On-the-fly resolution enhancement in X-ray protein crystallography using electric field.

X-ray crystallography has tremendously served structural biology by routinely providing high-resolution 3D structures of macromolecules. The extent of information encoded in the X-ray crystallography is proportional to which resolution the crystals diffract and the structure can be refined to. Therefore, there is a continuous effort to obtain high-quality crystals, especially for those proteins, which are considered difficult to crystallize into high-quality protein crystals of suitable sizes for X-ray crystallography.

Thioether-NHC bidentate manganese complexes as efficient phosphine-free catalysts for hydrogenation at room temperature.

A series of four original phosphine-free thioether-NHC manganese complexes have been synthesised and fully characterized. These complexes have been applied as efficient catalysts for the hydrogenation of alkenes and ketones at room temperature, with low catalyst loadings (TON up to 900).

Novel clinical trial designs emerging from the molecular reclassification of cancer.

Next-generation sequencing has revealed the disruptive reality that advanced/metastatic cancers have complex and individually distinct genomic landscapes, necessitating a rethinking of treatment strategies and clinical trial designs. Indeed, the molecular reclassification of cancer suggests that it is the molecular underpinnings of the disease, rather than the tissue of origin, that mostly drives outcomes. Consequently, oncology clinical trials have evolved from standard phase 1, 2, and 3 tissue-specific studies; to tissue-specific, biomarker-driven trials; to tissue-agnostic trials untethered from histology (all drug-centered designs); and, ultimately, to patient-centered, N-of-1 precision medicine studies in which each patient receives a personalized, biomarker-matched therapy/combination of drugs.

A double dissociation between semantic and spatial cognition in visual to default network pathways.

Processing pathways between sensory and default mode network (DMN) regions support recognition, navigation, and memory but their organisation is not well understood. We show that functional subdivisions of visual cortex and DMN sit at opposing ends of parallel streams of information processing that support visually mediated semantic and spatial cognition, providing convergent evidence from univariate and multivariate task responses, intrinsic functional and structural connectivity. Participants learned virtual environments consisting of buildings populated with objects, drawn from either a single semantic category or multiple categories.

Effect of repeated sprint training in hypoxia on acute and chronic redox balance modulation.

Little is known regarding the effects high-intensity training performed in hypoxia on the oxidative stress and antioxidant systems. The aim of this study was to assess the potential effect of 4 weeks of repeated sprint training in hypoxia (RSH) on the redox balance. Forty male well-trained cyclists were matched into two different interventions (RSH,  = 20) or in normoxia, RSN,  = 20) and tested twice (before (Pre-) and after (Post-) a 4-week of training) for performance (repeated sprint ability (RSA) test), oxidative stress, and antioxidant status.

Time-Dependent Growth of ZnO Nanowires: Unveiling Antibacterial and Photocatalytic Properties.

This study investigates the synthesis, characterization, and functional properties of well-aligned zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires (NWs) obtained by a two-step hydrothermal method. ZnO NWs were grown on silicon substrates precoated with a ZnO seed layer. The growth process was conducted at 90 °C for different durations (2, 3, and 4 h) to examine the time-dependent evolution of the nanowire properties.

Effective bulk and mass densities of randomly distributed coated cylinders in fluid.

Inhomogeneous media made of random configurations of coated circular cylinders are considered. The effective properties-wave number, mass density, bulk modulus-are discussed and illustrated. The effects of the volume fraction of the scatterers and surrounding fluid are also examined.

Development of the Incompatible Insect Technique targeting : introgression of a wild nuclear background restores the performance of males artificially infected with .

The bacterium is increasingly studied for its potential use in controlling insect vectors or pests due to its ability to induce Cytoplasmic Incompatibility (CI). CI can be exploited by establishing an opportunistic infection in a targeted insect species through trans-infection and then releasing the infected males into the environment as sterilizing agents. Several host life history traits (LHT) have been reported to be negatively affected by artificial infection.

High astrovirus diversity in an endemic bat species suggests multiple spillovers from synanthropic rodents and birds.

Beyond the role of bats as natural host reservoirs of infectious agents, the impact of viral spillover from other animal species to bats has been neglected. Given the limited virus-host specificity of astroviruses (AstVs) and their propensity for cross-species transmission, we hypothesized that AstVs could be transmitted within animal communities (rodents, birds, and bats) and that native endemic bats may be exposed to viruses hosted by other species. We investigated the presence of AstV RNA in 3,796 biological samples collected in Reunion Island from ( = 3421), an endemic free-tailed bat species, and also from small terrestrial mammals and birds: ( = 146), ( = 74), ( = 36), ( = 99), and ( = 20).

Suspected Stonefish Envenomation in Reunion Island: 15 Years Later.

Introduction: Although marine envenomations are a reason for consultation in tropical emergency departments, stonefish stings are particularly feared. Immediate management focuses on pain control, whereas late management addresses cutaneous complications. This study presents a new series and compares the management of these patients and their outcomes at our center over the past 20 years.

Uncovering a new family of conserved virulence factors that promote the production of host-damaging outer membrane vesicles in gram-negative bacteria.

CprA is a short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) that contributes to resistance against colistin and antimicrobial peptides. The cprA gene is conserved across Pseudomonas aeruginosa clades and its expression is directly regulated by the two-component system PmrAB. We have shown that cprA expression leads to the production of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) that block autophagic flux and have a greater capacity to activate the non-canonical inflammasome pathway.

Simultaneous Activation of Beta-Oxidation and De Novo Lipogenesis in MASLD-HCC: A New Paradigm.

Background And Aims: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we combine metabolomic and gene expression analysis to compare HCC tissues with non-tumoural tissues (NTT).

Methods: A non-targeted metabolomic strategy LC-MS was applied to 52 pairs of human MASLD-HCC and NTT separated into 2 groups according to fibrosis severity F0F1-F2 versus F3F4.

Translation of the downstream ORF from bicistronic mRNAs by human cells: Impact of codon usage and splicing in the upstream ORF.

Biochemistry textbooks describe eukaryotic mRNAs as monocistronic. However, increasing evidence reveals the widespread presence and translation of upstream open reading frames preceding the "main" ORF. DNA and RNA viruses infecting eukaryotes often produce polycistronic mRNAs and viruses have evolved multiple ways of manipulating the host's translation machinery.

[Diagnostic and therapeutic approach to unilateral posterior vertical insufficiency].

Introduction: The aim of this article is to present the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to unilateral posterior vertical insufficiency.

Material And Methods: The authors describe the management protocol.

Results: Posterior vertical insufficiency (PVI) manifests clinically as obliquity of the maxillo-mandibular occlusal plane and bicommissural line, and deviation of the chin.

[Facial asymmetries : how to avoid maxillary osteotomy using mini-screws and bite planes? A case series].

Introduction: The cant of the occlusal plane in the frontal plane reflects facial asymmetry. Its treatment requires close collaboration between the orthodontist and the maxillofacial surgeon. In case of mild cant, treatment consists in coordination of dental arches followed by mandibular osteotomy.

[New perspectives on facial asymmetries thanks to 3D vision].

Introduction: Modern orthodontics is undergoing a revolution with the advent of 3D imaging, offering unprecedented perspectives for the evaluation and treatment of facial asymmetries. These asymmetries, whether mandibular, maxillary, or dental, require a deeper understanding of their causes and their aesthetic and functional impact. Additionally, associated functional imbalances must be addressed for comprehensive management.

[Quantification of Facial Asymmetry : A Comprehensive Review of Methods and Applications].

Introduction: Facial asymmetry, present in all human faces at varying degrees, plays a critical role in clinical fields such as orthodontics, orthognathic and plastic surgeries, and craniofacial reconstruction. Accurate quantification of facial asymmetry is essential for diagnosis, treatment planning, and post-surgical evaluation.

Material And Methods: This article examines contemporary methods for quantifying facial asymmetry, including two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) landmark-based approaches, surface curvature analysis, and advanced image-based techniques.

[The value of studying the cervical spine in craniofacial asymmetries].

Introduction: The relationship between facial asymmetry and cervical anomaly is rarely mentioned in the diagnosis of dento-maxillo-facial orthopaedics. It is regrettable that the study of the cervical spine is often ignored in the etio-pathogenesis of these dysmorphoses, particularly in cases of facial asymmetry.

Objective: The aim is twofold: to encourage orthodontists and maxillofacial surgeons to make a systematic study of the cervical spine in craniofacial dysmorphoses and in particular craniofacial asymmetries, without claiming that they are becoming specialists in cervical spine pathology, and to introduce the necessary training in malformations of this anatomical region as part of the orthodontist specialisation curriculum.

[Diagnosis and management of unilateral temporomandibular ankylosis].

Introduction: Temporomandibular joint ankylosis is defined as permanent jaw constriction with an interincisal mouth opening of less than 30 mm, due to bony, fibro-osseous or fibrous fusion. Ankylosis may be uni- or bilateral. The complications of this ankylosis affect the functions of mastication, swallowing and phonation, sometimes facial morphology, and disturb dental hygiene.

[Comparison of facial asymmetry assessment by frontal teleradiography and 3D imaging].

Introduction: The diagnostic approach to facial asymmetries is classically based, in addition to the clinical examination, on a cephalometric analysis carried out on a frontal radiography. Planning of orthognathic surgery requires a three-dimensional (3D) examination to visualize deformities. Nevertheless, the use of cephalometric analysis on 3D imaging remains clinically modest.

How a gene fuels ear infections.

The DYRK1A enzyme is a pivotal contributor to frequent and severe episodes of otitis media in Down syndrome, positioning it as a promising target for therapeutic interventions.

Ascending aortic replacement versus aortic root replacement in patients with type A aortic dissection involving the aortic root.

Background: Extensive surgical resection of the thoracic aorta in patients with type A aortic dissection (TAAD) is thought to reduce the risk of late aortic wall degeneration and the need for repeat aortic operations.

Objectives: We evaluated the early and late outcomes after aortic root replacement and supracoronary ascending aortic replacement in patients with TAAD involving the aortic root.

Design: Retrospective, multicenter cohort study.

Phonon Involved Photoluminescence of Mn Ions Doped CsPbCl Micro-Size Perovskite Assembled Crystals.

Mn ions doped CsPbCl perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) exhibit superiority of spin-associated optical and electrical properties. However, precisely controlling the doping concentration, doping location, and the mono-distribution of Mn ions in the large-micro-size CsPbCl perovskite host is a formidable challenge. Here, the micro size CsPbCl perovskite crystals (MCs) are reported with uniform Mn ions doping by self-assembly of Mn ions doped CsPbCl perovskite NCs.

Chemical and temporal manipulation of early steps in protein assembly tunes the structure and intermolecular interactions of protein-based materials.

The Drosophila intrinsically disordered protein Ultrabithorax (Ubx) undergoes a series of phase transitions, beginning with noncovalent interactions between apparently randomly organized monomers, and evolving over time to form increasingly ordered coacervates. This assembly process ends when specific dityrosine covalent bonds lock the monomers in place, forming macroscale materials. Inspired by this hierarchical, multistep assembly process, we analyzed the impact of protein concentration, assembly time, and subphase composition on the early, noncovalent stages of Ubx assembly, which are extremely sensitive to their environment.