Neoadjuvant Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab Versus Chemotherapy in Resectable Lung Cancer.

Purpose: Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint blockade with nivolumab plus ipilimumab improves overall survival (OS) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, randomized data for resectable lung cancer are limited. We report results from the exploratory concurrently randomized nivolumab plus ipilimumab and chemotherapy arms of the international phase III CheckMate 816 trial.

Methods: Adults with stage IB-IIIA (American Joint Committee on Cancer seventh edition) resectable NSCLC received three cycles of nivolumab once every 2 weeks plus one cycle of ipilimumab or three cycles of chemotherapy (on day 1 or days 1 and 8 of each 3-week cycle) followed by surgery.

Comparing Efficacy of Steroid Irrigation + Steroid-eluting Sinus Stent Versus Steroid Irrigation Alone for Maintaining Frontal Sinus Patency After Sinus Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Steroid rinses and steroid-eluting stents are both options for preventing postoperative stenosis after frontal sinus surgery. This study aimed to assess whether steroid-eluting stents offer added benefit over steroid rinses alone in postoperative healing and long-term frontal sinus patency.

Methods: A randomized controlled trial enrolled patients with CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) who underwent surgery for bilateral and equal frontal sinusitis after failing prior medical therapy.

PARP-1 Inhibition Increases Oxidative Stress in Ets-1-Expressing MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells.

Background: The Ets-1 transcription factor plays a primordial role in regulating the expression of numerous genes implicated in cancer progression. In a previous study, we revealed that poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) inhibition by PJ-34 results in Ets-1 level increase in cells, which is related with cell death of Ets-1-expressing cancer cells.

Aims: The mechanism of the antitumor effect of PARP-1 inhibition was investigated in the Ets-1-expressing MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells.

Seeing in the Future - a Perspective on Combining Light with Chemical Biology Approaches to Treat Retinal Pathologies.

New concepts to treat eye diseases have emerged that elegantly combine unnatural light exposure with chemical biology approaches to achieve superior cellular specificity and, as a result, improvement of visual function. Historically, light exposure without further molecular eye treatment has offered limited success including photocoagulation to halt pathological blood vessel growth or low light exposure to stimulate retinal cell viability. To add cellular specificity to such treatments, researchers have introduced various biological or chemical light-sensing molecules and combined those with light exposure.

Unlocking CO2 Activation with A Novel Ni-Hg-Ni Trinuclear Complex.

Compounds featuring bonds between mercury and transition metals are of interest for their intriguing/ambiguous bonding and scarcely explored reactivities. We report herein the synthesis and reactivities of the new compound [(POCOP)Ni]2Hg, [Ni2Hg], featuring a trinuclear Ni-Hg-Ni core (POCOP = κP,κC,κP´-2,6-(i-Pr2PO)2C6H3). [Ni2Hg] reacts with CO2 to give the carbonate-bridged complex [Ni2CO3].

Energy of Functional Brain States Correlates With Cognition in Adolescent-Onset Schizophrenia and Healthy Persons.

Adolescent-onset schizophrenia (AOS) is relatively rare, under-studied, and associated with more severe cognitive impairments and poorer outcomes than adult-onset schizophrenia. Neuroimaging has shown altered regional activations (first-order effects) and functional connectivity (second-order effects) in AOS compared to controls. The pairwise maximum entropy model (MEM) integrates first- and second-order factors into a single quantity called energy, which is inversely related to probability of occurrence of brain activity patterns.

Synthetic Aspects and Characterization Needs in MOF Chemistry - from Discovery to Applications.

Even if MOFs are recently developed for large-scale applications, the road to applications of MOFs is long and rocky. This requires to overcome challenges associated with phase discovery, synthesis optimization, basic and advanced characterization, and computational studies. Lab-scale results need to be transferred to large-scale processes, which is often not trivial, and life-cycle analyses and techno-economic analyses need to be performed to realistically assess their potential for industrial relevance.

High-Dose Cyproterone Acetate and Intracranial Meningioma: Impact of the Risk Minimisation Measures Implemented in France in 2018-2019.

Purpose: To measure the impact of national regulatory actions implemented in France in August 2018 and June 2019 to reduce the risk of meningioma associated with the use of cyproterone acetate (CPA).

Methods: Using the French National Healthcare database, we calculated the monthly number of CPA users among cisgender women, men and transgender women in 2010-2021, the monthly proportion of users with cerebral imaging screening, and the annual rate of meningioma surgery associated with CPA use. CPA discontinuations and switches were analysed.

Registries on transcatheter edge-to-edge repair in heart failure: Current evidence and future perspectives.

Aims: Secondary mitral regurgitation (SMR) and tricuspid regurgitation (TR) are the most common valvular heart diseases in patients with heart failure (HF). Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) devices designed for treating MR and TR have been successfully tested in randomized controlled trials, but methodological issues have often challenged their interpretation. This manuscript aimed to provide an overview of TEER registries on SMR and TR in HF, highlighting their key features, describing clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients receiving these devices, and exploring the available data limitations.

The effect of the type of anaesthesia on long-term outcomes after cancer resection surgery: a narrative review.

Background: The peri-operative period may create a biological environment conducive to cancer cell survival and dissemination. Microscopic residual tumours (micrometastases) can be dislodged even with excellent surgical technique. At the same time, the stress response from surgery can temporarily impair immune function and activate inflammatory processes, increasing the risk of tumour proliferation.

Maternal Prepregnancy Obesity and Offspring Intelligence Quotient at 5 Years: A Multicohort Analysis.

Background: The relationship between maternal obesity and childhood cognitive development remains unclear. Prior studies did not adjust for important confounders, and preterm infants are a developmentally distinct group that remains scarcely examined.

Objectives: To determine whether maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) is associated with offspring intelligence quotient (IQ) up to 5 years and whether this relationship varies with gestational age.

Clinical and Electrophysiological Characteristics of 23 French Patients With Neurolymphomatosis.

Introduction/aims: Neurolymphomatosis is a hematological condition defined by the direct infiltration of malignant lymphomatous cells into the peripheral nervous system. Since nerve conduction studies may disclose demyelinating features, clinicians may misdiagnose neurolymphomatosis as chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). This study aimed to determine whether patients with neurolymphomatosis met the 2021 revised criteria for CIDP.

Comparison of Long-Term Performance of Porcine versus Pericardial Bioprostheses.

Background: The long-term comparative results between porcine and pericardial bioprostheses for surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) is debated. Scarce information exists concerning direct comparative evaluation among contemporary devices. We compared late and very late results in a single center series (N=3,983 cases).

Visual attention matters during word recognition: A Bayesian modeling approach.

It is striking that visual attention, the process by which attentional resources are allocated in the visual field so as to locally enhance visual perception, is a pervasive component of models of eye movements in reading, but is seldom considered in models of isolated word recognition. We describe BRAID, a new Bayesian word-Recognition model with Attention, Interference and Dynamics. As most of its predecessors, BRAID incorporates three sensory, perceptual, and orthographic knowledge layers together with a lexical membership submodel.

Prognosis Associated with Complete Pathological Response Following Neoadjuvant Treatment for PancreaTic AdenOcarciNOma in the FOFLIRINOX Era: the Multicenter TONO Study.

Background: The use of multiagent FOLFIRINOX chemotherapy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma in a neoadjuvant setting has been associated with an increased rate of complete pathological response (CPR) after surgery. This study investigated the long-term outcomes of patients with CPR in a multicenter setting to identify prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study examined biopsy-proven pancreatic adenocarcinomas with CPR after neoadjuvant chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy and surgery, between January 2006 and December 2023 across 22 French and  2 Belgian centers.

Interplay between the Xer recombination system and the dissemination of antibioresistance in Acinetobacter baumannii.

Antibiotic-resistant infections are a pressing clinical challenge. Plasmids are known to accelerate the emergence of resistance by facilitating horizontal gene transfer of antibiotic resistance genes between bacteria. We explore this question in Acinetobacter baumannii, a globally emerging nosocomial pathogen responsible for a wide range of infections with a worrying accumulation of resistance, particularly involving plasmids.

Mental Health Care Utilization and Prescription Rates Among Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults in France.

Importance: Amid escalating mental health challenges among young individuals, intensified by the COVID-19 pandemic, analyzing postpandemic trends is critical.

Objective: To examine mental health care utilization and prescription rates for children, adolescents, and young adults before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This population-based time trend study used an interrupted time series analysis to examine mental health care and prescription patterns among the French population 25 years and younger.

Fabrication and evaluation of pH/thermo dual responsive hydrogels as controlled ibuprofen sodium depot.

Ibuprofen sodium (IBP) is a commonly used NSAID for multiple pain conditions. However, despite its extensive use, it is associated with multiple GIT adverse effects after oral administration. In the present study, we have fabricated thermoresponsive gel depot using Poly (N-vinylcaprolactam) and sodium alginate as polymers.

A data-driven model of disability progression in progressive multiple sclerosis.

This study applies the Gaussian process progression model, a Bayesian data-driven disease progression model, to analyse the evolution of primary progressive multiple sclerosis. Utilizing data from 1521 primary progressive multiple sclerosis participants collected within the International Progressive Multiple Sclerosis Alliance Project, the analysis includes 18 581 longitudinal time-points (average follow-up time: 28.2 months) of disability assessments including the expanded disability status scale, symbol digit modalities, timed 25-foot-walk, 9-hole-peg test and of MRI metrics such as T1 and T2 lesion volume and normalized brain volume.