Review of preclinical data on hyperthermia treatment in lymphomas and its potential for clinical application.

Introduction: Hyperthermia (HT) at temperatures between 39 °C and 44 °C is utilized as an adjunctive cancer therapy, serving as potent radio- and chemosensitizer. Its effectiveness in treating solid malignancies has been well established. This raises the question of whether HT can also benefit patients with nonsolid tumors, such as lymphomas.

Association of an impaired GH-IGF-I axis with cardiac wasting in patients with advanced cancer.

Background: Growth hormone (GH) resistance is characterized by high GH levels but low levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and growth hormone binding protein (GHBP) and, for patients with chronic disease, is associated with the development of cachexia.

Objectives: We investigated whether GH resistance is associated with changes in left ventricular (LV) mass (cardiac wasting) in patients with cancer.

Methods: We measured plasma IGF-I, GH, and GHBP in 159 women and 148 men with cancer (83% stage III/IV).

Increased Expression of Proinflammatory Genes in Peripheral Blood Cells Is Associated with Cardiac Cachexia in Patients with Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction.

: Cardiac cachexia (CC) in chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is characterized by catabolism and inflammation predicting poor prognosis. Levels of responsible transcription factors like signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)1, STAT3, suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)1 and SOCS3 in peripheral blood cells (PBC) are underinvestigated in CC. Expression of mediators was related to patients' functional status, body composition (BC) and metabolic gene expression in skeletal muscle (SM).

Different Structures-Similar Effect: Do Substituted 5-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-1-indoles and 5-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-1-imidazoles Represent a Common Pharmacophore for Substrate Selective Inhibition of Linoleate Oxygenase Activity of ALOX15?

Mammalian 15-lipoxygenases (ALOX15) are lipid peroxidizing enzymes that exhibit variable functionality in different cancer and inflammation models. The pathophysiological role of linoleic acid- and arachidonic acid-derived ALOX15 metabolites rendered this enzyme a target for pharmacological research. Several indole and imidazole derivatives inhibit the catalytic activity of rabbit ALOX15 in a substrate-specific manner, but the molecular basis for this allosteric inhibition remains unclear.

Clinical and Prognostic Relevance of Cardiac Wasting in Patients With Advanced Cancer.

Background: Body wasting in patients with cancer can affect the heart.

Objectives: The frequency, extent, and clinical and prognostic importance of cardiac wasting in cancer patients is unknown.

Methods: This study prospectively enrolled 300 patients with mostly advanced, active cancer but without significant cardiovascular disease or infection.

Bitter taste signaling in tracheal epithelial brush cells elicits innate immune responses to bacterial infection.

Constant exposure of the airways to inhaled pathogens requires efficient early immune responses protecting against infections. How bacteria on the epithelial surface are detected and first-line protective mechanisms are initiated are not well understood. We have recently shown that tracheal brush cells (BCs) express functional taste receptors.

Extracellular vesicles and PD-L1 suppress macrophages, inducing therapy resistance in TP53-deficient B-cell malignancies.

Genetic alterations in the DNA damage response (DDR) pathway are a frequent mechanism of resistance to chemoimmunotherapy (CIT) in B-cell malignancies. We have previously shown that the synergy of CIT relies on secretory crosstalk elicited by chemotherapy between the tumor cells and macrophages. Here, we show that loss of multiple different members of the DDR pathway inhibits macrophage phagocytic capacity in vitro and in vivo.

A Chemerin Peptide Analog Stimulates Tumor Growth in Two Xenograft Mouse Models of Human Colorectal Carcinoma.

Background: Chemerin plasma concentration has been reported to be positively correlated with the risk of colorectal cancer. However, the potential regulation of CRC tumorigenesis and progression has not yet been investigated in an experimental setting. This study addresses this hypothesis by investigating proliferation, colony formation, and migration of CRC cell lines in vitro as well as in animal models.

Cardiogenic Shock After Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Review.

Importance: Cardiogenic shock affects between 40 000 and 50 000 people in the US per year and is the leading cause of in-hospital mortality following acute myocardial infarction.

Observations: Thirty-day mortality for patients with cardiogenic shock due to myocardial infarction is approximately 40%, and 1-year mortality approaches 50%. Immediate revascularization of the infarct-related coronary artery remains the only treatment for cardiogenic shock associated with acute myocardial infarction supported by randomized clinical trials.

IDH2 R172 Mutations Across Poorly Differentiated Sinonasal Tract Malignancies: Forty Molecularly Homogenous and Histologically Variable Cases With Favorable Outcome.

IDH2 R172 mutations occur in sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC), large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC), sinonasal adenocarcinomas, and olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB). We performed a clinical, pathologic, and genetic/epigenetic analysis of a large IDH2-mutated sinonasal tumor cohort to explore their distinct features. A total 165 sinonasal/skull base tumors included 40 IDH2 mutants studied by light microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and genome-wide DNA methylation, and 125 IDH2 wild-type tumors used for comparison.

Suitability of current typing procedures to identify epidemiologically linked human Giardia duodenalis isolates.

Background: Giardia duodenalis is a leading cause of gastroenteritis worldwide. Humans are mainly infected by two different subtypes, i.e.

Pulmonary Hypertension: Scientometric Analysis and Density-Equalizing Mapping.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by the increase of the mean pulmonary arterial pressure in the lung circulation. Despite the large number of experimental and clinical studies conducted on pulmonary hypertension, there is no comprehensive work that analyzed the global research activity on PH so far. We retrieved the bibliometric data of the publications on pulmonary hypertension for two periods from the Web of science database.

Type 2 Diabetes Research Yield, 1951-2012: Bibliometrics Analysis and Density-Equalizing Mapping.

The objective of this paper is to provide a detailed evaluation of type 2 diabetes mellitus research output from 1951-2012, using large-scale data analysis, bibliometric indicators and density-equalizing mapping. Data were retrieved from the Science Citation Index Expanded database, one of the seven curated databases within Web of Science. Using Boolean operators "OR", "AND" and "NOT", a search strategy was developed to estimate the total number of published items.

A bibliometric analysis of bipolar affective disorders using density-equalizing mapping and output benchmarking.

Background: Bipolar affective disorder (BaD) has a great impact on health systems worldwide. Although bibliometric studies have been done on this subject, these studies did not do an analysis of the contents of papers, the cooperation between countries, or of the names currently used to describe the condition. Furthermore, the number of publications since the last bibliometric study has doubled.

Doctors' working conditions in emergency care units in Germany: a real-time assessment.

Background And Objectives: As interest in doctors' work in Germany has increased over the last few years, this study determines how doctors spend their work time in emergency departments. The study also provides information on patient load and working conditions in emergency units.

Methods And Material: An observational time-and-motion study was carried out at three emergency departments.

Density-equalizing mapping and scientometric benchmarking of European allergy research.

Due to the great socioeconomic burden of allergic diseases, research in this field which is important for environmental medicine is currently increasing. Therefore the European Union has initiated the Global Allergy and Asthma European network (GA2LEN). However, despite increasing research in the past years detailed scientometric analyses have not been conducted so far.

Scientometric analysis and combined density-equalizing mapping of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) research.

Background: Passive exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is estimated to exert a major burden of disease. Currently, numerous countries have taken legal actions to protect the population against ETS. Numerous studies have been conducted in this field.

Air pollution research: visualization of research activity using density-equalizing mapping and scientometric benchmarking procedures.

Background: Due to constantly rising air pollution levels as well as an increasing awareness of the hazardousness of air pollutants, new laws and rules have recently been passed. Although there has been a large amount of research on this topic, bibliometric data is still to be collected. Thus this study provides a scientometric approach to the material published on this subject so far.

Psychotrauma and effective treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder in soldiers and peacekeepers.

Psychotrauma occurs as a result to a traumatic event, which may involve witnessing someone's actual death or personally experiencing serious physical injury, assault, rape and sexual abuse, being held as a hostage, or a threat to physical or psychological integrity. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety disorder and was defined in the past as railway spine, traumatic war neurosis, stress syndrome, shell shock, battle fatigue, combat fatigue, or post-traumatic stress syndrome (PTSS). If untreated, post-traumatic stress disorder can impair relationships of those affected and strain their families and society.

Cough as a symptom and a disease entity: scientometric analysis and density-equalizing calculations.

Background: Cough is a prominent symptom of many allergic diseases and a major health burden but there is little information available on the current state of research in this area.

Objectives: To analyze long-term developments in cough research and recent trends.

Methods: We searched the Thomson Reuters Web of Science databases for cough-related items published between 1900 and 2007 and analyzed the results using scientometric methods and density-equalizing calculations.

Scoliosis: density-equalizing mapping and scientometric analysis.

Background: Publications related to scoliosis have increased enormously. A differentiation between publications of major and minor importance has become difficult even for experts. Scientometric data on developments and tendencies in scoliosis research has not been available to date.

Tobacco control: visualisation of research activity using density-equalizing mapping and scientometric benchmarking procedures.

Background: Tobacco smoking continues to be a major preventable cause of death and disease and therefore tobacco control research is extremely important. However, research in this area is often hampered by a lack in funding and there is a need for scientometric techniques to display research efforts.

Methods: The present study combines classical bibliometric tools with novel scientometric and visualizing techniques in order to analyse and categorise research in the field of tobacco control.