Australian sexually transmitted infection (STI) management guidelines for use in primary care 2022 update.

The 'Australian Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) Management Guidelines For Use In Primary Care' (www.sti.guidelines.

Bowel management post major joint arthroplasty: A randomised controlled trial to test two pre-admission bowel regimens.

Background: The length of stay for patients undergoing joint arthroplasty has reduced but there is a paucity of knowledge relating to bowel management within this enhanced recovery framework.

Aim: The study's primary aim was to determine which of two dosage regimens of macrogol (Movicol®) commenced pre-operatively is most effective in facilitating a return to normal bowel function.

Procedure: Ninety-one eligible patients were randomised to one of three groups: 1) commence macrogol one sachet in the morning for two days prior to surgery; 2) commence macrogol one sachet, morning and evening of the day prior to surgery; or 3) control group.

Preoperative planning for redirective, periacetabular osteotomies.

Redirective, periacetabular osteotomies (PAO) represent a group of surgical procedures for treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in skeletally mature and immature patients. The ultimate goal of all procedures is to reduce symptoms, improve function and delay or prevent progression of osteoarthritis. During the last two decades, the understanding of the underlying pathomechanisms has continuously evolved.

Divergent Inflammatory, Fibrogenic, and Liver Progenitor Cell Dynamics in Two Common Mouse Models of Chronic Liver Injury.

Complications of end-stage chronic liver disease signify a major cause of mortality worldwide. Irrespective of the underlying cause, most chronic liver diseases are characterized by hepatocellular necrosis, inflammation, fibrosis, and proliferation of liver progenitor cells or ductular reactions. Vast differences exist between experimental models that mimic these processes, and their identification is fundamental for translational research.

Association between serum hepcidin-25 and primary resistance to erythropoiesis-stimulating agents in chronic kidney disease: a secondary analysis of the HERO trial.

Background: Pentoxifylline has been shown to increase haemoglobin levels in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and erythropoietin-stimulating agent (ESA)-hyporesponsive anaemia in the Handling Erythropoietin Resistance with Oxpentifylline multicentre double-blind, randomized controlled trial. The present sub-study evaluated the effects of pentoxifylline on the iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin in patients with ESA-hyporesponsive CKD.

Methods: This sub-study included 13 patients in the pentoxifylline arm (400 mg daily) and 13 in the matched placebo arm.

Excessive alcohol consumption increases mortality in later life: a genetic analysis of the health in men cohort study.

We designed this cohort study of men aged 70-89 years to determine if excessive alcohol use increases mortality. They reported history of alcohol use (never, past, ≤ two daily drinks, two to four daily drinks, four to six daily drinks, > six daily drinks) and donated a blood sample in 2001-2004. We determined the ADH1B rs1229984 G>A polymorphism and retrieved mortality data from the Western Australian Data Linkage System.

"Men's health--a little in the shadow": a formative evaluation of medical curriculum enhancement with men's health teaching and learning.

Background: Enhancing a medical school curriculum with new men's health teaching and learning requires an understanding of the local capacity and the facilitators and barriers to implementing new content, and an approach that accommodates the systemic and cultural differences between medical schools.

Methods: A formative evaluation was undertaken to determine the perspectives of key informants (academics, curriculum developers) from four Australian medical schools about the strategies needed to enhance their curriculum with men's health teaching and learning. Through semi-structured questioning with 17 key informants, interviewees also described the contextual barriers and facilitators to incorporating new topic areas into existing curriculum.

Association between the Advanced Glycosylation End Product-Specific Receptor Gene and Cardiovascular Death in Older Men.

Advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor (AGER) signaling has been implicated in atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether a common genetic variation in the AGER gene is associated with cardiovascular (CV) death. We included 1304 older men who were genotyped for rs1035798:C>T, which is a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) mapped to the third intron of AGER.

Higher serum testosterone and dihydrotestosterone, but not oestradiol, are independently associated with favourable indices of lung function in community-dwelling men.

Objectives: Lower circulating androgens and poorer lung function are associated with increased cardiovascular risk and mortality in men. The association between androgens and lung function is unclear. We tested the hypothesis that circulating testosterone (T) and its metabolites dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and oestradiol (E2) are differentially associated with lung function in men.

Effects of testosterone treatment on glucose metabolism and symptoms in men with type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials.

Context: The effects of testosterone treatment on glucose metabolism and other outcomes in men with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and/or the metabolic syndrome are controversial.

Objective: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of placebo-controlled double-blind randomized controlled clinical trials (RCT) of testosterone treatment in men with T2D and/or the metabolic syndrome.

Data Sources: A systematic search of RCTs was conducted using Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Register of controlled trials from inception to July 2014 followed by a manual review of the literature.

Diabetes, myocardial infarction and stroke are distinct and duration-dependent predictors of subsequent cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in older men.

Context: The impact of older age and duration of diabetes mellitus on macrovascular complications is unclear.

Objective: We tested the hypothesis that in older men, diabetes duration predicts incident cardiovascular events and death, differently from prior myocardial infarction (MI) or stroke.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This was a longitudinal cohort study of 11 728 community-dwelling men aged ≥ 65 years in Perth, Western Australia, recruited in 1996-1999.

Higher serum undercarboxylated osteocalcin and other bone turnover markers are associated with reduced diabetes risk and lower estradiol concentrations in older men.

Context: In mice, undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC) modulates insulin secretion and sensitivity and increases testosterone (T) secretion from Leydig cells, but human data are lacking. We hypothesized that ucOC is associated with diabetes risk and modulates sex hormone concentrations in older men, distinct from other bone turnover markers.

Participants: PARTICIPANTS were community-dwelling men aged 70 to 89 years resident in Perth, Western Australia.

In older men, higher plasma testosterone or dihydrotestosterone is an independent predictor for reduced incidence of stroke but not myocardial infarction.

Context: Older men have lower T levels, but whether differences in circulating T or its metabolites dihydrotestosterone (DHT) or estradiol (E2) contribute to cardiovascular disease remains controversial.

Objective: We tested the hypothesis that plasma T, DHT, and E2 are differentially associated with the incidence of myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke in older men.

Participants And Methods: Plasma total T, DHT, and E2 were assayed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in early-morning samples from 3690 community-dwelling men aged 70-89 years.

Hormonal changes and their impact on cognition and mental health of ageing men.

Demographic changes resulting in ageing of the world's population have major implications for health. As men grow older, circulating levels of the principal androgen or male sex hormone testosterone (T) decline, while the prevalence of ill-health increases. Observational studies in middle-aged and older men have shown associations between lower levels of T and poorer mental health in older men, including worse cognitive performance, dementia and presence of depressive symptoms.