Performance of phenomic selection in rice: Effects of population size and genotype-environment interactions on predictive ability.

Phenomic prediction (PP), a novel approach utilizing Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) data, offers an alternative to genomic prediction (GP) for breeding applications. In PP, a hyperspectral relationship matrix replaces the genomic relationship matrix, potentially capturing both additive and non-additive genetic effects. While PP boasts advantages in cost and throughput compared to GP, the factors influencing its accuracy remain unclear and need to be defined.

Best Subset Solution Path for Linear Dimension Reduction Models Using Continuous Optimization.

The selection of best variables is a challenging problem in supervised and unsupervised learning, especially in high-dimensional contexts where the number of variables is usually much larger than the number of observations. In this paper, we focus on two multivariate statistical methods: principal components analysis and partial least squares. Both approaches are popular linear dimension-reduction methods with numerous applications in several fields including in genomics, biology, environmental science, and engineering.

Acute kidney injury as a key predictor of cardiovascular events in chronic kidney disease patients: the CKD-REIN study.

Background And Hypothesis: Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Acute kidney injury (AKI) has been increasingly recognized as a potential exacerbating factor for cardiovascular events in these patients. The CKD-REIN study aims to explore the relationship between AKI and the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in a cohort of CKD patients.

Crystal structure of the human LAG-3-HLA-DR1-peptide complex.

T cell activity is governed by T cell receptor (TCR) signaling and constrained by immune checkpoint molecules, including programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4), and lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3). The basis for how LAG-3 binds to human leukocyte antigen class II molecules (HLA-II) remains unknown. Here, we present the 3.

Distal Pancreatectomy with Celiac Axis and Venous Resection with Hepatic Artery and Venous Reconstruction (DP-CARV) for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma.

Background: Surgery has recently been introduced into the multimodal management of patients with locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinomas (LAPCs) thanks to the major pathological response seen with the advent of the multiagent regimen FOLFIRINOX. Distal pancreatectomy with celiac axis resection (DP-CAR) may be complicated by ischemic liver and gastric events. Common hepatic artery reconstruction may prevent the occurrence of ischemic complications and can be an alternative to preoperative embolization of the celiac trunk.

From eggs to adulthood: sustained effects of early developmental temperature and corticosterone exposure on physiology and body size in an Australian lizard.

Developing animals are increasingly exposed to elevated temperatures as global temperatures rise as a result of climate change. Vertebrates can be affected by elevated temperatures during development directly, and indirectly through maternal effects (e.g.

MIBiG 4.0: advancing biosynthetic gene cluster curation through global collaboration.

Specialized or secondary metabolites are small molecules of biological origin, often showing potent biological activities with applications in agriculture, engineering and medicine. Usually, the biosynthesis of these natural products is governed by sets of co-regulated and physically clustered genes known as biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). To share information about BGCs in a standardized and machine-readable way, the Minimum Information about a Biosynthetic Gene cluster (MIBiG) data standard and repository was initiated in 2015.

A pain research strategy for Europe: A European survey and position paper of the European Pain Federation EFIC.

Background: Pain is the leading cause of disability and reduced quality of life worldwide. Despite the increasing burden for patients and healthcare systems, pain research remains underfunded and under focused. Having stakeholders identify and prioritize areas that need urgent attention in the field will help focus funding topics, reduce 'research waste', improve the effectiveness of pain research and therapy and promote the uptake of research evidence.

Differential predictive value of resident memory CD8T cell subpopulations in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer treated by immunotherapy.

Background: A high density of resident memory T cells (T) in tumors correlates with improved clinical outcomes in immunotherapy-treated patients. In most clinical studies, T are defined by the CD103 marker. However, it is clearly established that not all T express CD103, but can be defined by other markers (CD49a, CD69, etc).

Membrane mechanics dictate axonal pearls-on-a-string morphology and function.

Axons are ultrathin membrane cables that are specialized for the conduction of action potentials. Although their diameter is variable along their length, how their morphology is determined is unclear. Here, we demonstrate that unmyelinated axons of the mouse central nervous system have nonsynaptic, nanoscopic varicosities ~200 nm in diameter repeatedly along their length interspersed with a thin cable ~60 nm in diameter like pearls-on-a-string.

Unveiling the Potential of Redox Chemistry to Form Size-Tunable, High-Index Silicon Particles.

Silicon particles of intermediate sizes (75-200 nm) scatter visible wavelengths, making them promising candidates for optical devices. The solution synthesis of silicon particles in this size range, however, has proved challenging for chemists over the past few decades. Here, a solution-phase synthesis provides a pathway toward reaching size tunability between 45 and 230 nm via changing the reactant ratio in the reaction between a silicon Zintl phase (NaSi) with an amidinate-stabilized Si(IV) coordination complex.

Annotation practices in computational pathology: a European Society of Digital and Integrative Pathology (ESDIP) survey study.

Integrating digital pathology (DP) and artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms can potentially improve diagnostic practice and precision medicine. Developing reliable, generalizable, and comparable AI algorithms depends on access to meticulously annotated data. However, achieving this requires robust collaboration among pathologists, computer scientists and other researchers to ensure data quality and consistency.

Antecedent viral immunization and efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade: an extensive serum antibody profile to predict outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer.

Introduction: Immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs) revolutionized the treatment of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) but only a fraction of them obtain a response, and clinical benefit from these treatments is often difficult to predict. The aim of our study is to unveil the potential implications of antibody response to previous viral infections in predicting response to ICBs in patients with NSCLC.

Methods: Sera from patients treated with ICBs alone, chemotherapy (CT) or a combination of CT-ICBs were analyzed with VirScan (CDI Labs, USA), a high-throughput method that comprehensively analyzes epitope-level antiviral IgG antibodies via programmable phage display and immunoprecipitation sequencing.

A novel rhodopsin-based voltage indicator for simultaneous two-photon optical recording with GCaMP in vivo.

Genetically encoded voltage indicators (GEVIs) allow optical recording of membrane potential from targeted cells . However, red GEVIs that are compatible with two-photon microscopy and that can be multiplexed with green reporters like GCaMP, are currently lacking. To address this gap, we explored diverse rhodopsin proteins as GEVIs and engineered a novel GEVI, 2Photron, based on a rhodopsin from the green algae .

Transcriptional and functional characterization in the terpenoid precursor pathway of the early land plant Physcomitrium patens.

Isoprenoids comprise the largest group of plant specialized metabolites. 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXS) is one of the major rate-limiting enzymes in their biosynthesis. The DXS family expanded structurally and functionally during evolution and is believed to have significantly contributed to metabolic complexity and diversity in plants.

Design of Experiments to Tailor the Potential of BSA-Coated Peptide Nanocomplexes for Temozolomide/p53 Gene Co-Delivery.

Gene therapy can be viewed as a promising/valuable therapeutic approach directed to cancer treatment, including glioblastoma. Concretely, the combination of gene therapy with chemotherapy could increase its therapeutic index due to a synergistic effect. In this context, bovine serum albumin (BSA)-coated temozolomide (TMZ)-peptide (WRAP5)/p53 gene-based plasmid DNA complexes were developed to promote payload co-delivery.

Prenatal Acoustic Signals Influence Nestling Heat Shock Protein Response to Heat and Heterophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in a Desert Bird.

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are essential to cellular protection against heat stress. However, the causes of inter-individual variation in HSP regulation remain unclear. This study aimed to test the impact of early-life conditions on the HSP response to heat in zebra finches.

Structure-function mapping and mechanistic insights on the SARS CoV2 Nsp1.

Non-structural protein 1 (Nsp1) is a key component of the infectious process caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2), responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. Our previous data demonstrated that Nsp1 can degrade both RNA and DNA in the absence of the ribosome, a process dependent on the metal ions Mn, Ca, or Mg (Salgueiro et al., SARS-CoV2 Nsp1 is a metal-dependent DNA and RNA endonuclease.

[Vitamin D Deficiency In Advanced Breast Cancer Risk In Mali].

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the association between vitamin D deficiency and advanced BC in a Malian women population.

Methods: This is a prospective cross-sectional study, conducted during 4 months, from August 2021 to November 2021. The assays were performed on immunodiagnostic and biochemistry devices in Rodolphe Merieux Laboratory.