Cow factors to address when performing avoidance distance tests at the feeding rack.

The human-animal relationship is an important component of farm-animal welfare. It is often assessed using 'avoidance distance', i.e.

Dietary inclusion of hay of greater digestibility and water-soluble carbohydrate content increases performance of dairy cows, irrespective of concentrate type and breed.

Water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC)-rich pasture or alfalfa hay, with high organic matter digestibility (OMd), are known to increase the voluntary dry matter intake (DMI) of dairy cows and diet digestibility, often resulting in higher dairy performance. However, little is known about the effect of highly digestible hays from botanically diversified natural grasslands, rich in WSC and their interactions with concentrate type on dairy performance. The present trial tested the effect on dairy cow performance of dietary inclusion of hay of greater digestibility and WSC content (high OMd, WSC-rich or low OMd, WSC-poor) from botanically diversified natural grasslands and its possible interactions with concentrate type with low or high starch degradation rate in cow breeds with different production potential.

INDEX (Induction Experience) assessment of how women feel about induced labour: A prospective observational study.

Problem: Women's experience of induction of labour and how to identify risk factors for poor experience had not been evaluated in the literature.

Background: The experience of induction can be a source of distress for women. The validated EXIT self-questionnaire assesses maternal satisfaction with labour induction.

Targeting the early life stages of SARS-CoV-2 using a multi-peptide conjugate vaccine.

The spike glycoprotein is a key factor in the infection cycle of SARS-CoV-2, as it mediates both receptor recognition and membrane fusion by the virus. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to design a multi-peptide conjugate vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, targeting the early stages of the virus's life cycle. We used iBoost technology, which is designed to induce immune responses against low- or non-immunogenic epitopes.

Health care institutions and their physicians are the greatest promoters of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among health care workers.

Background: ESPERES, a prospective e-cohort study is designed to assess attitudes and perceptions of the COVID-19 pandemic among French health care workers.

Objectives: We aimed to document (i) their confidence in the information directly transmitted by their health care institutions; (ii) the role of physicians in the development of normative beliefs about vaccines against COVID-19 among them; (iii) their view of issues related to governmental health institution communication; and (iv) the impact of this communication on their posture to promote vaccine adherence among patients.

Methods: We conducted semistructured interviews with health care workers from the ESPERES cohort (n = 50).

Duration of systemic antifungal therapy for patients with invasive fungal diseases: A reassessment.

Invasive fungal diseases are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, especially among immunocompromised patients, and often prompt for rapid and aggressive treatment aiming cure. Due to the expanding magnitude of patients burdened by chronic immunosuppression and affected by fungal diseases, the diversity of clinical settings has risen. This often results in prolonged therapy (induction, consolidation and maintenance) associated with potentially severe side effects, and clinicians face the challenging decisions of when and how to stop anti-fungal therapy.

Validation of the Iwate scoring system for the stratification of laparoscopic liver resections: An international multicenter study.

Introduction: The Iwate difficulty scoring system (DSS) is one of the most widely validated DSS for laparoscopic liver resection (LLR). However, these studies only validated the 4 difficulty levels and did not validate the 12-point difficulty index of the system. To address current limitations in the studies validating the Iwate difficulty scoring system (DSS), we performed an international multicenter study to validate the Iwate DSS across both its four difficulty levels and 12-point difficulty index.

Association of Typical and Atypical Antipsychotics with Mortality in Older Adults with Schizophrenia: a 5-year multicenter prospective study.

Objective: Uncertainty exists over whether atypical and typical antipsychotics differ in the strength of their association with mortality among older people with schizophrenia. Here, we examined whether mortality rates and its causes significantly differ between older adults with schizophrenia taking atypical or typical antipsychotics.

Methods: In a 5-year prospective multicenter study of patients aged ≥55 years with an ICD-10 diagnosis of schizophrenia, we used a multivariable logistic regression model to examine the association of atypical versus typical antipsychotics with mortality, adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.

The Old Regime (of Mutualisation) and the Revolution (of Big Data).

In his classic work L'ancien régime et la révolution, Alexis de Tocqueville proposes a reinterpretation of the French Revolution: behind the spectacular ruptures associated with the event, profound continuities are at play. Beyond the specific case of the French Revolution, Tocqueville calls for vigilance in mobilizing the notion of revolution to account for historical dynamics. In this contribution, I propose to apply this vigilance to account for the supposed "Big Data revolution" in the field of European insurance.

A dynamic bifurcation mechanism explains cortex-wide neural correlates of conscious access.

Conscious access is suggested to involve "ignition," an all-or-none activation across cortical areas. To elucidate this phenomenon, we carry out computer simulations of a detection task using a mesoscale connectome-based model for the multiregional macaque cortex. The model uncovers a dynamic bifurcation mechanism that gives rise to ignition in a network of associative regions.

QT Interval, Antipsychotics and Correlates Among Patients with Schizophrenia: Cross-Sectional Data from the Multicentric Real-World FACE-SZ.

Background: The life expectancy of patients with schizophrenia is reduced, partly due to cardiovascular diseases. Antipsychotics are associated with QT interval prolongation, which is a risk factor for arrhythmia and cardiac arrest. The differences between antipsychotic with regard to QT interval prolongation are not well understood.

Localization of epileptic foci from intracranial EEG using the GRU-GC algorithm.

Epilepsy is one of the most common clinical diseases, which is caused by abnormal discharge of brain nerves. Around 30% of patients will develop drug-resistant epilepsy that are hard to be cured by anti-epileptic drug treatment. This patient cohort are ideal candidate for surgical resection of the epileptic focus.

Eccentric training effects on hamstring muscles in oral contraceptive users and naturally menstruating women.

Purpose: This study evaluated the effects of eccentric resistance training on hamstring muscles properties in women using oral contraceptives (OC) and naturally menstruating women.

Methods: Before and after the training intervention, we measured maximal isometric and eccentric moment of the knee flexor muscles, thickness and shear wave velocity (SWV) of the biceps femoris long head (BFlh), semitendinosus (ST) and semimembranosus (SM) muscles, and BFlh fascicle length using ultrasonography and dynamometry.

Results: The 12-week training intervention resulted in a modest but statistically significant increase in resting BFlh fascicle length (~2% on average, p = 0.

Effects of Sacubitril/Valsartan According to Natriuretic Peptide Levels in Patients Enrolled in PARADIGM-HF and PARAGON-HF.

Background: Recent trials of new heart failure (HF) treatments suggest the effect of therapy may vary by N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level.

Objectives: The authors examined the efficacy of sacubitril/valsartan according to NT-proBNP levels in patients with reduced, mildly reduced, and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) enrolled in PARADIGM-HF (Prospective Comparison of Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitor with Angiotensin-Converting-Enzyme Inhibitor to Determine Impact on Global Mortality and Morbidity in Heart Failure Trial) and PARAGON-HF (Prospective Comparison of Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitor with Angiotensin-Receptor Blockers Global Outcomes in HF with Preserved Ejection Fraction).

Methods: Individual patient data from PARADIGM-HF and PARAGON-HF were pooled and participants were divided into categories defined by quintiles of NT-proBNP level.

Pulsed-Field vs Thermal Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.

Background: Pulsed-field ablation (PFA) may be beneficial for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).

Objectives: The goal of this study was to compare the safety and efficacy of PFA and thermal ablation in patients with HCM and AF.

Methods: From 2016 to 2024, patients with HCM undergoing a first AF ablation using PFA or thermal ablation (cryoballoon or radiofrequency) were retrospectively included from 3 French and Swiss centers.

European Consensus on Malabsorption-UEG & SIGE, LGA, SPG, SRGH, CGS, ESPCG, EAGEN, ESPEN, and ESPGHAN: Part 2: Screening, Special Populations, Nutritional Goals, Supportive Care, Primary Care Perspective.

Malabsorption is a complex and multifaceted condition characterised by the defective passage of nutrients into the blood and lymphatic streams. Several congenital or acquired disorders may cause either selective or global malabsorption in both children and adults, such as cystic fibrosis, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI), coeliac disease (CD) and other enteropathies, lactase deficiency, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), autoimmune atrophic gastritis, Crohn's disease, and gastric or small bowel resections. Early recognition of malabsorption is key for tailoring a proper diagnostic work-up for identifying the cause of malabsorption.

ENX-101, a GABA receptor α2,3,5-selective positive allosteric modulator, displays antiseizure effects in rodent seizure and epilepsy models.

Objective: γ-Aminobutyric acid type A (GABA) receptor positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) that lack α-subunit selectivity, including benzodiazepines such as diazepam, exhibit antiseizure actions in animal models and in humans. ENX-101 is a deuterated analog of the ⍺2,3,5-selective GABA receptor PAM L-838,417. The purpose of this study was to characterize the α-subunit selectivity of ENX-101 and evaluate its antiseizure potential in preclinical seizure and epilepsy models.

Momentum-Resolved Signatures of Carrier Screening Effects on Electron-Phonon Coupling in MoS.

Electron-phonon coupling is central to many condensed matter phenomena. Harnessing these effects for functionality in materials always involves nonequilibrium electronic states, which in turn alter quasi-free-carrier density and screening. Thus, gaining a fundamental understanding of the interplay of carrier screening and electron-phonon coupling is essential for advancing ultrafast science.

Patients With Severe Obesity Are Made Eligible for Complex Abdominal Wall Repair After Preoptimization With GLP-1 Agonists: Results of a Bicentric Pilot Study.

Background: Incisional hernia repairs (IHRs) are not recommended in patients with severe obesity (BMI ≥ 35 kg/m). Weight loss is challenging, but new medications, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 agonists), have recently attracted increased attention for their potential weight loss advantages. The aim was to analyze the preliminary results about the safety and weight loss efficiency of the use of GLP-1 agonists in the context of prehabilitation prior to complex IHR.

The Fall Out of the 2017 European Medical Device Regulation for Tracheal Occlusion.

Objective: The use of the Balt Goldbal-balloon and Baltacci-catheter in Fetoscopic Endoluminal Tracheal Occlusion is affected by the 2017-European Medical Device Regulation, which necessitates recertification even for devices long considered safe. This regulation has led the manufacturer to stop distributing these devices in Europe. We alert fetal surgery centers to these challenges and regulators to the broader impact on the availability of fetal therapy devices in Europe.