Molecular surface-dependent light harvesting and photo charge separation in plant-derived carbon quantum dots for visible-light-driven OH radical generation for remediation of aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants and real wastewater.

Despite the growing emphasis on eco-friendly nanomaterials as energy harvesters, scientists are actively searching for metal-free photocatalysts to be used in environmental remediation strategies. Developing renewable resource-based carbon quantum dots (CQDs) as the sole photocatalyst to harvest visible light for efficient pollutant degradation is crucial yet challenging, particularly for addressing the escalating issue of water deterioration. Moreover, the photocatalytic decomposition of HO under visible light irradiation remains an arduous task.

Dopant-driven recombination delay and ROS enhancement in nanoporous CdCuS heterogeneous photocatalyst for the degradation of DR-23 dye under visible light irradiation.

Developing an efficient heterogeneous photocatalyst for environmental remediation and treatment strategies using visible light harvesting processes is promising but challenging. Herein, CdCuS materials have been synthesized and characterized by precise analytical tools. CdCuS materials exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity for direct Red 23 (DR-23) dye degradation in visible light irradiation.

Sustainable synthesis of biomass-derived carbon quantum dots and their catalytic application for the assessment of α,β-unsaturated compounds.

Herein, we demonstrate a simple, reproducible, and environment-friendly strategy for the synthesis of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) utilizing the mango () kernel as a renewable green carbon source. Various analytical tools characterized the as-prepared CQDs. These fluorescent CQDs showed significant water solubility with a uniform size of about 6 nm.

Looking for a perfect match: multimodal combinations of Raman spectroscopy for biomedical applications.

Raman spectroscopy has shown very promising results in medical diagnostics by providing label-free and highly specific molecular information of pathological tissue ex vivo and in vivo. Nevertheless, the high specificity of Raman spectroscopy comes at a price, i.e.

In-vivo Raman spectroscopy: from basics to applications.

For more than two decades, Raman spectroscopy has found widespread use in biological and medical applications. The instrumentation and the statistical evaluation procedures have matured, enabling the lengthy transition from ex-vivo demonstration to in-vivo examinations. This transition goes hand-in-hand with many technological developments and tightly bound requirements for a successful implementation in a clinical environment, which are often difficult to assess for novice scientists in the field.

Initial state training procedure improves dynamic recurrent networks with time-dependent weights.

The problem of learning multiple continuous trajectories by means of recurrent neural networks with (in general) time-varying weights is addressed. The learning process is transformed into an optimal control framework where both the weights and the initial network state to be found are treated as controls. For such a task, a learning algorithm is proposed which is based on a variational formulation of Pontryagin's maximum principle.

Training trajectories by continuous recurrent multilayer networks.

This paper addresses the problem of training trajectories by means of continuous recurrent neural networks whose feedforward parts are multilayer perceptrons. Such networks can approximate a general nonlinear dynamic system with arbitrary accuracy. The learning process is transformed into an optimal control framework where the weights are the controls to be determined.

Model-related analysis of EEG burst patterns in sedated patients.

A model-related analysis approach was introduced to study amplitude-frequency dependencies within and between EEG frequency components. An oscillator network was used to model EEG burst patterns of sedated patients during encephalographic burst-suppression periods (BSP). The parameter set of the oscillator network was determined for a set of bursts during BSP.

Autonomic Information Flow during awakeness, sleep, and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome assessed by mutual information function of heart rate fluctuations.

The Autonomic Information Flow (AIF) represents the complex communication within the autonomic nervous system (ANS). It can be assessed by the mutual information function (MIF) of heart rate fluctuations (HRF). AIF represented by HRF is based on several interacting physiological mechanisms operating at different time scales.

[Follow-up in kidney transplantation. Which complications are likely?].

Kidney transplantations are being performed in every increasing numbers, and, in addition to specialist centres, nephrologists, general practitioners and urologists are more frequently being involved in the provision of aftercare. The major urological complications seen after transplantation include ureteral stenosis and necrosis, incontinence and impotence, lymphoceles, arterial stenosis, infections of the urinary tract and adnexa, as well as--the most serious complication--malignant tumours. In addition, the immunosuppression required by these patients is often associated with secondary disorders such as hypertension, steroid-related diabetes, hyperlipidemia and infections.

Antisense-RNA regulation and RNA interference.

For a long time, RNA has been merely regarded as a molecule that can either function as a messenger (mRNA) or as part of the translational machinery (tRNA, rRNA). Meanwhile, it became clear that RNAs are versatile molecules that do not only play key roles in many important biological processes like splicing, editing, protein export and others, but can also--like enzymes--act catalytically. Two important aspects of RNA function--antisense-RNA control and RNA interference (RNAi)--are emphasized in this review.

Structure optimization of neural networks with the A*-algorithm.

A method for the construction of optimal structures for feedforward neural networks is introduced. On the basis of a construction of a graph of network structures and an evaluation value which is assigned to each of them, an heuristic search algorithm can be installed on this graph. The application of the A*-algorithm ensures, in theory, both the optimality of the solution and the optimality of the search.

Detection of fos, jun and ras in newly-diagnosed childhood acute lymphoblastic-leukemia by immunocytochemistry and PCR.

The expression of the oncogenes c-fos, c-jun and c-pan-ras was analyzed at the protein level in newly diagnosed cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children. Blast cells obtained from 104 children with untreated ALL were determined by the streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase method and specific antibodies. Of the ALL 52 cases were positive for Fos (50%), 65 for Jun (63%), and 22 for Ras (21%).

Prognostic-significance of protein-kinase-C in newly-diagnosed childhood acute lymphoblastic-leukemia.

The expression of protein kinase C (PKC) was analysed in newly diagnosed cases of non-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia (NB-ALL) in children. Blast cells obtained from 104 children with untreated NB-ALL were analysed using the streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase method and the antibody MC5. Of the 104 patients with NB-ALL, 48 (=46%) showed positive staining for PKC.

Vasoactive-intestinal-Peptide (vip) modulates early events of migration in human keratinocytes.

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) has been shown to affect the proliferative activity of human keratinocytes in vitro. In our present study, we investigated whether VIP affects early events of keratinocyte migration, i.e.