Tailor-made nanostructures bridging chaos and order for highly efficient white organic light-emitting diodes.

Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) suffer from notorious light trapping, resulting in only moderate external quantum efficiencies. Here, we report a facile, scalable, lithography-free method to generate controllable nanostructures with directional randomness and dimensional order, significantly boosting the efficiency of white OLEDs. Mechanical deformations form on the surface of poly(dimethylsiloxane) in response to compressive stress release, initialized by reactive ions etching with periodicity and depth distribution ranging from dozens of nanometers to micrometers.

Eimeria tenella oocysts attenuated by low energy electron irradiation (LEEI) induce protection against challenge infection in chickens.

In vitro and in vivo studies were performed to assess whether Eimeria tenella (E. tenella) oocysts, exposed to low energy electron irradiation (LEEI), might be considered potential vaccine candidates against cecal coccidiosis. Sporulated oocysts were exposed to LEEI of 0.

Stabilization and Sterilization of Pericardial Scaffolds by Ultraviolet and Low-Energy Electron Irradiation.

Pericardium-based tissue transplantation is a lifesaving treatment. Commercial glutaraldehyde-treated pericardial tissue exhibits cytotoxicity, which is associated with the accelerated graft failure. Replacement of glutaraldehyde has been suggested to overcome those drawbacks.

Pathogens Inactivated by Low-Energy-Electron Irradiation Maintain Antigenic Properties and Induce Protective Immune Responses.

Inactivated vaccines are commonly produced by incubating pathogens with chemicals such as formaldehyde or β-propiolactone. This is a time-consuming process, the inactivation efficiency displays high variability and extensive downstream procedures are often required. Moreover, application of chemicals alters the antigenic components of the viruses or bacteria, resulting in reduced antibody specificity and therefore stimulation of a less effective immune response.

Experimental evidence concerning the significant information depth of electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD).

Experiments concerning the information depth of electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) are performed on samples featuring an amorphous wedge on a crystalline substrate and a crystalline wedge on an amorphous substrate. The effects of the acceleration voltage and exemplary software settings on the ability to measure through an amorphous layer are presented. Changes in the EBSD-signal could be detected through a ≈142nm thick layer of amorphous Si while orientation measurements could be performed through a ≈116nm thick layer when using a voltage of 30kV.

A hybrid electron cyclotron resonance metal ion source with integrated sputter magnetron for the production of an intense Al⁺ ion beam.

A metal ion source prototype has been developed: a combination of magnetron sputter technology with 2.45 GHz electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source technology-a so called magnetron ECR ion source (MECRIS). An integrated ring-shaped sputter magnetron with an Al target is acting as a powerful metal atom supply in order to produce an intense current of singly charged metal ions.

An Alternative Anionic Polyelectrolyte for Aqueous PEDOT Dispersions: Toward Printable Transparent Electrodes.

Unlabelled: Organic conducting polymers are promising electrode materials for printable organic electronics. One of the most studied conducting polymers is

Pedot: PSS, which is sufficiently conductive and transparent, but which shows some drawbacks, such as hygroscopicity and acidity. A new approach to stabilize PEDOT in aqueous dispersions involves the replacement of PSS with a basic polyanion based on a polystyrene backbone with (trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (TSFI) side groups.