Donor-Derived Cell-Free DNA as a Companion Biomarker for AMR Treatment With Daratumumab: Case Series.

Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) is among the most frequent causes for graft loss after kidney transplantation. While there are no approved therapies, several case reports with daratumumab and the very recent phase 2 trial of felzartamab in AMR have indicated the potential efficacy of therapeutic interventions targeting CD38. Donor-derived cell-free DNA (dd-cfDNA) is an emerging biomarker with injury-specific release and a short half-life, which could facilitate early diagnosis of AMR and monitoring of treatment response.

Bottom Contact Engineering for Ambient Fabrication of >25% Durable Perovskite Solar Cells.

The bottom contact in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is easy to cause deep trap states and severe instability issues, especially under maximum power point tracking (MPPT). In this study, sodium gluconate (SG) is employed to disperse tin oxide (SnO) nanoparticles (NPs) and regulate the interface contact at the buried interface. The SG-SnO electron transfer layer (ETL) enabled the deposition of pinhole-free perovskite films in ambient air and improved interface contact by bridging effect.

Gastric cancer prevention by community eradication of Helicobacter pylori: a cluster-randomized controlled trial.

Gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in China. Affecting more than 40% of the world's population, Helicobacter pylori is a major risk factor for gastric cancer. While previous clinical trials indicated that eradication of H.

Survival and plasticity in Acacia saligna growth across Contrasting management practices and growing niches.

Reforestation and afforestation either through natural regeneration, tree planting or both methods have been globally promoted to motivate ecological restoration of degraded lands and to improve livelihoods. However, moisture stress and infertile soils limit the survival and growth of trees planted for restoration in drier areas. Hence, understanding the factors that determine the restoration success of drylands through tree planting is critical.

Prognostic impact of selection criteria of current adjuvant endocrine therapy trials NATALEE and monarchE in postmenopausal HRpos/HER2neg breast cancer patients treated with upfront letrozole.

Background: The monarchE and NATALEE trials demonstrated the benefit of CDK4/6 inhibitor (CDK4/6i) therapy in adjuvant breast cancer (BC) treatment. Patient selection, based on clinical characteristics, delineated those at high (monarchE) and high/intermediate recurrence risk (NATALEE). This study employed a historical patient cohort to describe the proportion and prognosis of patients eligible for adjuvant CDK4/6i trials.

Synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular docking of novel 1,3,4-substituted-thiadiazole derivatives as potential anticancer agent.

In an attempt to develop potent anti-cancer agents, a new 1,3,4-substituted-thiadiazole derivatives (8b-g), starting from 4-substituted-thiazol-2-chloroacetamides (4b-g), were synthesized and evaluated for their cytotoxic effects on multiple human cancer cell lines, including the hepatocellular carcinoma (HEPG-2), human lung carcinoma (A549), human breast carcinoma (MCF-7) and pseudo-normal human embryonic liver (L02) cancer cell lines by an MTT assay. Among all synthesized compounds, compound 8d showed the potent anti-cancer activities with GI values of 2.98, 2.

Pharmacodynamic Effect of mTOR Inhibition-based Immunosuppressive Therapy on T- and B-cell Subsets After Renal Transplantation.

Background: The mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor (mTORi) therapy after kidney transplantation is solely monitored pharmacokinetically, not necessarily reflecting PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway blockade efficacy leading to potential under-or overimmunosuppression.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, phosphoflow cytometry was used to determine the efficacy of mTOR inhibition in peripheral T- and B-lymphocyte subsets by assessing p70S6 kinase (p70S6K) phosphorylation in renal transplant recipients upon treatment with a combination of either mTORi and calcineurin inhibitors (n = 18), or mTORi with mycophenolic acid (n = 9). Nine dialysis patients with end-stage renal disease and 17 healthy age-matched volunteers served as controls.

Longitudinal relations of prematurity and fetal growth restrictions with hyperactivity/inattention and aggression/delinquency.

Background: It is the aim of this study to analyze the longitudinal relationship between premature birth and low birth weight and the reciprocal influence between hyperactive/inattentive behavior and aggressive/delinquent behavior problems in children from early to late childhood.

Methods: This study contains data from the German Erlangen-Nuremberg Development and Prevention Study. It applies prospective longitudinal path analyses on data obtained from postnatal pediatric assessments as well as later psychosocial behavior assessments by teachers and parents on N = 667 children, out of which n = 83 children (12.

Immunosuppression with cyclosporine versus tacrolimus shows distinctive nephrotoxicity profiles within renal compartments.

Aim: Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) are the backbone for immunosuppression after solid organ transplantation. Although successful in preventing kidney transplant rejection, their nephrotoxic side effects contribute to allograft injury. Renal parenchymal lesions occur for cyclosporine A (CsA) as well as for the currently favored tacrolimus (Tac).

Incidental findings are frequent in shoulder CT and MRI scans and increase with age.

Objectives: CT and MRI scans of the shoulder can lead to the identification of incidental findings (IF), which can have a major impact on the further treatment of the patient. The aim of this retrospective study was to record the prevalence of IF, incidentalomas (IT) and malignant IT for CT and MRI examinations of the shoulder and to investigate the effect of patient characteristics on the statistical occurrence of IF, IT and malignant IT.

Materials And Methods: A total of 903 shoulder examinations (415 CT, 488 MRI) were retrospectively analyzed for the presence of IF, subsequently categorized (harmless IF, IT requiring clarification, malignant IT) and analyzed regarding patient characteristics.

The WERA cancer center matrix: Strategic management of patient access to precision oncology in a large and mostly rural area of Germany.

Purpose: Providing patient access to precision oncology (PO) is a major challenge of clinical oncologists. Here, we provide an easily transferable model from strategic management science to assess the outreach of a cancer center.

Methods: As members of the German WERA alliance, the cancer centers in Würzburg, Erlangen, Regensburg and Augsburg merged care data regarding their geographical impact.

Advancements in diagnosing oral potentially malignant disorders: leveraging Vision transformers for multi-class detection.

Objectives: Diagnosing oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) is critical to prevent oral cancer. This study aims to automatically detect and classify the most common pre-malignant oral lesions, such as leukoplakia and oral lichen planus (OLP), and distinguish them from oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) and healthy oral mucosa on clinical photographs using vision transformers.

Methods: 4,161 photographs of healthy mucosa, leukoplakia, OLP, and OSCC were included.

Exosomal ROR1 in peritoneal fluid identifies peritoneal disseminated PDAC and is associated with poor survival.

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest forms of cancer and peritoneal dissemination is one major cause for this poor prognosis. Exosomes have emerged as promising biomarkers for gastrointestinal cancers and can be found in all kinds of bodily fluids, also in peritoneal fluid (PF). This is a unique sample due to its closeness to gastrointestinal malignancies.

Concurrent RB1 Loss and BRCA Deficiency Predicts Enhanced Immunologic Response and Long-term Survival in Tubo-ovarian High-grade Serous Carcinoma.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate RB1 expression and survival across ovarian carcinoma histotypes and how co-occurrence of BRCA1 or BRCA2 (BRCA) alterations and RB1 loss influences survival in tubo-ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC).

Experimental Design: RB1 protein expression was classified by immunohistochemistry in ovarian carcinomas of 7,436 patients from the Ovarian Tumor Tissue Analysis consortium. We examined RB1 expression and germline BRCA status in a subset of 1,134 HGSC, and related genotype to overall survival (OS), tumor-infiltrating CD8+ lymphocytes, and transcriptomic subtypes.

Increase in choroidal thickness after blue light stimulation of the blind spot in young adults.

Background: Blue light activates melanopsin, a photopigment that is expressed in intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs). The axons of ipRGCs converge on the optic disc, which corresponds to the physiological blind spot in the visual field. Thus, a blue light stimulus aligned with the blind spot captures the ipRGCs axons at the optic disc.