Impact of hyper- and hypothermia on cellular and whole-body physiology.

The incidence of heat-related illnesses and heatstroke continues to rise amidst global warming. Hyperthermia triggers inflammation, coagulation, and progressive multiorgan dysfunction, and, at levels above 40 °C, can even lead to cell death. Blood cells, particularly granulocytes and platelets, are highly sensitive to heat, which promotes proinflammatory and procoagulant changes.

Harnessing the tumor microenvironment: targeted cancer therapies through modulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is integral to cancer progression, impacting metastasis and treatment response. It consists of diverse cell types, extracellular matrix components, and signaling molecules that interact to promote tumor growth and therapeutic resistance. Elucidating the intricate interactions between cancer cells and the TME is crucial in understanding cancer progression and therapeutic challenges.

CRISPR/Cas9-editing of PRNP in Alpine goats.

Misfolding of the cellular PrP (PrP) protein causes prion disease, leading to neurodegenerative disorders in numerous mammalian species, including goats. A lack of PrP induces complete resistance to prion disease. The aim of this work was to engineer Alpine goats carrying knockout (KO) alleles of PRNP, the PrP-encoding gene, using CRISPR/Cas9-ribonucleoproteins and single-stranded donor oligonucleotides.

Factors affecting communication time in an emergency medical communication centers.

Background: Emergency Medical Communication Centres (EMCCs) play a crucial role in emergency care by ensuring timely responses through telephone triage. However, extended communication times can impede accessibility, patient triage, and decision-making. Identifying the factors influencing communication duration is essential for improving EMCC efficiency.

Echocardiographic phenotypes of diabetic myocardial disorder: evolution over 15 months follow-up in the ARISE-HF trial.

Background: Diabetic myocardial disorder (DbMD, evidenced by abnormal echocardiography or cardiac biomarkers) is a form of stage B heart failure (SBHF) at high risk for progression to overt HF. SBHF is defined by abnormal LV morphology and function and/or abnormal cardiac biomarker concentrations.

Objective: To compare the evolution of four DbMD groups based on biomarkers alone, systolic and diastolic dysfunction alone, or their combination.

What are parents' preferences for Human Papillomavirus vaccination promotion messages and communication? Application of a discrete choice experiment to a French Caribbean setting.

Introduction: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake in the French Caribbean has remained below 25% since introduction in 2007, which is well behind national and international targets. Using a discrete choice experiment (DCE), we explored parental preferences around HPV vaccination and optimized communication content in a sample of parents of middle-school pupils in Guadeloupe.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey in public and private middle age schools in Guadeloupe in June 2023 using an online questionnaire.

Genetic inbreeding load and its individual prediction for milk yield in French dairy sheep.

Background: The magnitude of inbreeding depression depends on the recessive burden of the individual, which can be traced back to the hidden (recessive) inbreeding load among ancestors. However, these ancestors carry different alleles at potentially deleterious loci and therefore there is individual variability of this inbreeding load. Estimation of the additive genetic value for inbreeding load is possible using a decomposition of inbreeding in partial inbreeding components due to ancestors.

Mitochondrial dysfunction is a major cause of thromboinflammation and inflammatory cell death in critical illnesses.

Background: Mitochondria generate the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) necessary for eukaryotic cells, serving as their primary energy suppliers, and contribute to host defense by producing reactive oxygen species. In many critical illnesses, including sepsis, major trauma, and heatstroke, the vicious cycle between activated coagulation and inflammation results in tissue hypoxia-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, and impaired mitochondrial function contributes to thromboinflammation and cell death.

Methods: A computer-based online search was performed using the PubMed and Web of Science databases for published articles concerning sepsis, trauma, critical illnesses, cell death, mitochondria, inflammation, coagulopathy, and organ dysfunction.

Laparoscopic pancreatic enucleation: how far should we go for parenchyma preservation? A study by the French National Association of Surgery.

Background: Pancreatic enucleation is indicated for selected patients and tumours with very low oncological risk to preserve a maximum of healthy pancreatic parenchyma. Minimally invasive pancreatic enucleation (MIPE) is increasingly performed. This study aims to assess the impact of tumor location and center experience on textbook outcomes (TBO) in patients undergoing MIPE.

SNARE-Mediated Membrane Fusion Probed Using a Synthetic Organelle in the Living Bacterium.

Studies on the mechanisms and regulation of functional assemblies of SNARE proteins mediating membrane fusion essentially make use of recombinant proteins and artificial phospholipid bilayers. We have developed an easy-to-use in vivo system reconstituting membrane fusion in living bacteria. It relies on the formation of caveolin-dependent intracytoplasmic cisternae followed by the controlled synthesis of members of the synaptic SNARE machinery.

Using a citizen science approach to assess nanoplastics pollution in remote high-altitude glaciers.

Nanoplastics are suspected to pollute every environment on Earth, including very remote areas reached via atmospheric transport. We approached the challenge of measuring environmental nanoplastics by combining high-sensitivity TD-PTR-MS (thermal desorption-proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometry) with trained mountaineers sampling high-altitude glaciers ("citizen science"). Particles < 1 μm were analysed for common polymers (polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene and tire wear particles), revealing nanoplastic concentrations ranging 2-80 ng mL at five of 14 sites.

Production scheduling with multi-robot task allocation in a real industry 4.0 setting.

The demand for efficient Industry 4.0 systems has driven the need to optimize production systems, where effective scheduling is crucial. In smart manufacturing, robots handle material transfers, making precise scheduling essential for seamless operations.

Transcription factor FOXD1 and miRNA-204-5p play a major role in B4GALNT2 downregulation in colon cancer.

The β1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 2 (B4GALNT2) which synthesizes the histo-blood group antigen Sd is highly expressed by normal colon, but it is dramatically down-regulated in colorectal cancer (CRC). High B4GALNT2 expression in CRC tissues is a marker of longer survival. The molecular bases of B4GALNT2 inhibition in CRC are largely obscure.

Uniform impact on individual megakaryocytes is essential for efficient in vitro platelet production.

Different approaches are being developed to efficiently produce in vitro platelets from cultured megakaryocytes to meet the constant demand of platelet transfusion and serve for research purposes. Recent works have shown that turbulence and periodic stress can significantly enhance platelet yield. Here we have developed and characterized a platelet production device that takes in account these properties.

Influenza A virus in dairy cattle: infection biology and potential mammary gland-targeted vaccines.

Influenza, a major "One Health" threat, has gained heightened attention following recent reports of highly pathogenic avian influenza in dairy cattle and cow-to-human transmission in the USA. This review explores general aspects of influenza A virus (IAV) biology, its interactions with mammalian hosts, and discusses the key considerations for developing vaccines to prevent or curtail IAV infection in the bovine mammary gland and its spread through milk.

Genome-wide association study unravels mechanisms of brain glymphatic activity.

Brain glymphatic activity, as indicated by diffusion-tensor imaging analysis along the perivascular space (ALPS) index, is involved in developmental neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases, but its genetic architecture is poorly understood. Here, we identified 17 unique genome-wide significant loci and 161 candidate genes linked to the ALPS-indexes in a discovery sample of 31,021 individuals from the UK Biobank. Seven loci were replicated in two independent datasets.

Conformational diversity in class C GPCR positive allosteric modulation.

The metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlus) are class C G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) that form obligate dimers activated by the major excitatory neurotransmitter L-glutamate. The architecture of mGlu receptor comprises an extracellular Venus-Fly Trap domain (VFT) connected to the transmembrane domain (7TM) through a Cysteine-Rich Domain (CRD). The binding of L-glutamate in the VFTs and subsequent conformational change results in the signal being transmitted to the 7TM inducing G protein binding and activation.

Impact of workflow times on successful reperfusion after endovascular treatment in the late time window.

Background And Purpose: Successful and complete reperfusion should be the aim of every endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) procedure. However, the effect of time delays on successful reperfusion in late window stroke patients presenting 6-to-24 h from onset has not been investigated.

Materials And Methods: We pooled individual patient-level data from seven trials and registries for anterior circulation stroke patients treated with EVT between 6 and 24 h from onset.

Charcot as a collector and critic of the arts: Relationship of the 'founder of neurology' with various aspects of art.

In his teaching, Charcot often used artistic representations from previous centuries to illustrate the historical developments of various conditions, particularly hysteria, mainly with the help of his pupil Paul Richer. Charcot liked to draw portraits and sketches of colleagues during boring faculty meetings and students' examinations, including caricatures of himself and others, church sculptures, landscapes, soldiers, and so on. He also used this skill in his clinical and scientific work.

[Recommendations for clinical practice: Prevention and management of varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection during pregnancy and the perinatal period (extended version)].

The Société de Pathologie Infectieuse de Langue Française released in 2024 a new national recommendation for clinical practice on the prevention and management of varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection during pregnancy and the perinatal period. The previous recommendation was issued in 1998, at a time of anti-VZV immunoglobulins shortage; it has hence become obsolete. This recommendation is a formalized expert consensus focusing on infectious diseases management; it is drawn up by a multidisciplinary working group (infectiologists, obstetricians, pediatricians, microbiologists, midwives, hygienists).

The "HAT-TRICK' technique: A Modification of soft tissue grafting using volume stable collagen matrix and cross-linked hyaluronic acid. Part B: Clinical applications in the esthetic zone.

Soft tissue deficiency around dental implants can negatively impact outcomes in terms of esthetics and long-term stability. While autogenous connective tissue grafting is still considered the gold standard treatment, alternative approaches are being proposed primarily to enhance patient comfort and avoid invasive procedures such as two-sites surgeries using xenogeneic collagen matrices. Despite the advantages, the quality of the regenerated tissues remains unpredictable and, in many cases, questionable, highlighting the need for alternative and innovative approaches.