Identification of Candidate Genes Associated with Flesh Firmness by Combining QTL Mapping and Transcriptome Profiling in .

Flesh firmness is an important quality of pear fruits. Breeding cultivars with suitably low flesh firmness is one of the popular pear breeding goals. At present, SNP markers related to pear flesh firmness and genes affecting flesh firmness are still uncertain.

Characterization and structure-functionality analysis of starch in different layers of Lycoris chinensis bulb scales.

According to literature, the size distribution of starch granules varies significantly in different layers of Lycoris chinensis bulb scales, however its effect on structural and physicochemical properties of starch still remains unclear. In this study, outer, middle and inner layers of bulb scales of L. chinensis were compared for starch characteristics.

Metabolomics integrated with transcriptomics provides insights into the phenylpropanoids biosynthesis pathway in Lilium davidii var. unicolor and L. lancifolium Thunb.

Lilium spp. is a world-famous bulbous flower with outstanding ornamental, edible, and medicinal value. Evaluating the taste of edible lilies and identifying important active substances and genes are necessary for germplasm improvement, new variety breeding, and industrial application.

An ARF gene mutation creates flint kernel architecture in dent maize.

Dent and flint kernel architectures are important characteristics that affect the physical properties of maize kernels and their grain end uses. The genes controlling these traits are unknown, so it is difficult to combine the advantageous kernel traits of both. We found mutation of ARFTF17 in a dent genetic background reduces IAA content in the seed pericarp, creating a flint-like kernel phenotype.

"Structure-function" analysis using starches isolated from Lycoris chinensis bulbs of different developmental stages.

In this study, Lycoris chinensis bulbs of four developmental stages were compared for starch characteristics. Based on correlation analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis, the relationships among 36 traits were discussed. Compared to commonly consumed starches, L.

QTL mapping and transcriptome analysis of sugar content during fruit ripening of .

Sugar content is an important trait of fruits. The genetic background of fruits can affect their sugar content in different cultivars. The quantitative trait loci and genes related to sugar content during fruit ripening remain unclear.

SWATH-MS-Based Proteomics Reveals the Regulatory Metabolism of Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids in Three Species.

Alkaloids are a class of nitrogen-containing alkaline organic compounds found in nature, with significant biological activity, and are also important active ingredients in Chinese herbal medicine. Amaryllidaceae plants are rich in alkaloids, among which galanthamine, lycorine, and lycoramine are representative. Since the difficulty and high cost of synthesizing alkaloids have been the major obstacles in industrial production, particularly the molecular mechanism underlying alkaloid biosynthesis is largely unknown.

Development of EST-SSR markers based on transcriptome sequencing for germplasm evaluation of 65 lilies (Lilium).

Background: Lilium genus consists of approximately 100 species and numerous varieties, many of which are interspecific hybrids, which result in a complicated genetic background. The germplasm identification, genetic relationship analysis, and breeding of Lilium rely on exploiting genetic information among different accessions. Hence, an attempt was made to develop new EST-SSR markers and study the molecular divergence among 65 genotypes of Lilium.

Integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis reveals the anthocyanin biosynthesis mechanisms in blueberry ( L.) leaves under different light qualities.

Introduction: Blueberry ( L.) is a popular fruit with an abundance of anthocyanins in its leaves and fruits. Light is one of the pivotal environmental elements that affects plant growth and development, but the regulatory mechanism between light quality and anthocyanin formation is poorly understood.

CsMYB Transcription Factors Participate in Jasmonic Acid Signal Transduction in Response to Cold Stress in Tea Plant ().

Low-temperature stress is an increasing problem for the cultivation of tea (), with adverse effects on plant growth and development and subsequent negative impacts on the tea industry. Methyl jasmonate (MeJA), as a plant inducer, can improve the cold-stress tolerance in tea plants. R2R3-MYB transcription factors (TFs) are considered potentially important regulators in the resistance to cold stress in plants.

Effect of different LED-lighting quality conditions on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of saffron plants ( L.).

The effects of different light-emitting diode (LED) lights on saffron growth and photosynthetic characteristic were explored. Physiological mechanisms were explained by chlorophyll fluorescence transient curves (OJIP) and JIP-test parameters. A decrease in the red to blue light ratio resulted in negative effects, particularly for monochromatic blue (B) LED light; saffron seedlings showed reduced chlorophyll accumulation, inhibited leaf elongation, and decreased photosynthetic performance.

Comparative Metabolomics Analysis of Stigmas and Petals in Chinese Saffron () by Widely Targeted Metabolomics.

The dried stigmas of , commonly known as saffron, are consumed largely worldwide because it is highly valuable in foods and has biological activities beneficial for health. Saffron has important economic and medicinal value, and thus, its planting area and global production are increasing. Petals, which are a by-product of the stigmas, have not been fully utilized at present.

Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Potential Gene Regulatory Networks Under Cold Stress of Loquat ( Lindl.).

Loquat ( Lindl. ) is one of the most economically important evergreen fruit crops in China, while it often suffered the injury of cold stress in winter and earlier spring, and the annual yield loss of loquat fruits caused by cold or freezing stress was immeasurable. However, knowledge about the physiological response and molecular mechanism under cold stress is still limited.

Genome-Wide Analysis of the Gene Family and Their Expression Pattern Analysis in Tea Plant ().

TEOSINTE BRANCHED1/CYCLOIDEA/PCF (TCP) transcription factors TEOSINTE BRANCHED1/CYCLOIDEA/PCF have been suggested to control the cell growth and proliferation in meristems and lateral organs. A total of 37 genes were identified and divided into two classes, class I (PCF, group 1) and class II (CIN CYC/TB1, groups 2, and 3). The residues of TEOSINTE BRANCHED1/CYCLOIDEA/PCF of Camellia sinensis (Tea plant) (CsTCP) proteins between class I and class II were definitely different in the loop, helix I, and helix II regions; however, eighteen conserved tandem was found in bHLH.

The nitrate transporter OsNPF7.9 mediates nitrate allocation and the divergent nitrate use efficiency between indica and japonica rice.

Nitrate allocation in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) represents an important mechanism for mediating plant environmental adaptation. However, whether this mechanism occurs or has any physiological/agronomic importance in the ammoniphilic plant rice (Oriza sativa L.) remains unknown.

Comprehensive Transcriptome and Metabolic Profiling of Petal Color Development in .

() is an important ornamental bulbous plant, and its numerous varieties in different color forms are widely planted. Multiple color types of petals in provide us with possibilities to delineate the complicated metabolic networks underlying the biochemical traits behind color formation in this plant species, especially petal color. In this study, we sequenced and annotated a reference transcriptome of pink and white petals of and analyzed the metabolic role of anthocyanin biosynthesis in regulating color pigment metabolism.

Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveals That Exogenous Methyl Jasmonate Regulates Galanthamine Biosynthesis in Seedlings.

The Amaryllidaceae alkaloid galanthamine (Gal) in is a secondary metabolite that has been used to treat Alzheimer's disease. Plant secondary metabolism is affected by methyl jasmonate (MeJA) exposure, although the regulatory mechanisms of MeJA on seedlings remains largely unknown. In the present study, 75, 150, and 300 μM MeJA were used as treatments on seedlings for 7, 14, 21, and 28 days, while 0 μM MeJA was used as the control (MJ-0).

Comprehensive Leaf Cell Wall Analysis Using Carbohydrate Microarrays Reveals Polysaccharide-Level Variation between Species with Differing Resistance to Downy Mildew.

The cell wall acts as one of the first barriers of the plant against various biotic stressors. Previous studies have shown that alterations in wall polysaccharides may influence crop disease resistance. In the grapevine family, several native species (e.

Effect of Exogenous Gibberellin, Paclobutrazol, Abscisic Acid, and Ethrel Application on Bulblet Development in .

species have great ornamental and medicinal values; however, their low regeneration efficiency significantly restricts their commercial production. Exogenous hormone application is an effective way to promote bulblet development, but their effect on has not been verified to date. In the present study, we examined the effect of different exogenous hormones on bulblet development in , and found that gibberellic acid (GA) significantly inhibited, whereas paclobutrazol (PBZ), abscisic acid (ABA), and ethrel promoted bulblet development, especially PBZ, a GA biosynthesis inhibitor.

Transcriptome Analysis of Different Tissues Reveals Key Genes Associated With Galanthamine Biosynthesis in .

is a traditional medicinal plant containing the bioactive compound galanthamine (Gal), a type of Amaryllidaceae alkaloid and can be used to treat Alzheimer's disease. However, research on its genome or transcriptome and associated genes in the biosynthetic pathway is incomplete. In this study, we estimated the nuclear genome size of this species to be 29.

Changes in carbohydrate metabolism and endogenous hormone regulation during bulblet initiation and development in Lycoris radiata.

Background: Lycoris species have great ornamental and medicinal values; however, their low regeneration efficiency seriously restricts their commercial production. Understanding the mechanism of bulblet propagation in this genus, which has remained underexplored to date, could provide a theoretical basis for improving the reproductive efficiency. Therefore, we studied the bulblet initiation and developmental processes in Lycoris radiata.