Hypereosinophilia and Hypereosinophilic Syndromes: First Findings From a Nationwide Multicenter Cohort.

Background: Hypereosinophilic syndromes (HES) are a heterogenous group of eosinophilic disorders. To date, only retrospective studies of limited sample-size and/or follow-up duration are available.

Methods: The COHESion study is a national prospective multicenter multidisciplinary cohort recruiting both adults or children with the spectrum of eosinophilic disorders (including reactive HE/HES [HE/HES-R], idiopathic HES [HES-I], lymphocytic HES [HES-L], neoplastic HE/HES [HE/HES-N], HE of unknown significance [HE-US], as well as IgG4-related disease [IgG4RD] or ANCA-negative eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis [EGPA] overlaps).

Epidemiological and genetic characteristics of clinical carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales isolates from Batna hospitals in Algeria.

Background: Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales isolates are associated with significant mortality and have emerged as a major problem in healthcare settings worldwide.

Objective: Our aim was to investigate the epidemiological and genotypic characteristics of carbapenemase-positive Enterobacterales isolates from patients hospitalised in three hospitals in the city of Batna, Algeria.

Methods: Between 2016 and 2019, a total of 5,316 clinical isolates were obtained.

Risk factors and influence of surgical technique on the risk of caesarean scar defect formation: A systematic review of the literature.

Objective: To determine the factors associated with an increased risk of cesarean scar defect formation.

Methods: A systematic literature search was performed up to July 2022 in PubMed databases following the PRISMA recommendations. All available English-language clinical studies presenting one or more factors that may affect the risk of cesarean scar defect were included.

Management of immunosuppression in lung transplant recipients and COVID-19 outcomes: an observational retrospective cohort-study.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of immunosuppression management on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes.

Methods: We performed a single-center retrospective study in a cohort of 358 lung transplant recipients (LTx) over the period from March 2020 to April 2022. All included symptomatic patients had at least one positive SARS-CoV-2 rt-PCR.

Interest of thoracic ultrasound after cardiac surgery or interventional cardiology.

Thoracic ultrasound has attracted much interest in detecting pleural effusion or pulmonary consolidation after cardiac surgery. In 2016, Trovato reported, in the , the interest of using, in addition to echocardiography, thoracic ultrasound. In this editorial, we highlight the value of assessing diaphragm function after cardiac surgery and interventional cardiology procedures.

Features of cryptococcosis among 652 HIV-seronegative individuals in France: a cross-sectional observational study (2005-2020).

Objectives: We aimed to describe features and outcomes of cryptococcosis among HIV-seronegative individuals in a large surveillance network for cryptococcosis in France.

Methods: We included incident cases of cryptococcosis in HIV-seronegative individuals from 2005 to 2020. We compared patient characteristics, disease presentations, cryptococcal antigen results, and induction antifungal treatments according to underlying disease.

Etiology of Acute Febrile Illnesses in Adults in the Defense Community in French Guiana.

In tropical countries, acute febrile illnesses represent a complex clinical problem for general practitioners. We describe the prevalence of different etiologies of acute febrile illnesses occurring among French service members and their families, excluding children, in general practice in French Guiana. From June 2017 to March 2020, patients with a fever ≥37.

Infections Differ Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Seropositive and HIV-Seronegative Individuals: Results From a Nationwide Surveillance Program in France.

Among 1107 cryptococcosis cases from the French surveillance network (2005-2020), the proportion of HIV-seronegative individuals has recently surpassed that of HIV-seropositive individuals. We observed marked differences in patient characteristics, disease presentations, cryptococcal antigen results, infecting species, and mortality according to HIV serostatus.

Arthropod-Borne Viruses in Mauritania: A Literature Review.

During the past four decades, recurrent outbreaks of various arthropod-borne viruses have been reported in Mauritania. This review aims to consolidate the current knowledge on the epidemiology of the major arboviruses circulating in Mauritania. Online databases including PubMed and Web of Science were used to retrieve relevant published studies.

The DNA-binding induced (de)AMPylation activity of a Coxiella burnetii Fic enzyme targets Histone H3.

The intracellular bacterial pathogen Coxiella burnetii evades the host response by secreting effector proteins that aid in establishing a replication-friendly niche. Bacterial filamentation induced by cyclic AMP (Fic) enzymes can act as effectors by covalently modifying target proteins with the posttranslational AMPylation by transferring adenosine monophosphate (AMP) from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to a hydroxyl-containing side chain. Here we identify the gene product of C.

Femoro-Popliteal Bypass Infection: A Case Report.

Cardiovascular infections are the most severe and potentially lethal among the persistent focalized infections. While aortic infections on aneurysms or prostheses are well-known, with specific complications (risk of fatal rupture), new non-aortic vascular infections are increasingly being described thanks to the emerging use of 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (F-FDG PET-scan). Here, we describe an infection of a femoro-popliteal bypass that would not have been diagnosed without the use of PET-scan.

COVID-19 in 16 West African Countries: An Assessment of the Epidemiology and Genetic Diversity of SARS-CoV-2 after Four Epidemic Waves.

West Africa faced the COVID-19 pandemic in early March 2020 and, as of March 31, 2022, had more than 900,000 confirmed cases and more than 12,000 deaths. During this period, SARS-CoV-2 genomes evolved genetically, resulting in the emergence of distinct lineages. This review was conducted to provide the epidemiological profile of COVID-19, the mutational profile of SARS-CoV-2, and the dynamics of its lineages in the 16 west African countries by analyzing data from 33 studies and seven situation reports.

Cultivation of Asexual Intraerythrocytic Stages of .

Successfully developed in 1976, the continuous in vitro culture of has many applications in the field of malaria research. It has become an important experimental model that directly uses a human pathogen responsible for a high prevalence of morbidity and mortality in many parts of the world and is a major source of biological material for immunological, biochemical, molecular, and pharmacological studies. Until present, the basic techniques described by Trager and Jensen and Haynes et al.

Vimentin: from a cytoskeletal protein to a critical modulator of immune response and a target for infection.

Vimentin is an intermediate filament protein that plays a role in cell processes, including cell migration, cell shape and plasticity, or organelle anchorage. However, studies from over the last quarter-century revealed that vimentin can be expressed at the cell surface and even secreted and that its implications in cell physiology largely exceed structural and cytoskeletal functions. Consequently, vimentin contributes to several pathophysiological conditions such as cancer, autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, or infection.

Identification and Characterization of an HtrA Sheddase Produced by .

Having previously shown that soluble E-cadherin (sE-cad) is found in sera of Q fever patients and that infection of BeWo cells by leads to modulation of the E-cad/β-cat pathway, our purpose was to identify which sheddase(s) might catalyze the cleavage of E-cad. Here, we searched for a direct mechanism of cleavage initiated by the bacterium itself, assuming the possible synthesis of a sheddase encoded in the genome of or an indirect mechanism based on the activation of a human sheddase. Using a straightforward bioinformatics approach to scan the complete genomes of four laboratory strains of , we demonstrate that encodes a 451 amino acid sheddase (CbHtrA) belonging to the HtrA family that is differently expressed according to the bacterial virulence.