Cancers of the brain and central nervous system: global patterns and trends in incidence.

Background: Global comparisons of the burden and impact of cancers of the brain and central nervous system (CNS) are critical for developing effective control strategies and generating etiological hypotheses to drive future research.

Methods: National incidence estimates were obtained from GLOBOCAN 2022, and recorded incidence data from the Cancer in Five Continents series, both developed and compiled by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. We examined the estimated age-standardized incidence rates in 185 countries, as well as time trends in recorded incidence in 35 countries, quantifying the direction and change in the magnitude of the rates using the estimated average percentage change (EAPC).

European Survey on Adults with Type 1 Diabetes and their Caregivers: Insights into Personal Experience and Needs for Improving Diabetes Care.

Introduction: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) requires constant self-management and substantially impacts daily life. We surveyed the experiences/burdens of people with T1D (PWD) and their caregivers.

Methods: An online survey of PWD/caregivers (aged ≥ 18 years) living in five European countries was conducted from July to August 2021.

Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate for MRAs optimization in HFrEF: lessons learned from the REALIZE-K trial.

Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) are a cornerstone of guideline-directed medical therapy for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), offering significant benefits in reducing mortality and hospitalizations. However, their use is often constrained by the risk of hyperkalemia, particularly in patients with chronic kidney disease. Patiromer and sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC), two novel potassium binders, have emerged as highly effective and safe tools for managing hyperkalemia and enabling the optimization of MRA therapy.

Human-biting behaviour of Leptoconops irritans (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in a touristic area of the Balearic Islands (Spain).

Biting midges of genus Leptoconops Skuse 1889 are small blood-feeding insects recognized as highly irritating diurnal pests in certain regions around the globe. In Europe, their presence is poorly documented, except in France and Italy. Following reports of human discomfort in a tourist area of Menorca, Balearic Islands (Spain), a small-scale study was conducted to identify the biting species and assess their preferred biting sites using a human-landing assay along a habitat gradient in a coastal dune area.

Utility of MRI in NMIBC and feasibility of avoiding Re-TURB in carefully selected patients: a systematic review.

Objective: This systematic review was conducted to synthesize current research on the role of repeated transurethral resection of the bladder (re-TURB) and the emerging use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in discerning patient suitability for safely foregoing this procedure.

Evidence Acquisition: Employing a methodical literature search, we consulted several bibliographic databases including PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Embase. The review process adhered strictly to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA 2020) guidelines.

Bridging the digital divide for outpatients treated with anticancer chemotherapy: a retrospective quantitative and qualitative analysis of an adapted electronic Patient Reported Outcome program.

Purpose: Using electronic patient-reported outcomes (ePRO) in clinical trial has shown benefits for patients. However, the digital divide can lead to unequal access to telehealth. We investigated whether a dedicated support program could bridge that divide.

European central hypoventilation syndrome consortium description of congenital central hypoventilation syndrome neonatal onset.

Unlabelled: It is known that in most cases of congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS), apnoeas and hypoventilation occur at birth. Nevertheless, a detailed description of initial symptoms, including pregnancy events and diagnostic tests performed, is warranted in infants with neonatal onset of CCHS, that is, in the first month of life. The European Central Hypoventilation Syndrome Consortium created an online patient registry from which 97 infants (44 females) with CCHS of neonatal onset and PHOX2B mutation from 10 countries were selected.

Identifying metabolomic mediators of the physical activity and colorectal cancer relationship.

Background: Current evidence suggests higher physical activity (PA) levels are associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the mediating role of the circulating metabolome in this relationship remains unclear.

Methods: Targeted metabolomics data from 6,055 participants in the EPIC cohort were used to identify metabolites associated with PA and derive a metabolomic signature of PA levels.

Exploring Marine Biomineralization on the Al-Mg Alloy as a Natural Process for In Situ LDH Growth to Improve Corrosion Resistance.

This study provides a detailed characterization of the AA5083 aluminum alloy, surface, and interface over 6 months of immersion in seawater, employing techniques such as SEM/EDX, GIXRD, μ-Raman and XPS. The purpose was to evaluate the evolution of the biomineralization process that occurs on the Al-Mg alloy. By investigating the specific conditions that favor the in situ growth of layered double hydroxide (LDH) during seawater immersion as a result of biomineralization, this research provides insights into marine biomineralization, highlighting its potential as an innovative and sustainable strategy for corrosion protection.

Should We Transplant Candidates With a Positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR Test?

Background: It remains unclear whether physicians should accept transplantation offers for candidates with a positive SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test due to the potential risk of severe infection after initiating immunosuppressive therapy.

Methods: A multicenter observational study was conducted in 19 French solid organ transplantation units. Patients on the waiting list for liver or kidney transplants who had a positive SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction nasopharyngeal swab at the time of transplantation were recorded.

A high-resolution view of RNA endonuclease cleavage in Bacillus subtilis.

RNA endonucleases are the rate-limiting initiator of decay for many bacterial mRNAs. However, the positions of cleavage and their sequence determinants remain elusive even for the well-studied Bacillus subtilis. Here we present two complementary approaches-transcriptome-wide mapping of endoribonucleolytic activity and deep mutational scanning of RNA cleavage sites-that reveal distinct rules governing the specificity among B.

Dual DNA replication modes: varying fork speeds and initiation rates within the spatial replication program in Xenopus.

Large vertebrate genomes duplicate by activating tens of thousands of DNA replication origins, irregularly spaced along the genome. The spatial and temporal regulation of the replication process is not yet fully understood. To investigate the DNA replication dynamics, we developed a methodology called RepliCorr, which uses the spatial correlation between replication patterns observed on stretched single-molecule DNA obtained by either DNA combing or high-throughput optical mapping.

Olaparib, temozolomide and concomitant radiotherapy for partially or biopsy-only glioblastoma first-line treatment: results from the OLA-TMZ-RTE-01 phase 1 study.

Background: Radio-chemotherapy remains the mainstay of glioblastoma first-line treatment after extended surgery, but the prognosis is still poor. PARP inhibitors like olaparib may improve glioblastoma outcomes. We implemented a phase 1-2a trial to assess the safety and efficacy of olaparib combined with standard radio-chemotherapy as a first-line treatment in unresected glioblastoma patients.

Comparative population genomics unveils congruent secondary suture zone in Southwest Pacific Hydrothermal Vents.

How the interplay of biotic and abiotic factors shapes current genetic diversity at the community level remains an open question, particularly in the deep sea. Comparative phylogeography of multiple species can reveal the influence of past climatic events, geographic barriers, and species life history traits on spatial patterns of genetic structure across lineages. To shed light on the factors that shape community-level genetic variation and to improve our understanding of deep-sea biogeographic patterns, we conducted a comparative population genomics study on seven hydrothermal vent species co-distributed in the Back-Arc Basins (BABs) of the Southwest Pacific region.

Screening of Aluminum-Based MOFs for Effective In Situ Immobilization of Biomolecules.

An effective approach for the immobilization and protection of biological entities is their encapsulation via the in situ synthesis of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). To ensure the preservation of the bioentities, mild synthetic conditions, including aqueous media and ambient conditions (temperature and pressure), are preferred. In this study, we investigated the synthesis of various aluminum polycarboxylate-based MOFs, including the fumarate, terephthalate, amino-terephthalate, and muconate forms of MIL-53(Al), as well as the MIL-110 and MIL-160 MOF types.

Assessing the threat of harboring a multi-resistant IncC plasmid and the efficacy of an antibiotic targeting LpxC.

Self-transmissible IncC plasmids rapidly spread multidrug resistance in many medically important pathogens worldwide. A large plasmid of this type (pIP1202, ~80 Kb) has been isolated in a clinical isolate of , the agent of plague. Here, we report that pIP1202 was highly stable in infected mice and fleas and did not reduce virulence in these animals.

Thickness Dependence in Phase Formation and Properties of TaSe Layers Grown on GaP(111).

The effect of growth temperature and subsequent annealing on the epitaxy of both single- and few-layer TaSe on Se-terminated GaP(111) substrates is investigated. The selective growth of the 1T and 1H phases is shown up to 1 ML according to X-ray and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopies. The 1H monolayer, favored at low temperatures, exhibits a very homogeneous coverage after annealing, while the 1T ML, grown at high temperatures, is characterized by a better in-plane orientation.

Carbon Dioxide Sensing Based on Off-Axis Integrated Cavity Absorption Spectroscopy Combined with the Informer and Multilayer Perceptron Models.

Off-axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy (OA-ICOS) allows the laser to be reflected multiple times inside the cavity, increasing the effective absorption path length and thus improving sensitivity. However, OA-ICOS systems are affected by various types of noise, and traditional filtering methods offer low processing efficiency and perform limited feature extraction. Deep learning models enable us to extract important features from large-scale, complex spectral data and analyze them efficiently and accurately.

Associations between force-velocity-power profile in sprinting and ballistic lower limb tests in adolescent elite footballers.

This study investigated the relationships between performance and force-velocity (F-v) parameters obtained from a ballistic lower limb (BLL) and a 30-m sprint test in 24 adolescent elite footballers (13.2-15.1 years old).

Decision-making and climbing performance under time constraints in Olympic bouldering.

Kahneman's dual-process model postulates that two systems are involved in decision-making: slow thinking, defined as analytical processing of information, and fast thinking, where decisions emerge from intuitive, automatic responses. Climbers in Olympic bouldering typically engage in slow thinking to interpret movements and explore climbing strategies. However, time constraints imposed by regulations, combined with ineffective decision-making and failed climbing attempts, may compel them to make more intuitive, fast decisions.

Is this scenery worth exploring? Insight into the visual encoding of navigating ants.

Solitary foraging insects like desert ants rely heavily on vision for navigation. While ants can learn visual scenes, it is unclear what cues they use to decide if a scene is worth exploring at the first place. To investigate this, we recorded the motor behavior of Cataglyphis velox ants navigating in a virtual reality set-up (VR) and measured their lateral oscillations in response to various unfamiliar visual scenes under both closed-loop and open-loop conditions.