Selective Tissue Penetration of the Corneal Layers of Cyclosporin 2% Associated with Miglyol in Rabbits.

Cyclosporin A (CsA) is a drug used to prevent immune rejection in corneal transplantation. Most grafts performed today are endothelial grafts which are complicated with poor penetration of CsA into the endothelium due to its hydrophobicity. To improve CsA penetration into the corneal a new ocular formulation of CsA 2% with Miglyol was developed and is commercially available.

Safety and effectiveness in an uncontrolled setting of glucagon-like-peptide-1 receptor agonists in patients with familial partial lipodystrophy: Real-life experience from a national reference network.

Aim: To describe the effects of Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) in patients with familial partial lipodystrophy (FPLD) assessed in a real-life setting in a national reference network.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively collected clinical and metabolic parameters in patients with FPLD in the French lipodystrophy reference network, who initiated GLP-1RA. Data were recorded before, at one-year (12 ± 6 months) and at the latest follow-up on GLP-1RA therapy (≥18 months).

Shear thickening inside elastic open-cell foams under dynamic compression.

We measure the response of open-cell polyurethane foams filled with a dense suspension of fumed silica particles in polyethylene glycol at compression speeds spanning several orders of magnitude. The gradual compressive stress increase of the composite material indicates the existence of shear rate gradients in the interstitial suspension caused by wide distributions in pore sizes in the disordered foam network. The energy dissipated during compression scales with an effective internal shear rate, allowing for the collapse of three data sets for different pore-size foams.

Exploring a Novel Adsorbent for CO Capture and Gas Separation.

The urgent need to mitigate carbon emissions has spurred research into small-pore zeolites as cost-effective options for CO capture by solid adsorbents, particularly in postcombustion and biogas separation applications. In this study we investigate levyne (LEV-type) zeolite, a largely unexplored material for CO adsorption, as a novel adsorbent for CO capture and gas separation. Using seed-assisted synthesis approaches and different synthesis conditions, nanosized and micron-sized LEV zeolites were synthesized and characterized in terms of synthesis pathways, morphology, crystal size, and chemical composition.

Neuropsychological Profile in Older Adults with End-Stage Kidney Disease during Kidney Transplantation Evaluation.

Background: End-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant concern for older adults and is often associated with cognitive impairment (CI). The origin of this CI is multifactorial, involving vascular and metabolic factors. Additionally, renal treatments, including dialysis, may affect cognition.

Ensemble Density Functional Theory of Ground and Excited Energy Levels.

A Kohn-Sham (KS) density-functional energy expression is derived for any (ground or excited) state within a given many-electron ensemble along with the stationarity condition it fulfills with respect to the ensemble density, thus giving access to both physical energy levels and individual-state densities, in principle exactly. We also provide working equations for the evaluation of the latter from the true static ensemble density-density linear response function. Unlike in Gould's recent ensemble potential functional approach to excited states [arXiv:2404.

Midterm Outcomes of Endovascular Pulmonary Artery Debanding in Children.

Background: Pulmonary artery banding (PAB) palliates pulmonary over-circulation, while endovascular debanding (ED) offers a less invasive alternative to repeat surgery.

Objectives: To evaluate our experience with ED.

Aims: Retrospective review of single-center data (2015-2023) on children with single, multiple, or "Swiss-cheese" muscular ventricular septal defects (MVSDs) undergoing ED.

Species-habitat networks reveal conservation implications that other community analyses do not detect.

Grassland restoration is an important conservation intervention supporting declining insect pollinators in threatened calcareous grassland landscapes. While the success of restoration is often quantified using simple measures of diversity or similarity to target communities, these measures do not capture all fundamental aspects of community reconstruction. Here, we develop species-habitat networks that aim to define habitat-level foraging dependencies of pollinators across restored grassland landscapes and compare their value to these more conventional measures of community restoration.

Recent advances in medical gas sensing with artificial intelligence-enabled technology.

Recent advancements in artificial intelligence-enabled medical gas sensing have led to enhanced accuracy, safety, and efficiency in healthcare. Medical gases, including oxygen, nitrous oxide, and carbon dioxide, are essential for various treatments but pose health risks if improperly managed. This review highlights the integration of artificial intelligence in medical gas sensing, enhancing traditional sensors through advanced data processing, pattern recognition, and real-time monitoring capabilities.

The brain in Spain: The legacy of Santiago Ramón y Cajal.

The legacy of Santiago Ramón y Cajal, Spain's first Nobel laureate neuroscientist recognized as the founding father of modern neuroscience, is to be preserved in a new museum in Madrid: the National Museum of Natural Sciences (MNCN), one of the most important scientific research institutes in the country sciences in the scope of natural sciences of the Spanish National Research Council. For a boy who dreamed of being an artist but started his career apprenticed to first a barber and then a cobbler, Santiago Ramón y Cajal made a distinguished mark in science. One of Cajal's most important contributions to our understanding of the brain was his discovery of the direction of the information flow within neurons and in neural circuits, which he called the "dynamic polarization law," without a doubt the founding principle of neurosciences.

Exploring the Impact of Ionic Additives on the Structure and Energetics of Dye-Sensitized NiO Interfaces: Insights from Electrochemistry and First-Principles Calculations.

The efficient functioning of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) is governed by the interplay of three essential components: the semiconductor, the dye, and the electrolyte. While the impact of the electrolyte composition on the device's performance has been extensively studied in n-type DSSCs, much less is known about p-type-based devices. Here, we investigate the effect of potential-determining ions on the energetics and stability of dye-sensitized NiO surfaces by using electrochemical, ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, and ab initio electronic structure calculations.

Study of the Cathode/Electrolyte Interface in an All-Sulfide-Solid-State Battery Using Lithium-Rich Transition Metal Sulfide.

All-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSBs) are among the most promising energy storage technologies, particularly for electric vehicles, due to their enhanced safety. However, performances of these systems are still hindered by interfacial side reactions at electrode/electrolyte interfaces, especially when sulfide electrolytes are used, and additional issues of mechanical nature. In this work, an ASSB system composed of an argyrodite (LiPSCl) electrolyte, a lithium-rich sulfide cathode (LiTiS) operating at moderate voltage, and a lithium metal anode is investigated.

Evaluating the Effects of Mental Health e-Learning on the Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Primary Healthcare Professionals in Mali. A Pilot Study.

Background: Despite their high prevalence and significant burden, mental disorders remain grossly under-diagnosed and under-treated. In low-and-middle-income countries, such as Mali, integrating mental health services into primary care is the most viable way of closing the treatment gap. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a mental health e-learning program on the knowledge, attitudes and practices of primary healthcare professionals in Mali.

Frankenstein matrices: Among-population life history variation affects the reliability and predictions of demographic models.

Population matrix models are routinely used to study the demography of wild populations and to guide management choices. When vital rates are unknown for a specific population or life history stage, researchers often replace them with estimates from other populations of the same species. Such 'hybrid' matrices might ignore among-population life history variation and lead to incorrect inferences.

Processing ambiguity in a social situation: A developmental and comparative study between a neurotypical population and a population with mild intellectual developmental disorder or borderline intellectual functioning.

Background: The Social Information Processing (SIP) model has helped to identify specificities in the stages preceding the execution of social behaviour in people with mild intellectual developmental disorder or borderline intellectual functioning. However, uncertainties remain about the involvement of the underlying processes and their developmental expression.

Method: The aim of this research was to explore the stages of SIP from a comparative and developmental perspective.

Contemporary clinical conversations about stuttering: How to keep up with stuttering treatment research.

Purpose: To discuss how speech-language pathologists can keep up with stuttering treatment research. To inform junior clinicians and students of speech-language pathology about this matter.

Method: The issue was discussed by two university researchers and two speech-language pathologists who provide clinical services.

Molecular Mechanisms of Response to Different Sources of Oxidative Stress.

Oxidative stress is a biological principle affecting all life on Earth and is also an important factor in the pathogen-host relationship. The pathogenic free-living amoeba has several pathways to cope with reactive oxygen species and the damage that they cause. In this study, we aimed to provide a comprehensive analysis of the amoeba's response to different sources of oxidative stress.

Clinical and genetic diagnosis of first cohort of differences of sexual development in the Iranian population.

Differences of sex development (DSD) refer to various congenital conditions affecting the urogenital and hormonal systems. Accurate diagnosis and personalized management are crucial for supporting patients through complex decisions, such as those related to gender identity. This study represents the first comprehensive investigation into DSD in Iran, analyzing patient's clinical and genetic data between 1991 and 2020.

FDG-PET-based brain network analysis: a brief review of metabolic connectivity.

Background: Over the past decades, the analysis metabolic connectivity patterns has received significant attention in exploring the underlying mechanism of human behaviors, and the neural underpinnings of brain neurological disorders. Brain network can be considered a powerful tool and play an important role in the analysis and understanding of brain metabolic patterns. With the advantages and emergence of metabolic-based network analysis, this study aims to systematically review how brain properties, under various conditions, can be studied using Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography (FDG-PET) images and graph theory, as well as applications of this approach.

A multi-modal computational fluid dynamics model of left atrial fibrillation haemodynamics validated with 4D flow MRI.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is characterized by rapid and irregular contraction of the left atrium (LA). Impacting LA haemodynamics, this increases the risk of thrombi development and stroke. Flow conditions preceding stroke in these patients are not well defined, partly due the limited resolution of 4D flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Impact of frailty and older age on weaning from invasive ventilation: a secondary analysis of the WEAN SAFE study.

Objective: To understand the impact of both frailty and chronologic age on outcomes of weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation (MV).

Methods: The study population consisted of patients enrolled in the 'WorldwidE. AssessmeNt of Separation of pAtients From ventilatory assistancE (WEAN SAFE) study.

A combined recombinase polymerase amplification CRISPR/Cas12a assay for detection of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4.

The soilborne pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (Foc TR4) is currently devastating banana production worldwide.

Label-free 3D cell imaging using hydrogels functionalized with switchable iridium complexes.

The use of fluorescent labels is the most common tool to visualize cells. However, the internalization of dye molecules often modifies the cell behavior. In this paper we demonstrate that it is possible to transiently label cells using a 3D scaffold, a hydrogel, covalently functionalized with luminescent cyclometalated iridium(III) complexes.