Comparative immunogenicity assessment of biosimilar natalizumab to its reference medicine: a matching immunogenicity profile.

Background: Biosimilar natalizumab (biosim-NTZ) is the first biosimilar monoclonal antibody of reference natalizumab (ref-NTZ) for treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS). Within the totality of evidence for demonstration of biosimilarity, immunogenicity assessments were performed in healthy subjects and patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) to confirm a matching immunogenicity profile between biosim-NTZ and ref-NTZ.

Methods: Immunogenicity of biosim-NTZ versus ref-NTZ was evaluated in two pivotal clinical studies.

Genetic manipulation of bacteriophage T4 utilizing the CRISPR-Cas13b system.

CRISPR-Cas type II and type V systems are inefficient in modifying bacteriophage T4 genome, due to hypermodification of its DNA. Here, we present a genome editing technique for bacteriophage T4 using the type VI CRISPR-Cas system. Using BzCas13b targeting of T4 phage, we were able to individually delete both T4 glucosyl transferase genes, and .

Neuropathic Component Characteristics in Chronic Secondary Musculoskeletal Pain After Postmenopausal Osteoporotic Fractures: A Pilot Cross-Sectional Study.

The neuropathic characteristics of pain occurring after an osteoporosis (OP)-related fracture are often under-recognized. The aim of this pilot study is to identify, in patients suffering from pain localized on the site of a previous osteoporotic fracture, the presence of neuropathic characteristics, their medical management, and their impact on quality of life. This pilot cross-sectional study on consecutive patients in University Hospital, Rheumatology Department, Clermont-Ferrand, France, was approved by the Ethics Committee (IRB number 2023-CF34).

Efficacy of a pheromone-impregnated collar in controlling feline problem behaviors, and an assessment of adverse events associated with collar use.

The aim of this study is to assess a pheromone complex-impregnated collar in the control of feline problem behaviors, and to assess the ease of use and tolerance of the collar compared with a regular collar. Six hundred and twenty-four cats from 459 households with one or more of four problem behaviors (problem urination, scratching, fear, or inter-cat conflict) were recruited to a 28-day study. Households were randomly assigned so that each cat received either a pheromone-impregnated polymer collar (containing 13% FELIWAY Optimum) or a control regular silicone collar.

Simple reaction time to visual and auditory stimulation in glaucoma.

Background/objectives: Glaucoma can impact the ability to perform daily life activities such as driving. In such tasks, reaction time is critical to detect hazards. Understanding the modalities that affect response times is thus essential for clinical care.

Human asthenozoospermia: Update on genetic causes, patient management, and clinical strategies.

Background: In mammals, sperm fertilization potential relies on efficient progression within the female genital tract to reach and fertilize the oocyte. This fundamental property is supported by the flagellum, an evolutionarily conserved organelle, which contains dynein motor proteins that provide the mechanical force for sperm propulsion and motility. Primary motility of the sperm cells is acquired during their transit through the epididymis and hyperactivated motility is acquired throughout the journey in the female genital tract by a process called capacitation.

FTDMP: A Framework for Protein-Protein, Protein-DNA, and Protein-RNA Docking and Scoring.

FTDMP is a software framework for biomolecular docking and scoring. It can perform docking of subunits containing one or more protein, DNA, or RNA chains, followed by subsequent scoring of the resulting models. FTDMP can also be used for the ranking of user-provided models of biomolecular complexes, generated by any structure prediction method.

Impact of Harsh Grinding on the Structure and Color of LiCoPO and LiNiPO Pigments.

LiCoPO and LiNiPO phosphate pigments have colorations very close to the primary colors of the subtractive system: magenta and yellow, respectively. These two pigments are therefore of great interest in a variety of applications, including e-reader devices. However, the need to reduce their crystallite size in order to formulate stable electrophoretic inks has revealed that aggressive milling results in significant color changes, particularly for cobalt-based pigments.

Baricitinib Treatment in RNU7-1-Associated Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome in a South African Child: A Case Report.

Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS) is a rare monogenic type I interferonopathy. Janus kinase (JAK) inhibition has emerged as a potential treatment for AGS. RNU7-1 is one of the most recently discovered genes for AGS, and the clinical effects of JAK inhibition in these patients have not been reported.

Percutaneous Closure of Sub-Annular Rupture Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Complicated by Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation.

Aortic annular rupture is a rare and usually fatal complication of TAVR. We report the case of a sub-annular aortic rupture contained in the right ventricle and percutaneously repaired. The procedure was complicated by new-onset severe tricuspid regurgitation related to tricuspid injury during wire externalization and immediately treated by transcatheter edge-to-edge repair.

Quantification of Difference in Nonselectivity Between In Vitro Diagnostic Medical Devices.

Correct measurement results from in vitro diagnostic (IVD) medical devices (MD) are crucial for optimal patient care. The performance of IVD-MDs is often assessed through method comparison studies. Such studies can be compromised by the influence of various factors.

Angiotensin II type-1 receptor autoantibodies and effects in neonates of women with preeclampsia.

Background: Maternal agonistic autoantibodies against the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1-AAs) have been implicated in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia, but their presence in their offsprings and their possible neonatal effects have not been specifically explored. This prospective study aimed to evaluate the presence of AT1-AAs and their potential clinical effects in neonates of AT1-AAs positive mothers.

Methods: Women with preeclampsia and their neonates were included.

Genomic and epidemiological analysis of SARS-CoV-2 variants isolated in Guinea: a routine sequencing implementation.

Background: Several variants of SARS-CoV-2 have a demonstrated impact on public health, including high and increased transmissibility, severity of infection, and immune escape. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the SARS-CoV-2 lineages and better characterize the dynamics of the pandemic during the different waves in Guinea.

Methods: Whole genome sequencing of 363 samples with PCR cycle threshold (Ct) values under thirty was undertaken between May 2020 and May 2023.

Impact of lumbar cerebrospinal fluid drainage to control intracranial hypertension in patients with severe traumatic brain injury: a retrospective monocentric cohort.

Background: External lumbar drainage (ELD) of cerebrospinal fluid may help control intracranial pressure following a traumatic brain injury. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of ELD in post-traumatic intracranial hypertension (IH).

Methods: This retrospective monocentric cohort study was conducted in the trauma critical care unit of the regional Level-I trauma centre between January 2012 and December 2022.

Resolution of Neuropsychiatric Adverse Events After Switching to a Doravirine-Based Regimen in the Open-Label Extensions of the DRIVE-AHEAD and DRIVE-FORWARD Trials.

Background: Neuropsychiatric adverse events (NPAEs) are associated with several antiretrovirals. Doravirine (DOR), a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor indicated for HIV-1 treatment, does not interact significantly with known neurotransmitter receptors in vitro. First-line therapy with DOR-based regimens resulted in significantly fewer NPAEs than efavirenz/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (EFV/FTC/TDF) and similar rates to those of ritonavir-boosted darunavir (DRV/r) with 2 nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) through Week 96 of the phase 3 DRIVE-AHEAD and DRIVE-FORWARD studies, respectively.

The severity of the first occurrence of bronchiolitis increased the risk of developing asthma symptoms.

Aim: The relationship between bronchiolitis and asthma is complex. We assessed whether patients admitted to a paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) with bronchiolitis had a greater risk of developing asthma than patients admitted to a paediatric ward.

Methods: We retrospectively included children under 1 year of age, who were hospitalised for bronchiolitis for the first time at the University Hospital of Caen, France, between 2010 and 2014.

Ligand-Induced Activation of Single-Atom Palladium Heterogeneous Catalysts for Cross-Coupling Reactions.

Single-atom heterogeneous catalysts (SACs) are potential, recoverable alternatives to soluble organometallic complexes for cross-coupling reactions in fine-chemical synthesis. When developing SACs for these applications, it is often expected that the need for ligands, which are essential for organometallic catalysts, can be bypassed. Contrary to that, ligands remain almost always required for palladium atoms stabilized on commonly used functionalized carbon and carbon nitride supports, as the catalysts otherwise show limited activity.

Spectral optimization of supercontinuum shaping using metaheuristic algorithms, a comparative study.

Supercontinuum generation in optical fiber involves complex nonlinear dynamics, making optimization challenging, and typically relying on trial-and-error or extensive numerical simulations. Machine learning and metaheuristic algorithms offer more efficient optimization approaches. We report here an experimental study of supercontinuum spectral shaping by tuning the phase of the input pulses, different optimization approaches including a genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimizer, and simulated annealing.

Asymmetric distribution of G-quadruplex forming sequences in genomes of retroviruses.

Retroviruses are among the most extensively studied viral families, both historically and in contemporary research. They are primarily investigated in the fields of viral oncogenesis, reverse transcription mechanisms, and other infection-specific aspects. These include the integration of endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) into host genomes, a process widely utilized in genetic engineering, and the ongoing search for HIV/AIDS treatment.

The spatially informed mFISHseq assay resolves biomarker discordance and predicts treatment response in breast cancer.

Current assays fail to address breast cancer's complex biology and accurately predict treatment response. On a retrospective cohort of 1082 female breast tissues, we develop and validate mFISHseq, which integrates multiplexed RNA fluorescent in situ hybridization with RNA-sequencing, guided by laser capture microdissection. This technique ensures tumor purity, unbiased whole transcriptome profiling, and explicitly quantifies intratumoral heterogeneity.

Deep learning and genome-wide association meta-analyses of bone marrow adiposity in the UK Biobank.

Bone marrow adipose tissue is a distinct adipose subtype comprising more than 10% of fat mass in healthy humans. However, the functions and pathophysiological correlates of this tissue are unclear, and its genetic determinants remain unknown. Here, we use deep learning to measure bone marrow adiposity in the femoral head, total hip, femoral diaphysis, and spine from MRI scans of approximately 47,000 UK Biobank participants, including over 41,000 white and over 6300 non-white participants.

An aperiodic chiral tiling by topological molecular self-assembly.

Studying the self-assembly of chiral molecules in two dimensions offers insights into the fundamentals of crystallization. Using scanning tunneling microscopy, we examine an uncommon aggregation of polyaromatic chiral molecules on a silver surface. Dense packing is achieved through a chiral triangular tiling of triads, with N and N ± 1 molecules at the edges.

Comparison of CT-like MRI sequences for preoperative planning of cochlear implantation using super-high-resolution CT as a reference.

Background: We evaluated the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) computed tomography (CT)-like sequences compared to normal-resolution CT (NR-CT) and super-high-resolution CT (SHR-CT) for planning of cochlear implantation.

Methods: Six cadaveric temporal bone specimens were used. 3-T MRI scans were performed using radial volumetric interpolated breath-hold (STARVIBE), pointwise-encoding time reduction with radial acquisition (PETRA), and ultrashort time of echo (UTE) sequences.