Integrating environmental gradients into breeding: application of genomic reactions norms in a perennial species.

Global warming threatens the productivity of forest plantations. We propose here the integration of environmental information into a genomic evaluation scheme using individual reaction norms, to enable the quantification of resilience in forest tree improvement and conservation strategies in the coming decades. Random regression models were used to fit wood ring series, reflecting the longitudinal phenotypic plasticity of tree growth, according to various environmental gradients.

Differential vulnerability of thalamic nuclei in multiple sclerosis.

Objectives: Investigating differential vulnerability of thalamic nuclei in multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods: In a secondary analysis of prospectively collected datasets, we pooled 136 patients with MS or clinically isolated syndrome and 71 healthy controls all scanned with conventional 3D-T1 and white-matter-nulled magnetization-prepared rapid gradient echo (WMn-MPRAGE) and tested for cognitive performance. T1-based thalamic segmentation was compared with the reference WMn-MPRAGE method.

ATR Inhibition as an Attractive Therapeutic Resource against Cancer.

In this issue of , Yap and colleagues demonstrate in a phase I trial enrolling 22 patients diagnosed with advanced solid tumors that BAY 1895344, a new potent and specific ATR inhibitor, is safe and able to induce durable responses in ATM-deficient tumors. This compelling clinical activity paves the way for innovative combination regimens that rely on exploitation of DNA damage response defects in cancer..

Theoretical and practical challenges of proportionate universalism: a review.

Objective: In 2010, the principle of proportionate universalism (PU) has been proposed as a solution to reduce health inequalities. It had a great resonance but does not seem to have been widely applied and no guidelines exist on how to implement it.The two specific objectives of this scoping review were: (1) to describe the theoretical context in which PU was established, (2) to describe how researchers apply PU and related methodological issues.

A new species of Malmgren, 1866 (Polychaeta, Terebellidae) from the north-western Mediterranean Sea.

A new species of Terebellidae, , has been identified from the harbour of Banyuls-sur-Mer, north-western Mediterranean Sea. This new species was found in very high densities, exclusively in gravelly sand deposited manually, and was not found in the original source habitat of the gravel. This species is characterized by the colour of the ventral shields with pinkish anterior part and a blood red posterior part in live specimens, a pair of unequal-sized plumose branchiae inserted on segment II and anterior thoracic neuropodia with long-handled uncini.

To Drain or Not to Drain Infraperitoneal Anastomosis After Rectal Excision for Cancer: The GRECCAR 5 Randomized Trial.

Objective: To assess the effect of pelvic drainage after rectal surgery for cancer.

Background: Pelvic sepsis is one of the major complications after rectal excision for rectal cancer. Although many studies have confirmed infectiveness of drainage after colectomy, there is still a controversy after rectal surgery.

Impact of donor-recipient phylogenetic distance on bacterial genome transplantation.

Genome transplantation (GT) allows the installation of purified chromosomes into recipient cells, causing the resulting organisms to adopt the genotype and the phenotype conferred by the donor cells. This key process remains a bottleneck in synthetic biology, especially for genome engineering strategies of intractable and economically important microbial species. So far, this process has only been reported using two closely related bacteria, Mycoplasma mycoides subsp.

Factors and motivations associated with use of e-cigarette among primary care patients in a prospective cohort study: e-TAC study protocol.

Introduction: While the relationship between electronic cigarette use and smoking has often been studied, the association between electronic cigarette use and socioeconomic factors has received less attention. This is a study protocol aiming to describe the relationship between the consumption of psychoactive products (in particular: smoking) or some socioeconomic factors and the evolution of the use of electronic cigarette in primary healthcare over 1 year.

Methods And Analysis: Electronic cigarette, Tobacco, Alcohol and Cannabis (e-TAC) is a prospective multisite cohort study, including 473 patients at baseline and carrying out in general practices in the Aquitaine area (France).

R-Syst::diatom: an open-access and curated barcode database for diatoms and freshwater monitoring.

Diatoms are micro-algal indicators of freshwater pollution. Current standardized methodologies are based on microscopic determinations, which is time consuming and prone to identification uncertainties. The use of DNA-barcoding has been proposed as a way to avoid these flaws.

Gene-based pleiotropy across migraine with aura and migraine without aura patient groups.

Introduction: It is unclear whether patients diagnosed according to International Classification of Headache Disorders criteria for migraine with aura (MA) and migraine without aura (MO) experience distinct disorders or whether their migraine subtypes are genetically related.

Aim: Using a novel gene-based (statistical) approach, we aimed to identify individual genes and pathways associated both with MA and MO.

Methods: Gene-based tests were performed using genome-wide association summary statistic results from the most recent International Headache Genetics Consortium study comparing 4505 MA cases with 34,813 controls and 4038 MO cases with 40,294 controls.

Can Sarcopenia Quantified by Ultrasound of the Rectus Femoris Muscle Predict Adverse Outcome of Surgical Intensive Care Unit Patients as well as Frailty? A Prospective, Observational Cohort Study.

Objective: To compare sarcopenia and frailty for outcome prediction in surgical intensive care unit (SICU) patients.

Background: Frailty has been associated with adverse outcomes and describes a status of muscle weakness and decreased physiological reserve leading to increased vulnerability to stressors. However, frailty assessment depends on patient cooperation.

Vitamin K Antagonists and Cognitive Function in Older Adults: The Three-City Cohort Study.

Background: A growing body of evidence supports a beneficial role for vitamin K in brain and cognition, notably in studies where animals are rendered vitamin K deficient by warfarin, a potent vitamin K antagonist (VKA). Given VKAs are commonly used oral anticoagulants in older persons, we investigated the relationship between VKA therapy and cognitive performances over 10 years in participants of the Three-City study.

Methods: The Three-City cohort included 7,133 nondemented community dwellers, aged 65 years or older at baseline.

Usefulness of data from magnetic resonance imaging to improve prediction of dementia: population based cohort study.

Objective: To determine whether the addition of data derived from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain to a model incorporating conventional risk variables improves prediction of dementia over 10 years of follow-up.

Design: Population based cohort study of individuals aged ≥ 65.

Setting: The Dijon magnetic resonance imaging study cohort from the Three-City Study, France.

Specific membrane lipid composition is important for plasmodesmata function in Arabidopsis.

Plasmodesmata (PD) are nano-sized membrane-lined channels controlling intercellular communication in plants. Although progress has been made in identifying PD proteins, the role played by major membrane constituents, such as the lipids, in defining specialized membrane domains in PD remains unknown. Through a rigorous isolation of "native" PD membrane fractions and comparative mass spectrometry-based analysis, we demonstrate that lipids are laterally segregated along the plasma membrane (PM) at the PD cell-to-cell junction in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Is migraine a risk factor for pediatric stroke?

Importance: Our understanding of risk factors for childhood stroke is incomplete. In adults, migraine with aura is associated with a two-fold increase in ischemic stroke risk.

Objective: In this cohort study we examine the association between migraine and stroke among children in Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC).

Autofluorescence of Skin Advanced Glycation End Products: Marker of Metabolic Memory in Elderly Population.

Background: Advanced glycation end products are involved in the vascular complications of diabetes, in chronic kidney disease, and in the aging process. Their accumulation in the elderly people, as reflected by skin autofluorescence (sAF), may be a marker of metabolic memory. We aimed to examine the association of sAF with glycemic and renal status 10 years earlier in older persons.

Older age is a strong predictor for poor outcome in intracerebral haemorrhage: the INTERACT2 study.

Background And Purpose: Global ageing contributes greatly to the burden of stroke. We investigated the influence of age on the baseline profile and on outcomes in acute intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) among participants of the INTERACT2 study.

Methods: INTERACT2 was an international, randomised controlled trial in 2839 patients with spontaneous ICH within 6 h of onset and elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP; 150-220 mmHg) who were allocated to receive intensive (target SBP <140 mmHg within 1 h) or guideline-recommended (target SBP <180 mmHg) blood pressure lowering treatment.

Dietary patterns according to headache and migraine status: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Several potential dietary trigger factors for migraine have been proposed. However, few studies have examined the intake pattern of these dietary items compared to adequate control populations and whether intake levels may vary by migraine aura status or attack frequency.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among participants in the Women's Health Study.

Effect of flumazenil on diaphragm electrical activation during weaning from mechanical ventilation after acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Background: Diaphragm electrical activation (EAdi) and the ratio of tidal volume to EAdi (VT/EAdi) may provide clinical information on neuroventilatory efficiency (NVE) in patients being weaned from mechanical ventilation. We tested the hypothesis that residual sedation could interfere with respiratory recovery, by assessing the effects of flumazenil on EAdi and VT/EAdi ratio.

Methods: This observational study included 13 patients breathing with pressure-support ventilation (PSV) after a long period of controlled mechanical ventilation (i.

Reference-free detection of isolated SNPs.

Detecting single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) between genomes is becoming a routine task with next-generation sequencing. Generally, SNP detection methods use a reference genome. As non-model organisms are increasingly investigated, the need for reference-free methods has been amplified.