Running trends in Switzerland from 1999 to 2019: An exploratory observational study.

Background: Several single race events (5 km, 10 km, half-marathon, marathon, ultra-marathon) in different countries and different years have been analyzed in multiple studies, representing the rising interest in endurance-based activity and thus physical health. With focus on participation numbers, performance or sex difference, many single study results were obtained. The running trends in a whole country covering a longer period of time and several race distances are missing so far.

Feeding interruptions for extubation and other procedures.

Purpose Of Review: The objective of this review is to examine the available evidence concerning feeding interruptions before extubation and other medical procedures in ICUs. We will analyze the physiological mechanisms involved, the potential risks associated with feeding interruptions, as well as the results of recent clinical studies. Additionally, we will explore current practices and recommendations from major professional societies, as well as recent innovations aimed at minimizing feeding interruptions.

Structural characterization of the ACDC domain from ApiAP2 proteins, a potential molecular target against apicomplexan parasites.

The apicomplexan AP2 (ApiAP2) proteins are the best characterized family of DNA-binding proteins in Plasmodium spp. malaria parasites. Apart from the AP2 DNA-binding domain, there is little sequence similarity between ApiAP2 proteins.

Interatomic Coulombic decay in lithium-doped large helium nanodroplets induced by photoelectron impact excitation.

Irradiation of condensed matter with ionizing radiation generally causes direct photoionization as well as secondary processes that often dominate the ionization dynamics. Here, large helium (He) nanodroplets with radius ≳ 40 nm doped with lithium (Li) atoms are irradiated with extreme ultraviolet (XUV) photons of energy hν ≥ 44.4 eV and indirect ionization of the Li dopants is observed in addition to direct photoionization of the He droplets.

High-resolution X-ray phase-contrast tomography of human placenta with different wavefront markers.

Phase-contrast micro-tomography ([Formula: see text]CT) with synchrotron radiation can aid in the differentiation of subtle density variations in weakly absorbing soft tissue specimens. Modulation-based imaging (MBI) extracts phase information from the distortion of reference patterns, generated by periodic or randomly structured wavefront markers (e.g.

Selective area molecular beam epitaxy of InSb on InP(111)B: from thin films to quantum nanostructures.

InSb is a material of choice for infrared as well as spintronic devices but its integration on large lattice mismatched semi-insulating III-V substrates has so far altered its exceptional properties. Here, we investigate the direct growth of InSb on InP(111)B substrates with molecular beam epitaxial growth. Despite the lack of a thick metamorphic buffer layer for accommodation, we show that quasi-continuous thin films can be achieved using a very high Sb/In flux ratio.

Urinary prostaglandin metabolites evaluation for activity monitoring in inflammatory bowel disease.

Inflammatory bowel diseases cause chronic intestinal inflammation, including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Prostaglandin E-major urinary metabolite (PGE-MUM) is a urine biomarker for disease activity in IBD. This study evaluated PGE-MUM performance for predicting an active disease in patients with CD and UC.

How many stroke survivors develop problematic spasticity requiring pharmacological therapy? An international (Europe and USA) observational study protocol.

Introduction: Current care plans for stroke survivors typically focus on acute management, resulting in many stroke survivors being discharged to their communities without adequate follow-up, despite their often experiencing significant post-stroke complications, such as post-stroke spasticity (PSS). While studies have explored the incidence and prevalence of PSS, little is known about how early PSS develops and how many stroke survivors develop 'problematic' PSS that would benefit from pharmacological treatment.

Methods And Analysis: EPITOME is a prospective, international, observational, epidemiological study of participants (aged 18-90 years) who develop paresis within days 3-14 of a first-ever stroke that occurred within the past 4 weeks.

Development of a core patient-reported outcome set for use in HIV care at the individual patient level in Montreal: protocol for a two-phased multimethod project.

Introduction: There is international interest in using patient-reported outcome measures in HIV care to improve the well-being of people with HIV, but the prioritisation of specific outcomes and measures remains unclear. This project's objective is to engage both people with HIV and healthcare, social and community service providers to develop a French and English-language core set of patient-reported outcomes and measures for use in HIV care at the patient level in Montreal (Canada).

Methods And Analysis: This multimethod project will follow guidance from the Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials Initiative and involve two phases.

Metabolomics identifies plasma biomarkers of localized radiation injury.

A radiological accident may result in the development of a local skin radiation injury (LRI) which may evolve, depending on the dose, from dry desquamation to deep ulceration and necrosis through unpredictable inflammatory waves. Therefore, early diagnosis of victims of LRI is crucial for improving medical care efficiency. This preclinical study aims to identify circulating metabolites as biomarkers associated with LRI using a C57BL/6J mouse model of hind limb irradiation.

Computerized cognitive training for problem gambling: A randomized controlled trial (TRAIN-online).

Background: Non-face-to-face interventions offer promise, with cognitive training showing potential but inconsistent efficacy in problem gambling.

Methods: We conducted a non-face-to-face, parallel, randomized, controlled, single-blinded trial to evaluate training programs in adults with problem gambling (CPGI ≥5). Participants were randomized 1:1 to a web-based cognitive training program targeting inhibition unrelated to addiction cues or a control program on visuo-spatial functioning.

3D modelling and simulation of thermal effects and dispersion of particles carrying infectious respiratory agents in a railway transport coach.

Even though the COVID-19 pandemic now belongs to the long history of infectious diseases that have struck humanity, pathogenic biological agents continue to pose a recurring threat in private places, but also and mainly in places where the public congregates. In our recent research published in this journal in 2022 and 2023, we considered the illustrative example of a commuter train coach in which a symptomatic or asymptomatic passenger, assumed to be infected with a respiratory disease, sits among other travellers. The passenger emits liquid particles containing, for example, COVID-19 virions or any other pathogen.

Volumetric bioprinting of the osteoid niche.

Volumetric bioprinting has revolutionized the field of biofabrication by enabling the creation of cubic centimeter-scale living constructs at faster printing times (in the order of seconds). However, a key challenge remains: developing a wider variety of available osteogenic bioinks that allow osteogenic maturation of the encapsulated cells within the construct. Herein, the bioink exploiting a step-growth mechanism (norbornene-norbornene functionalized gelatin in combination with thiolated gelatin - GelNBNBSH) outperformed the bioink exploiting a chain-growth mechanism (gelatin methacryloyl - GelMA), as the necessary photo-initiator concentration was three times lower combined with a more than 50 % reduction in required light exposure dose resulting in an improved positive and negative resolution.

Distribution of airway pressure opening in the lungs measured with electrical impedance tomography (POET): a prospective physiological study.

Background: In patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) under mechanical ventilation, the change in pressure slope during a low-flow insufflation indicates a global airway opening pressure (AOP) needed to reopen closed airways and may be used for titration of positive end-expiratory pressure.

Objectives: To understand 1) if airways open homogeneously inside the lungs or significant regional AOP variations exist; 2) whether the pattern of the pressure slope change during low-flow insufflation can indicate the presence of regional AOP variations.

Methods: Using electrical impedance tomography, we recorded low-flow insufflation maneuvers (< 10 L/min) starting from end-expiratory positive pressure 0-5 cmHO.

Prevalence and clinical impact of the London classification: a prospective, international, multicenter study from the Lower Gastrointestinal International Consortium (LoGIC).

Introduction: The London classification provides standardization for characterization of disorders of anorectal function, although prevalences and clinical impact of these disorders are unclear.

Methods: An international research consortium was established, including five specialist centers. Prospective data were collected in consecutive adults referred for refractory chronic constipation (CC), fecal incontinence (FI) or coexistent CC/FI over 18 months.

The influence of locus of control, coping strategies and time perspective on post-traumatic growth in survivors with primary breast cancer.

Background: Breast cancer, a potential traumatic stressor, may be accompanied by positive changes, such as post-traumatic growth (PTG), which may allow patients to overcome this stressful event more easily. Our aim was to identify factors associated with PTG in breast cancer survivors (BCSs).

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in Seintinelles volunteers who answered online questionnaires.

CausalXtract, a flexible pipeline to extract causal effects from live-cell time-lapse imaging data.

Live-cell microscopy routinely provides massive amounts of time-lapse images of complex cellular systems under various physiological or therapeutic conditions. However, this wealth of data remains difficult to interpret in terms of causal effects. Here, we describe CausalXtract, a flexible computational pipeline that discovers causal and possibly time-lagged effects from morphodynamic features and cell-cell interactions in live-cell imaging data.

Olutasidenib in combination with azacitidine induces durable complete remissions in patients with relapsed or refractory mIDH1 acute myeloid leukemia: a multicohort open-label phase 1/2 trial.

Background: Olutasidenib is a potent, selective, oral, small molecule inhibitor of mutant IDH1 (mIDH1) which induced durable remissions in high-risk, relapsed/refractory (R/R) mIDH1 AML patients in a phase 1/2 trial. We present a pooled analysis from multiple cohorts of the phase 1/2 trial of patients with R/R AML who received combination olutasidenib and azacitidine therapy.

Methods: Adult patients with mIDH1 AML received 150 mg olutasidenib twice daily plus standard-of-care azacitidine (OLU + AZA) and were evaluated for response and safety.

Clustering and drivers of symptoms observed at week six after antidepressant treatment in depressed outpatients.

Background: Depressive symptoms remaining after antidepressant treatment increase the risk of relapse and recurrence. We aimed to analyze the distribution and main drivers of remaining symptoms in patients with a major depressive episode.

Methods: Two independent samples of 8,229 and 5,926 patients from two large naturalistic studies were retrospectively analyzed.

Surgery for chronic pyothorax after failed amplatzer closure of bronchopleural fistula.

Background: Post-pneumonectomy bronchopleural fistula (BPF) is a life-threatening event whose treatment is not standardized.

Case Presentation: We report the management of a 28-year-old patient with a 3-year history of BPF complicating right pneumonectomy for congenital emphysema. Despite closure by an Amplatzer device, the patient had chronic pyothorax and severely deteriorated general health and quality of life.