Morphological study of the anterior dentition in Raoellidae (Mammalia, Artiodactyla), new insight on their dietary habits.

Raoellidae are small artiodactyls from the Indian subcontinent closely related to stem cetaceans. They bring crucial information to understand the early phase of the land-to-water transition in Cetacea. If they are considered to be partly aquatic, the question of their dietary habits remains partly understood due to their "transitional" morphology.

Pogo transposons provide tools to restrict cancer growth.

Transposable elements provide material for novel gene formation. In particular, DNA transposons have contributed several essential genes involved in various physiological or pathological conditions. Here, we discuss recent findings by Tu et al.

2D-transperineal ultrasound in delivery room: contribution in assessing labor progress, predicting outcome of labor and recognizing obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS). A systematic review.

Aims: Ultrasound is used in the delivery room to assess fetal head position, engagement during labor, and anal sphincter injuries in the immediate postpartum period. The transperineal approach allows for direct visualization of the structures of interest without altering anatomical landmarks. Various ultrasound measurements during labor have been described in the literature, and their use varies widely across maternity units.

Epidemiology of Major Amputation Following Diabetic Foot Ulcer: Insights from Recent Nationwide Data in the French National Health Registry (SNDS).

Objective: The out-of-hospital care pathways of people with DFU have been little studied. We used the French National Health Data System (SNDS) to collect refund and care pathway data for all French residents. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of major lower limb amputation (MA) and associated risk factors in a population with an incident DFU.

Development of a StIW111C-based bioresponsive pore-forming conjugate for permeabilizing the endosomal membrane.

Gene expression manipulation is pivotal in therapeutic approaches for various diseases. Non-viral delivery systems present a safer alternative to viral vectors, with reduced immunogenicity and toxicity. However, their effectiveness in promoting endosomal escape, a crucial step in gene transfer, remains limited.

Synthesis and physico-chemical investigation of thiolated dextran derivative: Design and application of a redox-responsive drug delivery system.

In the present investigation, redox-responsive-based dextran carriers were developed for the controlled release of hydrophobic molecules via a reducing agent naturally present in cells, namely glutathione. In this sense, dextran was modified with a thiol derivative. The roles of the hydrophilic segments in the molecular self-organisation of polysaccharide derivatives into nanoparticles were investigated by varying the average dextran molar mass.

Fine social discrimination of siblings in mice: Implications for early detection of Alzheimer's disease.

The ability to distinguish between individuals is crucial for social species and supports behaviors such as reproduction, hierarchy formation, and cooperation. In rodents, social discrimination relies on memory and the recognition of individual-specific cues, known as "individual signatures". While olfactory signals are central, other sensory cues - such as auditory, visual, and tactile inputs - also play a role.

Simple Method to Predict Lymphocyte Collection for Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Engineering.

Introduction: T lymphocyte collection is essential for CAR T-cell engineering in refractory hematologic malignancies but needs to be optimised. No guidelines have been established for predicting the amount of T lymphocytes to be collected. The quantity of lymphocytes and especially T cells collected depends on the pre-cytapheresis lymphocyte blood level (pcLBL) and the number of blood volumes (BVs) processed.

Differences in maternal diet fiber content influence patterns of gene expression and chromatin accessibility in fetuses and piglets.

This study investigates the impact of maternal gestation diets with varying fiber contents on gene expression and chromatin accessibility in fetuses and piglets fed a low fiber diet post weaning. High-fiber maternal diets, enriched with sugar beet pulp or pea internal fiber, were compared to a low-fiber maternal diet to evaluate their effects on liver and muscle tissues. The findings demonstrate that maternal high-fiber diets significantly alter chromatin accessibility, predicted transcription factor activity and transcriptional landscape in both fetuses and piglets.

The impact of neoadjuvant therapy in patients with left-sided resectable pancreatic cancer: an international multicenter study.

Purpose: To assess the association between neoadjuvant therapy and overall survival (OS) in patients with left-sided resectable pancreatic cancer (RPC) compared to upfront surgery.

Background: Left-sided pancreatic cancer is associated with worse OS compared to right-sided pancreatic cancer. Although neoadjuvant therapy is currently seen as not effective in patients with RPC, current randomized trials included mostly patients with right-sided RPC.

A randomised phase III study of bevacizumab and carboplatin-pemetrexed chemotherapy with or without atezolizumab, as first-line treatment for advanced pleural mesothelioma: results of the ETOP 13 18 BEAT-meso trial.

Background: The currently approved frontline treatments for diffuse pleural mesothelioma (DPM) are ipilimumab-nivolumab or platinum-pemetrexed. The addition of bevacizumab to chemotherapy improves overall survival (OS). While single-agent immunotherapy or chemotherapy-immunotherapy combinations are superior to chemotherapy monotherapy, there is a potential for synergistic triple combination of chemotherapy, bevacizumab, and immunotherapy.

Application of Artificial Intelligence to Analyze Data from Randomized Controlled Trials: An Example from DECAAF-II.

Background: Causal machine learning (ML) provides an efficient way of identifying heterogeneous treatment effect groups from hundreds of possible combinations, especially for randomized trial data.

Objective: The aim of this paper is to illustrate the potential of applying causal ML on the DECAAF II trial data. We proposed a causal ML model to predict the treatment response heterogeneity.

Bioenergetic adaptations of small intestinal epithelial cells reduce cell differentiation enhancing intestinal permeability in obese mice.

Background: Obesity and overweight are associated with low-grade inflammation induced by adipose tissue expansion and perpetuated by altered intestinal homeostasis, including increased epithelial permeability. Intestinal epithelium functions are supported by intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) mitochondria function.

Methods And Results: Here, we report that diet-induced obesity (DIO) in mice induces lipid metabolism adaptations favoring lipid storage in IEC together with reduced number, altered dynamics and diminished oxidative phosphorylation activity of IEC mitochondria.

Acute and chronic systemic inflammation associated with canine nodular splenic lesions composed of heterogeneous cell components: four cases (2020-2024).

Objectives: To describe the clinical presentation and clinicopathological findings of dogs with nodular splenic lesions composed of heterogeneous cell components associated with systemic inflammation and to provide information on the outcome after surgical resection.

Materials And Methods: Medical records were searched for dogs with histologically and immunohistochemically characterised nodular splenic lesions with mixed stromal, histiocytic and lymphoid cells and the presence of systemic inflammatory markers at the time of diagnosis.

Results: Four dogs were included, of which three had an undifferentiated splenic stromal sarcoma and one had a splenic leiomyosarcoma.

Compartmental location of middle ear inflammatory polyps in cats: 9 cases (2021-2023).

Objectives: To report the compartmental location of feline aural inflammatory polyps within the tympanic bulla.

Materials And Methods: Nine client-owned cats with clinical signs and middle ear filling consistent with feline aural inflammatory polyps were prospectively pre-selected and underwent unilateral or bilateral ventral bulla osteotomy. Preoperative and surgical findings, complications and outcomes were recorded.

"Are you ready?" A longitudinal interpretative phenomenological analysis of couples' experiences with breast reconstruction decision-making.

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to explore women's and their male partners' experiences with breast reconstruction (BR) decision and to study the evolution of their experiences since undergoing mastectomy to one year after.

Methods: Unstructured individual interviews with four couples facing mastectomy for breast cancer and BR decision-making were conducted following mastectomy (T1) and one year after mastectomy (T2). Longitudinal interpretative phenomenological analysis (LIPA) was conducted on the data.

Trends and gaps in hydroxychloroquine and COVID-19 research (2020-2023): Performance and conceptual mapping.

Background: Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine (CQ) and Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) are antimalarial drugs with well-known anti-inflammatory and antiviral effects used to treat various diseases, with few side effects. After COVID-19 emergence, numerous researches from around the world have examined the potential of using CQ or HCQ as potential treatment of COVID-19. However, conflicting outcomes have been found in COVID-19 clinical trials after treatment with CQ or HCQ.

FRED-EPI study: Safety and efficacy of FRED/FRED Jr aneurysm treatment in current clinical practice.

Objective: Flow diversion is increasingly used as an endovascular treatment for intracranial aneurysms. FRED-EPI is a prospective, multicenter, French study, conducted to analyze the safety and efficacy of aneurysm treatment with FRED/FRED Jr (Microvention, AlisoViejo, CA, USA) in current clinical practice.

Patients And Methods: Patients with intracranial aneurysms treated with FRED and FRED Jr who agreed to participate were prospectively and consecutively included in all French centers using these devices.

Smoking and testicular cancer: A Danish nationwide cohort study.

Background: Testicular cancer (TC) incidence has increased worldwide, but specific exposures of TC still need investigation. In this cohort study, we investigated the association between mothers' smoking and the risk of TC in their sons. TC was divided into the morphological subtype seminoma and non-seminomas.

Effects of instant controlled pressure drop on amaranth phytochemicals and antioxidant capacity.

Amaranth is a pre-Columbian staple crop used as a nutritious gluten-free grain associated with several health properties. Instant Controlled Pressure Drop (DIC) is an emerging technology used in many food industries. This study evaluates the effect of DIC treatment on amaranth.

ICU-Acquired Superinfections Before And During The COVID-19 Pandemic: Similarities And Differences.

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, intensive care units (ICUs) experienced a surge in patients with viral pneumonia, often leading to acute respiratory failure. A global rise in ICU superinfections was observed; however, it remains unclear whether the extensive use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, corticosteroids, and immunosuppressants contributed to this rise.

Objectives: We aim to identify clinical factors associated with these superinfections while analyzing epidemiologic patterns of superinfections in two different periods.

Beyond equilibrium: roles of RNAs in condensate control.

Membraneless subcompartments organize various activities in the cell nucleus. Some of them are formed through phase separation that is driven by the polymeric and multivalent nature of biomolecules. Here, we discuss the role of RNAs in regulating nuclear subcompartments.

Visual collective behaviors on spherical robots.

The implementation of collective motion, traditionally, disregard the limited sensing capabilities of an individual, to instead assuming an omniscient perception of the environment. This study implements a visual flocking model in a ``robot-in-the-loop'' approach to reproduce these behaviors with a flock composed of 10 independent spherical robots. The model achieves robotic collective motion by only using panoramic visual information of each robot, such as retinal position, optical size and optic flow of the neighboring robots.

CoReSi: a GPU-based software for Compton camera reconstruction and simulation in collimator-free SPECT.

Compton cameras are imaging devices that may improve observation of sources of γ photons. We present CoReSi, a Compton Reconstruction and Simulation software implemented in Python and powered by PyTorch to leverage multi-threading and for easy interfacing with image processing and deep learning algorithms. The code is mainly dedicated to medical imaging and for near-field experiments where the images are reconstructed in 3D.