Antimicrobial resistance pattern in aerobic bacteria isolated from endotracheal aspirate in ventilator-associated pneumonia: Ten years observation from a tertiary care hospital.

Background And Aims: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a nosocomial infection associated with high morbidity and mortality. This study was undertaken to monitor the trend of the demographical details, comorbid conditions, bacterial etiological agents, and their antibiogram causing VAP in adults in the year 2008, 2013 and 2018.

Material And Methods: A retrospective study conducted at the Department of Microbiology, Hospital Infection control and Quality Control at a tertiary care teaching hospital.

A comparative study of indocyanine green instillation in inguinal node versus foot web space using da Vinci indocyanine green FireFly™ technology in identifying thoracic duct during robotic-assisted transthoracic oesophagectomy.

Introduction: Chyle leak is a serious complication following oesophagectomy with incidence varies from 1% to 9%. Near infra-red fluorescence imaging of thoracic duct (TD) can provide real-time dynamic imaging during the surgery. In this study, we intend to compare indocyanine green (ICG) dye instillation through inguinal node with subcutaneous first web space instillation for visualisation of TD during robotic-assisted minimally invasive oesophagectomy (RAMIE) procedure.

Cancer related fatigue measurement scales: A systematic review.

Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a common symptom experienced by all the cancer patients at all stages of the disease and in survivors. Fatigue from cancer is one of the understated, underestimated, and least managed. Several scales have been developed to measure CRF, but they vary in the quality of psychometric properties, ease of administration, and dimensions of CRF.

Spectrum of Neurological Manifestations of COVID-19 Data from a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Background: Coronavirus is a novel virus which has disrupted life in the past year. While it involves the lungs in the majority and this has been extensively studied, it involves other organ systems. More number of studies need to be focused on the extrapulmonary manifestations of the disease.

Implementation of revised national tuberculosis control program guidelines: Practitioner's perspective and awareness-a questionnaire based study.

Background: Strengthening public health services, setting up directly observed therapy short course Centres, introduction of Revised National tuberculosis Control Program (RNTCP) are aimed to eradicate tuberculosis by 2025. The aim of this study was to assess physician's awareness, and perspectives about the recent RNTCP guidelines.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional, opinion deriving, study through a tested, validated, standardized questionnaire that covered the role of physician in the diagnosis or treatment of tuberculosis, and tested their awareness about various aspects of RNTCP guidelines.

HIV-TB co-infection with clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, outcome and its relation to CD4 count, a cross-sectional study in a tertiary care hospital in coastal Karnataka.

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading killer and the commonest opportunistic infection (OI) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected individuals with 0.3 million deaths in 2017. When HIV and TB co-infection occurs, they form a deadly combination with each accelerating the progression of the other, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality.

Coats' disease - disease of the eye rarely encountered by pathologists.

Coats' Disease is an idiopathic condition of the eye affecting young children although it can be seen in adults. Most patients present early in life with unilateral decreased vision, strabismus or leukocoria. The most important differential diagnosis is unilateral retinoblastoma.

Screening of methicillin-resistant in healthcare workers and students and its susceptibility to mupirocin in a tertiary care teaching hospital in South India.

Background: is the most common pathogen causing infection in hospitals. They also colonize the healthcare workers who serve as reservoir of infection. Emergence of methicillin-resistant (MRSA) is a burning issue throughout the world contributing to significant morbidity and mortality.

Quiescent Volcano-Chest Wall Hemangioma.

Chest wall hemangiomas are rare tumors that may originate within the soft tissue or from the ribs. Intramuscular hemangioma is infrequent, representing less than 1 % of all hemangiomas, and the localization in the chest wall is even less frequent. They are typically cutaneous in location, large, and poorly circumscribed and can be locally destructive.

Adult filarial worm from the breast aspirate of a young man.

Microfilariae and adult filarial worm have been incidentally detected in fine needle aspirates of various lesions in clinically unsuspected cases. Here we report a male patient who presented with a tender breast nodule and single enlarged lymph node. Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) yielded 1 ml of yellow coloured fluid and single thread like worm measuring 6 × 0.

Concurrent Presentation of Erythrodermic Lichen Planus and Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Coincidence or Malignant Transformation?

Lichen planus is a common papulosquamous disorder affecting about 1-2% of the population, neoplastic transformation of cutaneous lichen planus lesions occurs very rarely. A 40 year old female patient presented with a 1 year history of developing multiple, itchy, pigmented lesions over both lower legs which gradually spread to involve the whole body. A few tense bullae were seen on the extremities.

Peripheral venous pressure as a reliable predictor for monitoring central venous pressure in patients with burns.

Background: Optimizing cardiovascular function to ensure adequate tissue oxygen delivery is a key objective in the care of critically ill patients with burns. Hemodynamic monitoring may be necessary to optimize resuscitation in serious burn patients with reasonable safety. Invasive central venous pressure (CVP) monitoring has become the corner stone of hemodynamic monitoring in patients with burns but is associated with inherent risks and technical difficulties.

Role of FNAC in the Preoperative Diagnosis of Salivary Gland Lesions.

Background: The characteristic cytologic features of the common salivary gland lesions have been well-delineated in literature. However, there also exist cytologic pitfalls and overlapping features that make an accurate diagnosis difficult in few cases. The present study was designed to compare the cytologic findings of salivary gland lesions with the histologic diagnoses, in order to assess the sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of FNAC, with an emphasis on discordant cases.

Medical Symbols in Practice: Myths vs Reality.

Background: The caduceus is the popular symbol of medicine. However, premier health organizations and regulatory bodies such as the World Health Organization and the Medical Council of India use a different symbol- the rod of Asclepius in their logo. There is an increasing awareness and recognition that the caduceus is a false symbol and has no historical substantiation as an emblem of medicine.

Spectrum of mucocutaneous manifestations in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients and its correlation with CD4 lymphocyte count.

In this study, 100 HIV-positive cases (63 men, 37 women) with skin findings were included. The mean CD4 T cell count was 253 cells/mm(3). A total of 235 dermatological manifestations were seen.

The clinical spectrum and antibiotic sensitivity patterns of staphylococcal pyodermas in the community and hospital.

Context: The uncontrolled use of antibiotics has resulted in a relentless spread of multiresistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus. There are studies conducted in medical colleges in Chandigarh, Chennai, Mumbai and Vellore comparing pyodermas in the community and hospital setting based on clinical and bacteriological parameters.

Aims: This study, conducted over 1½ years from March 2009 to August 2010, aimed at analyzing the clinical spectrum and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of community and hospital-associated (HA) staphylococcal pyoderma.

Subcutaneous surprise.

Melioidosis is a zoonosis caused by the accidental pathogen Burkholderia pseudomallei, which is endemic in Southeast Asia and northern Australia. The mortality of melioidosis is 20-50% even with treatment. Suppurative lymphadenitis caused by melioidosis has been rarely encountered by clinicians practicing in endemic areas.

A rare cause of jejunojejunal intussusception in an adult.

Jejunojejunal intussusceptions are not common in adults and unlike in children, a lead point is usually found. The clinical presentation in adults tends to be more chronic or intermittent and include abdominal pain, obstructive symptoms, gastrointestinal bleeding or palpable mass. These unspecific symptoms often lead to a late diagnosis.

Ulcerating type 1 lepra reaction mimicking lazarine leprosy: an unusual presentation of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in an HIV-infected patient.

Leprosy maybe "unmasked" in the context of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome and treating dermatologists, particularly in highly endemic areas for Hansen's disease, need to be cognizant to this possibility. It may also reflect emergence of a previously clinically silent infection in the course of immunologic restoration.