Improving sampling of crystallographic disorder in ensemble refinement.

Ensemble refinement, the application of molecular dynamics to crystallographic refinement, explicitly models the disorder inherent in macromolecular structures. These ensemble models have been shown to produce more accurate structures than traditional single-model structures. However, suboptimal sampling of the molecular-dynamics simulation and modelling of crystallographic disorder has limited the utility of the method, and can lead to unphysical and strained models.

The (Null) Effects of Happiness on Affective Polarization, Conspiracy Endorsement, and Deep Fake Recognition: Evidence from Five Survey Experiments in Three Countries.

Unlabelled: Affective polarization is a key concern in America and other democracies. Although past evidence suggests some ways to minimize it, there are no easily applicable interventions that have been found to work in the increasingly polarized climate. This project examines whether irrelevant factors, or incidental happiness more specifically, have the power to reduce affective polarization (i.

Discover Your Inner Strength: A Positive Psychological Approach to Bolster Resilience and Address Radicalization.

The article reports initial attempts to evaluate a new positive psychological approach to bolster resilience among Muslims in the Netherlands. The approach uses Quranic texts and principles from mental contrasting and implementation intentions (MCII) to encourage Muslims in the Netherlands to reflect in groups on appropriate responses to challenges they are facing. The participants are inspired by Quranic texts and encouraged to write responses to specific challenges in the form of IF-THEN rules and to practice these IF-THEN rules for several weeks.

Retrospective analysis of serum testosterone levels by LC-MS/MS in chemically castrated prostate cancer patients: Biological variation and analytical performance specifications.

Background: A sensitive liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was used to monitor serum testosterone levels in castrated prostate cancer patients. We subsequently performed an observational and retrospective study to estimate the within- and between-subject biological variation of these patients.

Methods: In total, 474 samples from 72 prostate cancer patients in the Netherlands receiving either chemical castration (CAS) or castration plus enzalutamide (ENZA) treatment were selected for data analysis.

Evaluating the safety of two human experimental intestinal ischemia reperfusion models: A retrospective observational study.

Background: We developed a jejunal and colonic experimental human ischemia-reperfusion (IR) model to study pathophysiological intestinal IR mechanisms and potential new intestinal ischemia biomarkers. Our objective was to evaluate the safety of these IR models by comparing patients undergoing surgery with and without in vivo intestinal IR.

Methods: A retrospective study was performed comparing complication rates and severity, based on the Clavien-Dindo classification system, in patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy with (n = 10) and without (n = 20 matched controls) jejunal IR or colorectal surgery with (n = 10) and without (n = 20 matched controls) colon IR.

Salivary Biomarkers for Dental Caries Detection and Personalized Monitoring.

This study investigated the potential of salivary bacterial and protein markers for evaluating the disease status in healthy individuals or patients with gingivitis or caries. Saliva samples from caries- and gingivitis-free individuals ( = 18), patients with gingivitis ( = 17), or patients with deep caries lesions ( = 38) were collected and analyzed for 44 candidate biomarkers (cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, matrix metalloproteinases, a metallopeptidase inhibitor, proteolytic enzymes, and selected oral bacteria). The resulting data were subjected to principal component analysis and used as a training set for random forest (RF) modeling.

Sympathetic nerve distribution in human lymph nodes.

Various lymph node functions are regulated by the sympathetic nervous system as shown in rodent studies. If human lymph nodes show a comparable neural regulation, their afferent nerves could represent a potential therapeutic target to treat, for example, infectious or autoimmune disease. Little information is available on human lymph node innervation and the aim of this study is to establish a comprehensive and accurate representation of the presence and location of sympathetic nerves in human lymph nodes.

Predicting outcome in children with dilated cardiomyopathy: the use of repeated measurements of risk factors for outcome.

Aims: We aimed to determine whether in children with dilated cardiomyopathy repeated measurement of known risk factors for death or heart transplantation (HTx) during disease progression can identify children at the highest risk for adverse outcome.

Methods And Results: Of 137 children we included in a prospective cohort, 36 (26%) reached the study endpoint (SE: all-cause death or HTx), 15 (11%) died at a median of 0.09 years [inter-quartile range (IQR) 0.

Control of septum thickness by the curvature of SepF polymers.

Gram-positive bacteria divide by forming a thick cross wall. How the thickness of this septal wall is controlled is unknown. In this type of bacteria, the key cell division protein FtsZ is anchored to the cell membrane by two proteins, FtsA and/or SepF.

Reintroducing Consciousness in Psychopathology: Review of the Literature and Conceptual Framework.

Alterations in consciousness are among the most common transdiagnostic psychopathological symptoms. Therefore clinical practice would benefit from a clear conceptual framework that guides the recognition, comprehension, and treatment of consciousness disorders. However, contemporary psychopathology lacks such a framework.

Patch test results with the European baseline series and additions thereof in the ESSCA network, 2015-2018.

Background: Clinical surveillance of the prevalence of contact allergy in consecutively patch tested patients is a proven instrument to continually assess the importance of contact allergens (haptens) assembled in a baseline series.

Objectives: To present current results from the European Surveillance System on Contact Allergies, including 13 countries represented by 1 to 11 departments.

Methods: Anonymized or pseudonymized patch test and clinical data from various data capture systems used locally or nationally as transferred to the Erlangen data centre were pooled and descriptively analysed after quality control.

Morphological hallmarks facilitating distinction of omental milky spots and lymph nodes: an exploratory study on their discriminative capacity.

Background: Omental milky spots (OMSs) are the primary lymphoid structures of the greater omentum. However, the presence of lymph nodes (LNs) has occasionally been mentioned as well. Understanding which lymphoid structures are present is of significance, especially in gastric tumor metastasis; tumor deposits in omental LNs suggest local lymphatic spread, whereas tumor deposits in OMSs suggest peritoneal spread and hence extensive disease.

Formaldehyde 2% is not a useful means of detecting allergy to formaldehyde releasers- results of the ESSCA network, 2015-2018.

Background: Studies suggest that patch testing with formaldehyde releasers (FRs) gives significant additional information to formaldehyde 1% aq. and should be considered for addition to the European baseline series (EBS). It is not known if this is also true for formaldehyde 2% aq.

Event-related brain potentials reflect predictive coding of anticipated economic change.

Research has demonstrated the importance of economic forecasts for financial decisions at the aggregate economic level. However, little is known about the psychological and neurophysiological mechanisms that economic forecasts activate at the level of individual decision-making. In the present study, we used event-related brain potentials (ERPs) to test the hypothesis that economic forecasts influence individuals' internal model of the economy and their subsequent decision behavior.

Aripiprazole in youth with intellectual disabilities: A retrospective chart study.

A retrospective chart study of patients on open-label aripiprazole treatment was conducted in the Netherlands to add to the knowledge of aripiprazole in children and young adults with mild and borderline intellectual disabilities (IDs). Fifty-three youths, mean age 14.7 ± 3.

Future continental summer warming constrained by the present-day seasonal cycle of surface hydrology.

Present-day land temperatures simulated by state-of-the-art global climate models exhibit considerable uncertainty. Generally it is assumed that these temperature biases do not affect the projected warming in response to rising greenhouse gas concentrations (i.e.

A mobile application for panic disorder and agoraphobia: Insights from a multi-methods feasibility study.

Background: Panic disorder with and without agoraphobia (PD) is a common psychological disorder. Internet-based interventions have the potential to offer highly scalable low-threshold evidence-based care to people suffering from PD. GET.

Prevention of Occupational Diseases in Turkey: Deriving Lessons From Journey of Surveillance.

Introduction: To prevent and manage the societal and economic burden of occupational diseases (ODs), countries should develop strong prevention policies, health surveillance and registry systems. This study aims to contribute to the improvement of OD surveillance at national level as well as to identify priority actions in Turkey.

Methods: The history and current status of occupational health studies were considered from the perspective of OD surveillance.

SPS-neutralization in tissue samples for efficacy testing of antimicrobial peptides.

Background: Accurate determination of the efficacy of antimicrobial agents requires neutralization of residual antimicrobial activity in the samples before microbiological assessment of the number of surviving bacteria. Sodium polyanethol sulfonate (SPS) is a known neutralizer for the antimicrobial activity of aminoglycosides and polymyxins. In this study, we evaluated the ability of SPS to neutralize residual antimicrobial activity of antimicrobial peptides [SAAP-148 and pexiganan; 1% (wt/v) in PBS], antibiotics [mupirocin (Bactroban) and fusidic acid (Fucidin) in ointments; 2% (wt/wt))] and disinfectants [2% (wt/wt) silver sulfadiazine cream (SSD) and 0.

The impact of mindfulness-based interventions on doctors' well-being and performance: A systematic review.

Objectives: The well-being of doctors is at risk, as evidenced by high burnout rates amongst doctors around the world. Alarmingly, burned-out doctors are more likely to exhibit low levels of professionalism and provide suboptimal patient care. Research suggests that burnout and the well-being of doctors can be improved by mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs).

Episodic recognition memory based on incidental learning of visual associations is largely preserved compared to recall in amnestic mild cognitive impairment and mild Alzheimer's disease.

We investigated preserved episodic recognition memory based on incidental learning of visual associations in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In a cross-sectional design, we analyzed episodic memory score profiles of patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (a-MCI) ( = 42) or mild AD ( = 19) who had hippocampal atrophy, and healthy elderly controls ( = 43). The Visual Association Test-Extended served as a measure of episodic memory.

Potential factors contributing to the poor antimicrobial efficacy of SAAP-148 in a rat wound infection model.

Background: We investigated the efficacy of a synthetic antimicrobial peptide SAAP-148, which was shown to be effective against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) on tape-stripped mice skin. Unexpectedly, SAAP-148 was not effective against MRSA in our pilot study using rats with excision wounds. Therefore, we investigated factors that might have contributed to the poor efficacy of SAAP-148.

DMBT1 inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa twitching motility involves its N-glycosylation and cannot be conferred by the Scavenger Receptor Cysteine-Rich bacteria-binding peptide domain.

The scavenging capacity of glycoprotein DMBT1 helps defend mucosal epithelia against microbes. DMBT1 binding to multiple bacterial species involves its conserved Scavenger Receptor Cysteine-Rich (SRCR) domains, localized to a 16-mer consensus sequence peptide, SRCRP2. Previously, we showed that DMBT1 bound Pseudomonas aeruginosa pili, and inhibited twitching motility, a pilus-mediated movement important for virulence.

Salivary Total Protease Activity Based on a Broad-Spectrum Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer Approach to Monitor Induction and Resolution of Gingival Inflammation.

Objective: Salivary total protease and chitinase activities were measured by a broad-spectrum fluorescence resonance energy transfer approach as predictors of induction and resolution of gingival inflammation in healthy individuals by applying an experimental human gingivitis model.

Methods: Dental biofilm accumulated (21 days, Induction Phase) by omitting oral hygiene practices followed by a 2-week Resolution Phase to restore gingival health in an experimental gingivitis study. Plaque accumulation, as assessed by the Turesky Modification of the Quigley-Hein Plaque Index (TQHPI), and gingival inflammation, assessed using the Modified Gingival Index (MGI), scores were recorded and unstimulated saliva was collected weekly.