Wild bees show local spatial and temporal dynamics in southeastern US blueberry farmscapes.

Wild bee communities are the target of various conservation and ecological restoration programs. Strategic conservation can influence bee communities visiting fields and help mitigate pollinator limitations in fruit production. However, planning compatible conservation strategies and gauging their effectiveness requires understanding how local communities vary across space and time in crops and adjacent semi-natural areas.

Coupling of single nanodiamonds hosting SiV color centers to plasmonic double bowtie microantennas.

Color centers are promising single-photon emitters owing to their operation at room temperature and high photostability. In particular, using nanodiamonds as a host material is of interest for sensing and metrology. Furthermore, being a solid-state system allows for incorporation to photonic systems to tune both the emission intensity and photoluminescence spectrum and therefore adapt the individual color center to desired properties.

Prospective associations between organisational changes and health outcomes among French employees who remained in employment.

Objectives: To explore the prospective associations of organisational changes with health outcomes among employees who remained in employment.

Methods: The study relied on the prospective data of the national French working conditions survey collected from employees and their employers in 2013, 2016 and 2019. The study sample included 4480 private sector employees.

"Knife cut technique". A new way for intra ocular lens (IOL) explantation.

Purpose: We report a novel technique which enables to cut any kind of foldable lens and extract it using capsulorhexis forceps and a 1.2 mm single-use slit angled knife.

Methods: The technique consists in using the capsulorhexis forceps to mantain and stabilize the IOL in the anterior chamber, and while one hand holds the IOL in that way, the second hand introduces a 1.

Hypoxia-Initiated Supramolecular Free Radicals Induce Intracellular Polymerization for Precision Tumor Therapy.

Despite the development of various controlled release systems for antitumor therapies, off-target side effects remain a persistent challenge. In situ therapeutic synthesis from biocompatible substances offers a safer and more precise alternative. This study presents a hypoxia-initiated supramolecular free radical system capable of inducing intracellular polymerization, thereby disrupting the cytoskeleton and organelles within 4T1 cells.

Floodplain forests drive fruit-eating fish diversity at the Amazon Basin-scale.

Unlike most rivers globally, nearly all lowland Amazonian rivers have unregulated flow, supporting seasonally flooded floodplain forests. Floodplain forests harbor a unique tree species assemblage adapted to flooding and specialized fauna, including fruit-eating fish that migrate seasonally into floodplains, favoring expansive floodplain areas. Frugivorous fish are forest-dependent fauna critical to forest regeneration via seed dispersal and support commercial and artisanal fisheries.

Codon bias, nucleotide selection, and genome size predict in situ bacterial growth rate and transcription in rewetted soil.

In soils, the first rain after a prolonged dry period represents a major pulse event impacting soil microbial community function, yet we lack a full understanding of the genomic traits associated with the microbial response to rewetting. Genomic traits such as codon usage bias and genome size have been linked to bacterial growth in soils-however, often through measurements in culture. Here, we used metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) with O-water stable isotope probing and metatranscriptomics to track genomic traits associated with growth and transcription of soil microorganisms over one week following rewetting of a grassland soil.

Arctic soil carbon insulation averts large spring cooling from surface-atmosphere feedbacks.

The insulative properties of soil organic carbon (SOC) and surface organic layers (moss, lichens, litter) regulate surface-atmosphere energy exchanges in the Arctic through a coupling with soil temperatures. However, a physical description of this process is lacking in many climate models, potentially biasing their high-latitude climate predictions. Using a coupled surface-atmosphere model, we identified a strong feedback loop between soil insulation, surface air temperature, and snowfall.

Casein Kinases 2-dependent phosphorylation of the placental ligand VAR2CSA regulates Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes cytoadhesion.

Placental malaria is characterized by the massive accumulation and sequestration of infected erythrocytes in the placental intervillous blood spaces, causing severe birth outcomes. The variant surface antigen VAR2CSA is associated with Plasmodium falciparum sequestration in the placenta via its capacity to adhere to chondroitin sulfate A. We have previously shown that the extracellular region of VAR2CSA is phosphorylated on several residues and that the phosphorylation enhances the adhesive properties of CSA-binding infected erythrocytes.

Genomic exploration of the journey of Plasmodium vivax in Latin America.

Plasmodium vivax is the predominant malaria parasite in Latin America. Its colonization history in the region is rich and complex, and is still highly debated, especially about its origin(s). Our study employed cutting-edge population genomic techniques to analyze whole genome variation from 620 P.

Dialogue mechanisms between astrocytic and neuronal networks: A whole-brain modelling approach.

Astrocytes critically shape whole-brain structure and function by forming extensive gap junctional networks that intimately and actively interact with neurons. Despite their importance, existing computational models of whole-brain activity ignore the roles of astrocytes while primarily focusing on neurons. Addressing this oversight, we introduce a biophysical neural mass network model, designed to capture the dynamic interplay between astrocytes and neurons via glutamatergic and GABAergic transmission pathways.

Ambivalent partnership of the Drosophila posterior class Hox protein Abdominal-B with Extradenticle and Homothorax.

Hox proteins, a sub-group of the homeodomain (HD) transcription factor family, provide positional information for axial patterning in development and evolution. Hox protein functional specificity is reached, at least in part, through interactions with Pbc (Extradenticle (Exd) in Drosophila) and Meis/Prep (Homothorax (Hth) in Drosophila) proteins. Most of our current knowledge of Hox protein specificity stems from the study of anterior and central Hox proteins, identifying the molecular and structural bases for Hox/Pbc/Meis-Prep cooperative action.

Identification of novel genes responsible for a pollen killer present in local natural populations of Arabidopsis thaliana.

Gamete killers are genetic loci that distort segregation in the progeny of hybrids because the killer allele promotes the elimination of the gametes that carry the sensitive allele. They are widely distributed in eukaryotes and are important for understanding genome evolution and speciation. We had previously identified a pollen killer in hybrids between two distant natural accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana.

Inpatient service utilization amongst infants diagnosed with Respiratory Syncytial Virus infection (RSV) in the United States.

Introduction: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of hospitalization among US infants. Characterizing service utilization during infant RSV hospitalizations may provide important information for prioritizing resources and interventions.

Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the procedures and services received by infants hospitalized during their first RSV episode in their first RSV season, in addition to what proportion of infants died during this hospitalization.

Use of assistive technology to assess distal motor function in subjects with neuromuscular disease.

Unlabelled: Among the 32 items of the Motor Function Measure scale, 3 concern the assessment of hand function on a paper-based support. Their characteristics make it possible to envisage the use of a tablet instead of the original paper-based support for their completion. This would then make it possible to automate the score to reduce intra- and inter-individual variability.

Dynamic Control of Weight-Update Linearity in Magneto-Ionic Synapses.

Multifunctional hardware technologies for neuromorphic computing are essential for replicating the complexity of biological neural systems, thereby improving the performance of artificial synapses and neurons. Integrating ionic and spintronic technologies offers new degrees of freedom to modulate synaptic potentiation and depression, introducing novel magnetic functionalities alongside the established ionic analogue behavior. We demonstrate that magneto-ionic devices can perform as synaptic elements with dynamically tunable depression linearity controlled by an external magnetic field, a functionality reminiscent of neuromodulation in biological systems.

Estimation of Dislocation Densities With Nondestructive Scanning Electron Microscope Techniques: Application to Gallium Nitride.

Characterizing threading dislocations (TDs) in gallium nitride (GaN) semiconductors is crucial for ensuring the reliability of semiconductor devices. The current research addresses this issue by combining two techniques using a scanning electron microscope, namely electron channeling contrast imaging (ECCI) and high-resolution electron backscattered diffraction (HR-EBSD). It is a comparative study of these techniques to underscore how they perform in the evaluation of TD densities in GaN epitaxial layers.

Near-Surface Concentration Profile of Sheared Semidilute Polymer Solutions.

Controlling the structure of polymer solutions near a solid surface is crucial for many industrial processes as it significantly impacts solution flow and influences slip at the interface. To date, only a few techniques have been developed to experimentally investigate this type of interface at the nanometric scale of solid/liquid interactions. In this study, we probe the interface between a smooth sapphire surface and a semidilute polystyrene solution, using neutron reflectivity.

Synthetic Strategy for Unsymmetrical α-Fluoro-α'-aryl Ketones.

α-Fluoro-α'-aryl ketones are crucial in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. However, synthesizing unsymmetrical α-fluoro-α'-aryl ketones poses regioselective challenges. This study presents a one-pot aryl-oxy-fluorination method for synthesizing such unsymmetrical fluoro-aryl ketones.

Impact of simulation and reference catalogues on the evaluation of taxonomic profiling pipelines.

Microbiome profiling tools rely on reference catalogues, which significantly affect their performance. Comparing them is, however, challenging, mainly due to differences in their native catalogues. In this study, we present a novel standardized benchmarking framework that makes such comparisons more accurate.