Fungal infection in patients treated with Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase inhibitor, from epidemiology to clinical outcome: A systematic review.

Background: Bruton Tyrosine Kinase inhibitor (BTKi) emerged as key treatment for B-cell lymphomas. Despite its efficacy in the treatment of malignancies, numerous cases of invasive fungal infections (IFI) have been reported in patients receiving ibrutinib, a first generation BTKi. Cases of invasive aspergillosis have also been reported with acalabrutinib and zanubrutinib.

Sarcomas developed in patients with Lynch Syndrome are enriched in pleomorphic soft-tissue sarcomas and are sensitive to immunotherapy.

Background: Sarcomas do not belong to the Lynch Syndrome (LS)-tumour spectrum. A growing body literature has reported sarcomas in patients with LS. Clinical and tumour characteristics of these patients remain unknown.

Predicting benefit from PARP inhibitors using deep learning on H&E-stained ovarian cancer slides.

Purpose: Ovarian cancer patients with a Homologous Recombination Deficiency (HRD) often benefit from polyadenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor maintenance therapy after response to platinum-based chemotherapy. HR status is currently analyzed via complex molecular tests. Predicting benefit from PARP inhibitors directly on histological whole slide images (WSIs) could be a fast and cheap alternative.

Penicillin allergy management strategies relevant for clinical practice - a narrative review.

Penicillin allergy is the most commonly reported drug allergy, with prevalence rates ranging from 6% to 31% across various populations and geographic areas. The penicillin allergy label is linked to higher mortality and morbidity rates, extended hospital stays, increased readmission rates, and a greater reliance on second-line antibiotics. Research indicates that nearly 99% of those labeled as penicillin-allergic can tolerate the drug.

The Role of Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography in the Diagnosis, Risk Stratification, and Management of Patients with Diabetes and Chest Pain.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) affects over 200 million individuals globally, accounting for approximately 9 million deaths annually. Patients living with diabetes mellitus exhibit an up to fourfold increased risk of developing CAD compared to individuals without diabetes. Furthermore, CAD is responsible for 40 to 80 percent of the observed mortality rates among patients with type 2 diabetes.

Predicting liver ablation volumes with real-time MRI thermometry.

Background & Aims: MRI guidance offers better lesion targeting for microwave ablation of liver lesions with higher soft-tissue contrast, as well as the possibility of real-time thermometry. This study aims to evaluate the correlation of real-time MR thermometry-predicted lesion volume with the ablation zone in postprocedural first-day images.

Methods: This single-center retrospective analysis evaluated prospectively included patients who underwent MRI-guided microwave ablation with real-time thermometry between December 2020 and July 2023.

Evaluation of a Decentralized Donor-Derived Cell-Free DNA Assay for Kidney Allograft Rejection Monitoring.

Donor-derived cell-free DNA (dd-cfDNA) is an emerging non-invasive biomarker for allograft injury detection. This study aimed to evaluate a new, decentralized dd-cfDNA testing kit against a centralized dd-cfDNA testing service broadly utilized in the United States. Kidney transplant recipients with decentralized and centralized dd-cfDNA measurements and concomitant kidney allograft biopsies were included in the study.

Epidemiology and Characteristics of Meniscal Tears in Patients With Combined ACL and Medial Collateral Ligament Injuries Versus Isolated ACL Tears: A Case-Control Study From the Francophone Arthroscopic Society.

Background: The co-occurrence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture with medial collateral ligament (MCL) rupture is a compound injury that can be associated with meniscal tears.

Purpose: To report the characteristics of meniscal tears in knees with isolated ACL versus combined ACL and MCL injuries, analyzing their frequency, distribution by site, and lesion type.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.

Interpretation and classification of FBN1 variants associated with Marfan syndrome: consensus recommendations from the Clinical Genome Resource's FBN1 variant curation expert panel.

Background: In 2015, the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) and the Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP) developed standardized variant curation guidelines for Mendelian disorders. Although these guidelines have been widely adopted, they are not gene- or disease-specific. To mitigate classification discrepancies, the Clinical Genome Resource FBN1 variant curation expert panel (VCEP) was established in 2018 to develop adaptations to the ACMG/AMP criteria for FBN1 in association with Marfan syndrome.

Complex memories induced by intracranial electrical brain stimulation are related to complex networks.

The precise and fleeting moment of rich recollection triggered by an environmental cue is difficult to reproduce in the lab. However, epilepsy patients can experience sudden reminiscences after intracranial electrical brain stimulation (EBS). In these cases, the transient brain state related to the activation of the engram and its conscious perception can be recorded using intracerebral EEG (iEEG).

Treating Presbyphonia in 2024: A Scoping Review.

Presbyphonia is a multi-dimensional pathology. Therefore, its treatment should address its different affecting factors, including a global health management to fight geriatric frailty, improve overall physical strength, and limit medication side-effects. The specific therapies should address glottal gap closure and vocal folds' pliability.

Identification of a T2-hyperintense Perivascular Space in Brain Arteriovenous Malformations.

Background/aim: Brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are vascular malformations characterized by dysmorphic, aberrant vasculature. During previous surgeries of compact nidus brain AVMs (representing the majority of cases), we have observed a "shiny" plane between nidal and perinidal AVM vessels and the surrounding grey and white matter and hypothesized that preoperative neuroimaging of brain AVMs may show a neuroradiological correlate of these intraoperative observations.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed and analyzed multiplanar and multisequence 3-Tesla magnetic resonance (3T MR) imaging in five consecutive brain AVMs with special attention on imaging characteristics of the brain-AVM interface, i.

Prevention of Stroke in Intracerebral Haemorrhage Survivors with Atrial Fibrillation: Rationale and Design for PRESTIGE-AF Trial.

Adequate secondary prevention in survivors of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) who also have atrial fibrillation (AF) is a long-standing clinical dilemma because these patients are at increased risk of recurrent ICH as well as of ischemic stroke. The efficacy and safety of oral anticoagulation, the standard preventive medication for ischemic stroke patients with AF, in ICH patients with AF are uncertain. PRESTIGE-AF is an international, phase 3b, multi-center, randomized, open, blinded end-point assessment (PROBE) clinical trial that compared the efficacy and safety of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) with no DOAC (either no antithrombotic treatment or any antiplatelet drug).

Cyclin O controls entry into the cell-cycle variant required for multiciliated cell differentiation.

Multiciliated cells (MCCs) ensure fluid circulation in various organs. Their differentiation is marked by the amplification of cilia-nucleating centrioles, driven by a genuine cell-cycle variant, which is characterized by wave-like expression of canonical and non-canonical cyclins such as Cyclin O (CCNO). Patients with CCNO mutations exhibit a subtype of primary ciliary dyskinesia called reduced generation of motile cilia (RGMC).

Predictors of conversion to cesarean section in a French cohort of 236 class III (body mass index of 40 or more) obese women attempting vaginal delivery: A restrospective multicentric study.

Background: Due to the global growth of its prevalence and its impact on patient health, obesity is considered a near-epidemic condition by the World Health Organization (WHO). Its overall prevalence has now reached 17 % in France. The impact of obesity is also a concern for pregnant women, due to the risk of maternal and fetal complications.

Professional-patient discrepancies in assessing lung cancer radiotherapy symptoms: An international multicentre study.

Background And Purpose: We investigate discrepancies in the assessment of treatment-related symptoms in lung cancer between healthcare professionals and patients, and factors contributing to these discrepancies.

Materials And Methods: Data from 515 participants in the REQUITE study were analysed. Five symptoms (cough, dyspnoea, bronchopulmonary haemorrhage, chest wall pain, dysphagia) were evaluated both before and after radiotherapy.

Subtypes of brain change in aging and their associations with cognition and Alzheimer's disease biomarkers.

Structural brain changes underlie cognitive changes and interindividual variability in cognition in older age. By using structural MRI data-driven clustering, we aimed to identify subgroups of cognitively unimpaired older adults based on brain change patterns and assess how changes in cortical thickness, surface area, and subcortical volume relate to cognitive change. We tested (1) which brain structural changes predict cognitive change (2) whether these are associated with core cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Alzheimer's disease biomarkers, and (3) the degree of overlap between clusters derived from different structural modalities in 1899 cognitively healthy older adults followed up to 16 years.

Silent brain infarctions in patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis.

Background: Silent brain infarctions (SBI) are commonly detected in brain imaging. The association of SBI with rheumatic mitral stenosis (MS) is not clearly relevant. Based on magnetic resonance imaging, we aimed to describe the prevalence of SBI in patients with rheumatic MS and the cardiac abnormalities related to their occurrence.

A Prospective Non-interventional Real-World Study of cabozantinib in Pretreated Patients With Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma Refractory to Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-Targeted Therapy (CASSIOPE).

Background: There is a lack of published data on real-world cabozantinib use in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma after prior vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-targeted therapy.

Methods: CASSIOPE was a real-world, prospective, multicenter, non-interventional postauthorization safety study of cabozantinib in adult patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma in Europe following prior VEGF-targeted treatment (NCT03419572). Endpoints included cabozantinib utilization (dose modifications due to adverse events [AEs; primary endpoint], dose, dose modifications, and treatment duration), safety, effectiveness (progression-free survival [PFS], overall survival [OS], best overall response [BOR]), and healthcare resource utilization.

An insight from the default mode network in patients with amnesia following left thalamic infarction involving the mediodorsal nucleus and mammillothalamic tract.

The role of the medial part of the thalamus, and in particular the mediodorsal nucleus (MD) and the mammillothalamic tract (MTT), in memory has long been studied, but their contribution remains unclear. While the main functional hypothesis regarding the MTT focuses on memory, some authors postulate that the MD plays a supervisory executive role (indirectly affecting memory retrieval) due to its dense structural connectivity with the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Recently, it has been proposed that the MD, MTT and PFC form part of the DMN the default mode network (DMN).

Validation of visual analog scales of mood and anxiety at the workplace.

Unlabelled: The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is commonly used to detect depressive or anxious states, but its 14-item questionnaire is time-consuming. Visual analog scales (VAS) are easy to use and quick to implement. Although the VAS has been validated to assess pain and occupational stress, VAS scores for anxiety and mood have never been evaluated in the workplace.

SGLT2 expression in human vasculature and heart correlates with low-grade inflammation and causes eNOS-NO/ROS imbalance.

Aims: Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) show a cardioprotective effect in heart failure and myocardial infarction, pathologies often associated with low-grade inflammation. This cross-sectional study aims to investigate whether low-grade inflammation regulates SGLT2 expression and function in human vasculature, heart, and endothelial cells (ECs).

Methods And Results: Human internal thoracic artery (ITA), left ventricle (LV) specimens, and cultured porcine coronary artery ECs were used.

HIV prevention and missed opportunities among people with recently acquired HIV infection: Α protocol for a systematic review.

Background: Individuals who have recently acquired HIV represent a unique population because the time frame since HIV acquisition is relatively short and identification of missed HIV prevention opportunities is, therefore, closer to real time and less subject to recall bias. Identifying prevention measures used and missed opportunities for using them, can help stop further HIV transmission.

Objectives: This systematic review aims to synthesise current global evidence on uptake of HIV prevention methods among people with recently acquired HIV from 2007, the year that the concept of ART as a prevention method was first introduced.

The burden of medical contraindications to corneal donation: Time for review.

Corneal graft (keratoplasty) is the most common allograft in the world, but the imbalance between the number of donors and the number of patients waiting for transplants is abysmal on a global scale and varies enormously from one country to another. The risk of transmission of systemic diseases from donor to recipient is demonstrably low. In over 50 years and an estimated 2.

Clinical outcomes by baseline metastases in patients with renal cell carcinoma treated with lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab versus sunitinib: Post hoc analysis of the CLEAR trial.

Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab significantly improved efficacy versus sunitinib in treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) in the phase 3 CLEAR study. We report results of an exploratory post hoc analysis of tumor response data based on baseline metastatic characteristics of patients who received lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab versus sunitinib, at the final overall survival analysis time point of CLEAR (cutoff: July 31, 2022). Treatment-naïve adults with aRCC were randomized to: lenvatinib (20 mg PO QD in 21-day cycles) plus pembrolizumab (n = 355; 200 mg IV Q3W); lenvatinib plus everolimus (not reported here); or sunitinib (n = 357; 50 mg PO QD; 4 weeks on/2 weeks off).