A multi-country cohort database study to assess pregnancy and infant outcomes after potential maternal or paternal exposure to cladribine tablets in the treatment of multiple sclerosis: the CLEAR study methods and status update.

Background: Cladribine tablets are contraindicated during pregnancy; therefore, safety data on pregnancies exposed to this treatment are limited. CLEAR collects and describes pregnancy outcomes in this understudied population.

Objectives: To describe the main features of the CLEAR study design, including the data sources and the methodological approach, and provide a status update.

Machine learning Hubbard parameters with equivariant neural networks.

Density-functional theory with extended Hubbard functionals (DFT +  + ) provides a robust framework to accurately describe complex materials containing transition-metal or rare-earth elements. It does so by mitigating self-interaction errors inherent to semi-local functionals which are particularly pronounced in systems with partially-filled d and f electronic states. However, achieving accuracy in this approach hinges upon the accurate determination of the on-site and inter-site Hubbard parameters.

Real-world usage and effectiveness of recombinant factor IX Fc in haemophilia B from the B-SURE study in France.

Background: More real-world data are needed to complement existing phase III studies on the efficacy and safety of recombinant factor IX Fc fusion protein (rFIXFc) in people with haemophilia B.

Objectives: We report final data from the B-SURE study, evaluating the real-world usage and effectiveness of rFIXFc in France.

Methods: Previously treated patients (all ages/severities) received on-demand or prophylactic rFIXFc during B-SURE.

Evidence-based exercise recommendations to improve functional mobility in older adults - A study protocol for living systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Objectives: This is a protocol for a living systematic review and meta-analysis.This review will assess the effects of state-of-the-art exercise interventions designed to promote functional mobility. Therefore, after identifying all potential interventions, we will use the F.

Experiences and overall impact reported by people living with obesity: results from a multinational study.

Objectives: To explore the impact of obesity on clinical outcomes, health-related quality of life, emotional well-being, and work productivity in people/patients with obesity across six countries by body mass index and the presence of complications.

Methods: Adelphi Real World Obesity Disease Specific Programme™ captured data related to physicians and their consulting people/patients with obesity on a weight management program or anti-obesity medication in Brazil, Canada, China, Japan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates from April to December 2022. Physicians reported data for up to eight qualifying people/patients with obesity.

Understanding trends in osteoporosis drug prescribing: implications for reducing futile biomedical research.

Introduction: Osteoporosis is a significant geriatric condition, considering its impact on fracture-related morbidity and mortality, particularly among older women. The interplay of clinical evidence, diagnostic tools availability, and broader societal attitudes toward aging and treatment efficacy affect medical attitude and prescribing behaviors. Using the example of osteoporosis in France and England, the study aims to unravel the intricacies of medical decision-making in geriatric care, offering insights into the evolving landscape of healthcare policy and practice, which in turn can help reduce futile biomedical research.

Innovation Leading to Improved Safety, Health, and Productivity Is Enabled by Close Collaboration Between Construction Companies and Technology Start-Ups.

The transfer of innovation to practice is one of the fundamental challenges of efficient social advancement. Because of its structure, with mostly small employers with limited working capital and short-term thinking arising from working on time-limited projects, historically the construction industry has been a slow adopter of technological advances. Now it is faced with a barrage of new technologies that not only can help solve some of the most pressing occupational safety and health needs but at the same time also contribute to productivity improvements.

Applications of Cell-Based Protein Array Technology to Preclinical Safety Assessment of Biological Products.

Off-target evaluation is essential in preclinical safety assessments of novel biotherapeutics, supporting lead molecule selection, endpoint selection in toxicology studies, and regulatory requirements for first-in-human trials. Off-target interaction of a therapeutic antibody and antibody derivatives has been historically assessed via the Tissue Cross-Reactivity (TCR) study, in which the candidate molecule is used as a reagent in immunohistochemistry (IHC) to assess binding of the candidate molecule to a panel of human tissue sections. The TCR approach is limited by the performance of the therapeutic as an IHC reagent, which is often suboptimal to outright infeasible.

The impact of pre-treatment aneurysm angulation. What happens with WEB devices at follow-up?

Background: WEB shape modification has been analyzed in relation to the aneurysm occlusion outcome and techniques have been presented with one-dimensional measurements of the device to quantify the change after implantation. In this work, we present an analysis of pre-treatment vascular morphology and hemodynamics of cases treated with WEB devices, which were three-dimensionally quantified in morphology and position to detect modifications.

Methods: Seventeen WEB-treated aneurysms with pre-treatment, post-treatment and follow-up 3D flat-panel CT were included.

Prevention of refeeding syndrome: Evaluation of an enteral refeeding protocol for severely undernourished children.

Objectives: Refeeding syndrome (RS) defines the deleterious clinical and metabolic changes occurring during nutritional support of severely malnourished patients. Pediatric guidelines to prevent and treat RS are scarce and highly variable. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of an enteral refeeding protocol in severely undernourished hospitalized children with anorexia nervosa (AN) or organic diseases (OD).

Multispecies comparisons support a startle response origin for a novel vibrational signal in the cricket tribe Lebinthini.

Many animals communicate using call and response signals, but the evolutionary origins of this type of communication are largely unknown. In most cricket species, males sing and females walk or fly to calling males. In the tribe Lebinthini, however, males produce calls that trigger a vibrational reply from females, and males use the substrate vibrations to find the responding female.

Endothelial Dysfunction in Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Complex Association With Sleep Health, Traditional Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Prognostic Markers.

Background: Endothelial function (EndFx) is a core component of cardiovascular (CV) health and cardioprotection following acute myocardial infarction (AMI) treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Hypothesis: AMI patients experience endothelial dysfunction (EndDys), associated with traditional CV risk factors and sleep patterns. EndFx may also predict short and mid-term outcomes.

Aortic valve repair in adults: long-term clinical outcomes and echocardiographic evolution in different valve repair techniques.

Objective: Aortic valve repair/sparing have been established as effective treatments for aortic regurgitation and/or aortic aneurysms. However, concerns remain regarding long-term durability, reproducibility, and patient selection. This study aims to asses long-term clinical and echocardiographic outcomes, with a focus on aortic regurgitation grade and left ventricular ejection fraction evolution, in adults undergoing these procedures.

Stereoelectroencephalographic exploration and surgical outcome in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome.

Objective: Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) is typically characterized by drug-resistant epilepsy and subsequent cognitive deterioration. Surgery is a rare but viable option for the control of seizures in a subset of patients with LGS. This study aimed to describe the organization of the epileptogenic zone network (EZN) in patients with LGS using stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) and to report the outcome of post-SEEG treatment.

Organ preservation, for rectal cancer: general overview of the latest data from phase III randomized trials.

Introduction: Organ preservation (OP) strategies are gaining interest in improving the quality of life in the management of rectal cancer, particularly for tumors located in the distal or middle rectum. The optimal OP protocol is still not standardized and relies on randomized trials. This review summarizes past and ongoing studies on OP protocols for adenocarcinoma of the distal and middle rectum.

Efficient Copolymerization of Methyl Methacrylate and Lactide Using Metalate Catalysts.

The development of catalysts that are both robust and highly active at room temperature can often be seen as a major challenge in anionic polymerization. However, these properties are desirable for polymer synthesis because they allow for easy and sustainable production of interesting materials. Here, iron and magnesium complexes are used to form in situ generated metalate complexes that are shown to be highly active in the room temperature copolymerization of methyl methacrylate and lactide.

How Do Computational Models in the Cognitive and Brain Sciences Explain?

The nature of explanation is an important area of inquiry in philosophy of science. Consensus has been that explanation in the cognitive and brain sciences is typically a special case of causal explanation, specifically, mechanistic explanation. But recently there has been increased attention to computational explanation in the brain sciences and to whether that can be understood as a variety of mechanistic explanation.

Antarctic Geothermal Soils Exhibit an Absence of Regional Habitat Generalist Microorganisms.

Active geothermal systems are relatively rare in Antarctica and represent metaphorical islands ideal to study microbial dispersal. In this study, we tested the macro-ecological concept that high dispersal rates result in communities being dominated by either habitat generalists or specialists by investigating the microbial communities on four geographically separated geothermal sites on three Antarctic volcanoes (Mts. Erebus, Melbourne, and Rittman).

Systemic Inflammatory Diseases in Children with Sickle Cell Disease: A French Multicenter Observational Study on Diagnostic and Therapeutic Issues.

Background: Systemic inflammatory diseases (SIDs) have been reported in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD), but clinical data in children are scarce.

Objectives: To identify clinical and laboratory features at diagnosis of SID in children with SCD and to describe their evolution.

Methods: Data from children with SCD and SIDs were retrospectively collected in a French multicenter study from 1991 to 2018.

Increased interferon I signaling, DNA damage response and evidence of T-cell exhaustion in a patient with combined interferonopathy (Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome, AGS) and cohesinopathy (Cornelia de Lange Syndrome, CdLS).

Background: Type I interferonopathies including Aicardi-Goutiéres Syndrome (AGS) represent a heterogeneous group of clinical phenotypes. Herein, we present a Case with combined AGS and Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS)-a cohesinopathy-with comprehensive analysis of the immune and genomic abnormalities.

Case And Methods: A 20-year old man presented with chilblain lesions and resorption of distal phalanges of fingers and toes, somatic and psychomotor retardation, microcephaly, synophrys, hearing losing and other aberrancies consistent with the phenotype of CdLS.

A systematic review of the impact of artificial intelligence on educational outcomes in health professions education.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) has a variety of potential applications in health professions education and assessment; however, measurable educational impacts of AI-based educational strategies on learning outcomes have not been systematically evaluated.

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using electronic databases (CINAHL Plus, EMBASE, Proquest, Pubmed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science) to identify studies published until October 1st 2024, analyzing the impact of AI-based tools/interventions in health profession assessment and/or training on educational outcomes. The present analysis follows the PRISMA 2020 statement for systematic reviews and the structured approach to reporting in health care education for evidence synthesis.