Type 2 cannabinoid receptor expression on microglial cells regulates neuroinflammation during graft-versus-host disease.

Neuroinflammation is a recognized complication of immunotherapeutic approaches such as immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment, chimeric antigen receptor therapy, and graft versus host disease (GVHD) occurring after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. While T cells and inflammatory cytokines play a role in this process, the precise interplay between the adaptive and innate arms of the immune system that propagates inflammation in the central nervous system remains incompletely understood. Using a murine model of GVHD, we demonstrate that type 2 cannabinoid receptor (CB2R) signaling plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of neuroinflammation.

Cancer prevention in people experiencing homelessness: ethical considerations and experiences from the CANCERLESS project.

The incidence of cancer in Europe has been increasing in recent years. Despite this, cancer prevention has remained a low priority in health policies. Cancer is one of the main causes of mortality among people experiencing homelessness, who continue to have difficulties accessing prevention programs.

Proteomic profiles of peritoneal fluid-derived small extracellular vesicles correlate with patient outcome in ovarian cancer.

Cancer-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are capable of modifying the tumor microenvironment and promoting tumor progression. Ovarian cancer (OvCa) is a lethal malignancy that preferentially spreads through the abdominal cavity. Thus, the secretion of such vesicles into the peritoneal fluid could be a determinant factor in the dissemination and behavior of this disease.

TDCS for parkinson's disease disease-related pain: A randomized trial.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on Parkinson's disease (PD)-related pain.

Methods: This triple-blind randomized controlled trial included twenty-two patients (age range 38-85, 10 male) with PD-related pain. Eleven subjects received ten sessions of 20 minutes tDCS over the primary motor cortex contralateral to pain at 2 mA intensity.

Effects of motor imagery-based neurofeedback training after bilateral repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on post-stroke upper limb motor function: an exploratory crossover clinical trial.

Objective: To examine the clinical effects of combining motor imagery-based neurofeedback training with bilateral repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for upper limb motor function in subacute and chronic stroke.

Design: Clinical trial following an AB/BA crossover design with counterbalanced assignment.

Subjects: Twenty individuals with subacute (n = 4) or chronic stroke (n = 16).

Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Spanish version of the King's Parkinson's Disease Pain Scale (KPPS).

Purpose: To translate and cross-culturally adapt the King's Parkinson's Disease Pain Scale (KPPS) into Spanish.

Methods: The English KPPS was forward translated into Spanish, back translated, and revised by the original developers. Cross-cultural adaptation of relevant target groups was conducted following COSMIN standards.

Trifocal versus monofocal intraocular lens implantation in eyes previously treated with laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for myopia.

Purpose: To assess visual and refractive outcomes of trifocal intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in eyes that had previously undergone laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for myopia and to compare them with those recorded after implantation of a monofocal IOL.

Design: Retrospective comparative cases series.

Methods: This study evaluated uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), uncorrected near visual acuity (UNVA), safety, and efficacy after the implantation of two comparable trifocal IOL models and one monofocal IOL model in patients who had previously undergone myopic LASIK.

Redox signalling regulates breast cancer metastasis via phenotypic and metabolic reprogramming due to p63 activation by HIF1α.

Background: Redox signaling caused by knockdown (KD) of Glutathione Peroxidase 2 (GPx2) in the PyMT mammary tumour model promotes metastasis via phenotypic and metabolic reprogramming. However, the tumour cell subpopulations and transcriptional regulators governing these processes remained unknown.

Methods: We used single-cell transcriptomics to decipher the tumour cell subpopulations stimulated by GPx2 KD in the PyMT mammary tumour and paired pulmonary metastases.

Enhanced Stability and Catalytic Activity of a Nanocatalyst with Reusable Ionic Liquid Hydrogels for the Reduction of Organic Pollutants.

Nitroaromatic compounds have a wide range of applications. However, they pose a significant threat to both the environment and human health. Ionic liquid hydrogels (ILs-gels) have emerged as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly option for various applications.

Effects of Hand Motor Interventions on Cognitive Outcomes Post-stroke: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Network Meta-analysis.

Objective: To synthetize the evidence on the effects of hand rehabilitation (RHB) interventions on cognition post-stroke and compare their efficacy.

Data Sources: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Scopus, Web of Science, and CINAHL were searched from inception to November 2022.

Data Selection: Randomized controlled trials conducted in adults with stroke where the effects of hand motor interventions on any cognitive domains were assessed.

Decreased oxytocin plasma levels and oxytocin receptor expression associated with aggressive behavior in aggressive-impulsive disorders.

Introduction: This study aims to enhance the understanding of the association between the phenotypic and endophenotypic characteristics of impulsive-aggressive disorders, through the study of plasma oxytocin (OXT) and oxytocin receptor (OXTR) levels in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and patients with eating disorders (ED), as well as to examine the relationship of OXT system with aggressive behavior in these disorders.

Methods: 68 patients with BPD, 67 patients with ED and 57 healthy control subjects were examined for plasma oxytocin levels and protein expression of OXTR in blood mononuclear cells. Aggressive behavior was assessed using the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI-2).

Robotic exoskeleton embodiment in post-stroke hemiparetic patients: an experimental study about the integration of the assistance provided by the REFLEX knee exoskeleton.

Hemiparetic gait is the most common motor-disorder after stroke and, in spite of rehabilitation efforts, it is persistent in 50% of community dwelling stroke-survivors. Robotic exoskeletons have been proposed as assistive devices to support impaired joints. An example of these devices is the REFLEX knee exoskeleton, which assists the gait of hemiparetic subjects and whose action seems to be properly embodied by stroke survivors, who were able to adapt the motion of their non-assisted limbs and, therefore, reduce their compensation mechanisms.

Patterns of Sexualized Drug Use among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men Living with HIV: Insights from a Comprehensive Study-The U-SEX-2 GESIDA 9416 Study.

Background: Sexualized drug use (SDU) has become a public health concern in recent years. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of SDU in gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men living with HIV (HIV + GBMSM) in Madrid during 2019/2020 and compare it with data from 2016/2017 in order to detect changes in patterns.

Methods: We analyzed the frequency of SDU in a sample of HIV + GBMSM attending HIV clinics, who participated in an anonymous online survey regarding sexual behavior and recreational drug use.

Reproducibility of Anterior Scalene Stiffness Measurement with Shear Wave Elastography: An Inter-Examiner Reliability Study.

Purpose: Although previous studies have highlighted the clinical relevance of the anterior scalene muscle (AS) in patients with neck pain or nerve compressive syndromes, evidence reporting the diagnostic accuracy of shear wave elastography (SWE) for assessing the AS stiffness properties is lacking. This study aimed to analyze the SWE inter-examiner reliability for calculating the Young's modulus and shear wave speed of the AS muscle in asymptomatic subjects.

Materials And Methods: Using a linear transducer, ultrasound images of the antero-lateral neck region at the C7 level were acquired in 35 healthy volunteers by one experienced examiner and one novice examiner.

Differences in Motor Imagery Ability between People with Parkinson's Disease and Healthy Controls, and Its Relationship with Functionality, Independence and Quality of Life.

Motor imagery (MI) has been shown to be effective for the acquisition of motor skills; however, it is still unknown whether similar benefits can be achieved in neurological patients. Previous findings of differences in MI ability between people with Parkinson's disease (PwPD) and healthy controls (HCs) are mixed. This study examined differences in the ability to both create and maintain MI as well as investigating the relationship between the ability to create and maintain MI and motor function, independence and quality of life (QoL).

Analysis of grip specificity on force production in grapplers and its effect on bilateral deficit grip specificity and bilateral deficit in force production among grapplers.

The use of strength training is important for athletes in combat sports such as judo and jiu-jitsu. Specificity is key when prescribing strength training programs for athletes, considering maximal strength, muscular power and strength-endurance. Grappling combat sports require grip control, which is necessary to execute throwing techniques and groundwork.

Characterisation of TbSmee1 suggests endocytosis allows surface-bound cargo to enter the trypanosome flagellar pocket.

All endocytosis and exocytosis in the African trypanosome Trypanosoma brucei occurs at a single subdomain of the plasma membrane. This subdomain, the flagellar pocket, is a small vase-shaped invagination containing the root of the single flagellum of the cell. Several cytoskeleton-associated multiprotein complexes are coiled around the neck of the flagellar pocket on its cytoplasmic face.

ChatGPT and most frequent urological diseases: analysing the quality of information and potential risks for patients.

Purpose: Artificial intelligence (AI) is a set of systems or combinations of algorithms, which mimic human intelligence. ChatGPT is software with artificial intelligence which was recently developed by OpenAI. One of its potential uses could be to consult the information about pathologies and treatments.

Tryptophan Modulation in Cancer-Associated Cachexia Mouse Models.

Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome that interferes with treatment and reduces the quality of life and survival of patients. Currently, there is no effective treatment or biomarkers, and pathophysiology is not clear. Our group reported alterations on tryptophan metabolites in cachectic patients, so we aim to investigate the role of tryptophan using two cancer-associated cachexia syngeneic murine models, melanoma B16F10, and pancreatic adenocarcinoma that is KPC-based.

Circulating Neurofilament Light Chain Levels Increase with Age and Are Associated with Worse Physical Function and Body Composition in Men but Not in Women.

This study aimed to assess the relationship between age-related changes in Neurofilament Light Chain (NFL), a marker of neuronal function, and various factors including muscle function, body composition, and metabolomic markers. The study included 40 participants, aged 20 to 85 years. NFL levels were measured, and muscle function, body composition, and metabolomic markers were assessed.

Pore-forming activity of pneumolysin disrupts the paracellular localization of the epithelial adherens junction protein E-cadherin.

a common cause of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia, can cross the respiratory epithelial barrier to cause lethal septicemia and meningitis. pore-forming toxin pneumolysin (PLY) triggers robust neutrophil (PMN) infiltration that promotes bacterial transepithelial migration and disseminated disease in mice. Apical infection of polarized respiratory epithelial monolayers by at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 20 resulted in recruitment of PMNs, loss of 50% of the monolayer, and PMN-dependent bacterial translocation.