Stroke Triage Alpha Rescue Score (STARS): Prehospital phone-based tool to identify cerebral large vessel occlusion.

Introduction: Prehospital identification of stroke patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) is crucial to optimize transport to an endovascular thrombectomy (EVT)-capable center. Existing scores require medical or paramedical expertise and specific teachings. We aimed to validate a simple prehospital phone-based score for LVO identification.

Management of pilonidal sinus and recurrences in 2025.

Pilonidal sinus is a common pathology of the intergluteal cleft that can develop into abscess or suppuration. This lesion corresponds histologically to a granuloma that organizes around foreign bodies, most often hairs, and fistulizes to the skin through partially epithelialized orifices. If suppuration and abscess develop, treatment is based either on medical treatment combining analgesics, local antiseptics and sometimes antibiotics, or on emergency incision and drainage in the operating room.

Interleukin-17: A pleiotropic cytokine implicated in inflammatory, infectious, and malignant disorders.

IL-17A, referred to as IL-17, is the founding member of a family of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-17B, IL-17C, IL-17D, IL-17E (or IL-25), and IL-17F, which act via receptors IL-17RA to IL-17RE, and elicit potent cellular responses that impact diverse diseases. IL-17's interactions with various cytokines include forming a heterodimer with IL-17F and being stimulated by IL-23's activation of Th17 cells, which can lead to inflammation and autoimmunity. IL-17 is implicated in infectious diseases and inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis, promoting neutrophil recruitment and anti-bacterial immunity, but potentially exacerbating fungal and viral infections, revealing its dual role as protective and pathologic.

Jawline improvement using patient-specific angle implants with virtual planning in orthognathic surgery.

There has been a recent increase in the global demand for jawline augmentation. Managing angle definition in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery remains challenging owing to the characteristics of classic mandibular osteotomy, which mostly allows sagittal mandibular movements but cannot modify the ramus height. The advent of computer-assisted surgical planning and computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing techniques for patient-specific implant fabrication has introduced new methods for jawline management.

Uncorrected ametropia in children with limited access to ocular health care.

Introduction: The primary objective of this study is to describe the refractive needs of vulnerable children according to their social security status. The secondary objective of this study is to describe the types of ametropia in this population of children with limited access to ocular health care.

Methods: Children with limited access to ocular health care were recruited.

Physiological and cerebral hemodynamic changes during routine nursing procedures for very preterm infants.

Background: Care procedures for preterm infants can induce stress that may disrupt homeostasis, possibly altering cerebral perfusion or oxygenation. We evaluated the physiological and cerebral oxygenation changes during the routine care of very preterm infants.

Methods: We analyzed the changes in heart and respiratory rates and in systemic and regional cerebral oxygen saturation of 27 very preterm infants, defining three care periods of 5 min each: 30 min before care, 30 min during care, and 30 min after care.

Evaluation of professional practices in the use of mexiletine for the management of childhood myotonia in French pediatric neuromuscular centers (MEXI-PEDI survey).

Background: Myotonia is the main feature of both myotonic dystrophy (DM) and non-dystrophic myotonia (NDM). It is felt as stiffness, pain, fatigue, and weakness. In France, mexiletine, a non-selective voltage-gated sodium channel blocker, is approved for the treatment of myotonia in adults with NDM, and it has a temporary recommendation for use in the symptomatic treatment of DM in adults.

Pseudotumoural optic neuritis in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease in children: Pseudotumoural optic neuritis in MOG antibody-associated disease.

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is a neuro-inflammatory condition affecting adults and children. The presentations vary and include acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, optic neuritis or transverse myelitis. Optic neuritis associated with anti-MOG antibodies is typically bilateral, anterior and initially severe but usually resolves quickly and completely.

From pediatric emergency department to pediatric intensive care unit: a retrospective study in a French Tertiary University hospital.

Objective: The management of a child presenting with a critical medical or surgical condition is a scarce event in the pediatric emergency department (PED). In this one year retrospective study, we have tried to better characterize the profile and care pathway of children who had been transferred to the neonatal or pediatric intensive care or critical care units (PICCU) after a visit to the PED, or died in PED.

Methods: Retrospective study of children who has been transferred to PICCU from the two PED of Marseille's University Hospital from the 1 of January 2022 until the 31 of December 2022.

Primary adrenal insufficiency in children excluding congenital adrenal hyperplasia: insights from 33-year single-center experience in Tunisia.

Background: Primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is the most common cause of PAI in children. To date, numerous non-CAH causes have been identified through genetic analysis but they remain poorly characterized.

Food protein induced enterocolitis syndrome: French practices assessment in children.

Background: Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is a specific non IgE-mediated food allergy. The international consensus guidelines defined diagnosis criteria and management plan in 2017.

Objectives: To assess practices regarding FPIES in France and in French-speaking countries, according to those guidelines.

Intersectoral professionals' understanding of the prevention of sexual violence against children, their role and that of the GP: A study using semi-structured interviews: Prevention of sexual violence against children.

Background: In 2020, the WHO reported a European prevalence of 9.6 % of sexual abuse among children, and called on every country to improve prevention of such violence.

Objective: To explore the understanding of an intersectional sample of professionals of their role and that of the general practitioner (GP) in the primary and secondary prevention of sexual violence against children (SVAC).

Early osteopathic manipulative treatment to prevent cranial positional deformities: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Cranial positional deformities occur frequently in the first months of life.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) in preventing the onset of positional plagiocephaly and brachycephaly at 4 months in at-risk newborns.

Methods: This single-center, randomized, controlled open-label study, with blinded assessment of the endpoints, was carried out at the maternity unit of Montpellier University Hospital (France) between 2019 and 2022.

The role of nutritional vitamin D in CKD-MBD in children and adults with CKD, on dialysis and after kidney transplantation - a European consensus statement.

Vitamin D deficiency is common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and associates with poor outcomes. Current clinical practice guidelines recommend supplementation with nutritional vitamin D as for the general population. However, recent large-scale, clinical trials in the general population failed to demonstrate a benefit of vitamin D supplementation on skeletal or non-skeletal outcomes, fueling a debate on the rationale for screening for and correcting vitamin D deficiency, both in non-CKD and CKD populations.

Sequential and Time-Controlled Sol-Gel Transitions by Mechanical Switching of Molecular Tweezers.

Controlling the motion of molecular machines to influence higher-order structures is well-established in biological systems but remains a significant challenge for synthetic analogs. Herein, we aim to harness the mechanical switching of switchable molecular tweezers to modulate their self-assembly and produce stimuli-responsive organogels. We report a series of terpy(Pt-salphen) molecular tweezers functionalized with alkyl chains that act as low-molecular-weight gelators (LMWGs) in their open conformation.

Healthy Lifestyle in the First 1000 Days and Overweight and Obesity Throughout Childhood.

Objectives: Investigate associations of different family healthy lifestyle scores (HLS) during the first 1000 days with childhood overweight and obesity (OWOB).

Methods: Cohort-specific analyses were conducted on participants (n = 25 006) from 4 European birth cohorts (The study on the pre- and early postnatal determinants of child health and development [EDEN], Elfe, France; Generation R, the Netherlands; and Lifeways, Ireland). Three composite HLSs were calculated: a maternal pregnancy HLS based on prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and diet quality, physical activity, smoking status, and alcohol consumption during pregnancy; a parental pregnancy HLS additionally considering paternal BMI and smoking status; and an infancy HLS based on breastfeeding duration, age of solid food introduction, and exposure to passive smoking.

EXPLORATORY STRUCTURAL NEUROIMAGING EXAMINATION OF IMPULSIVITY IN SEVERE ALCOHOL USE DISORDER: PERSISTENT IMPLICATION OF THE VENTRAL STRIATUM.

Background: While Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is frequently associated with impulsivity, its structural brain substrates are still poorly defined. The triadic model of addiction postulates that impulsive behavior is regulated by an amygdalo-striatal impulsive subcomponent, a prefrontal and cerebellar reflective subcomponent, and an insular regulatory subcomponent. The objective of this study was thus to examine the relationships between self-evaluated impulsivity and structural brain abnormalities in patients with severe AUD (sAUD) using the triadic model as a theoretical framework.

Effects of blood-brain barrier opening using ultrasound on tauopathies: A systematic review.

Unlabelled: Blood-brain barrier opening with ultrasound can potentiate drug efficacy in the treatment of brain pathologies and also provides therapeutic effects on its own. It is an innovative tool to transiently, repeatedly and safely open the barrier, with studies showing beneficial effects in both preclinical models for Alzheimer's disease and recent clinical studies. The first preclinical and clinical work has mainly shown a decrease in amyloid burden in mice models and in patients.

Brain inflammation and cognitive decline induced by spinal cord injury can be reversed by spinal cord cell transplants.

Spinal cord injuries (SCIs) impact between 250,000 and 500,000 people worldwide annually, often resulting from road accidents or falls. These injuries frequently lead to lasting disabilities, with the severity depending on the injury's extent and location. Emerging research also links SCIs to cognitive impairments due to brain inflammation.

Nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus nivolumab in microsatellite instability-high metastatic colorectal cancer (CheckMate 8HW): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial.

Background: CheckMate 8HW prespecified dual primary endpoints, assessed in patients with centrally confirmed microsatellite instability-high or mismatch repair-deficient status: progression-free survival with nivolumab plus ipilimumab compared with chemotherapy as first-line therapy and progression-free survival with nivolumab plus ipilimumab compared with nivolumab alone, regardless of previous systemic treatment for metastatic disease. In our previous report, nivolumab plus ipilimumab showed superior progression-free survival versus chemotherapy in first-line microsatellite instability-high or mismatch repair-deficient metastatic colorectal cancer in the CheckMate 8HW trial. Here, we report results from the prespecified interim analysis for the other primary endpoint of progression-free survival for nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus nivolumab across all treatment lines.

Bone Stress Injury Epidemiology and Risk Factors in Female Off-Road Runners: A Systematic Review.

Background: Off-road running is a growing sport with little research investigating injury profiles of female participants. Bone stress injuries (BSIs) are a particularly detrimental injury with little known about their incidence and risk factors in female off-road runners.

Objective: Collate and review the available evidence reporting epidemiological data and risk factors associated with BSI in female off-road runners.