discrepancies between the rhetoric and reality of solidarity that has emerged - and still exists - in both countries.

Rapid visual detection of hepatitis E virus combining reverse transcription recombinase-aided amplification with lateral flow dipstick and real-time fluorescence.

Unlabelled: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a globally prevalent zoonotic pathogen that is primarily spread through the fecal-oral route, such as by consuming undercooked or contaminated pork. HEV infection leads to an estimated 3.3 million symptomatic cases of viral hepatitis and 70,000 deaths in human populations each year.