Xylem plasticity of root, stem, and branch in under drought stress: implications for whole-plant hydraulic integrity.

Introduction: A better understanding of xylem hydraulic characteristics in trees is critical to elucidate the mechanisms of forest decline and tree mortality from water deficit. As well as temperate forests and forests growing in arid regions, subtropical and tropical forests are also predicted to experience an increased frequency and intensity of climate change-induced drought in the near future.

Methods: In this study, 1-year-old seedlings (a typical subtropical species in southern China) were selected for a continuous controlled drought pot experiment of 45 days duration.

Genome Sequencing and Analysis of , a Rice Leaf Disease Fungus.

is one of several fungal pathogens known to cause brown streaks, leaf spots, and latent infections in rice. In this study, the entire 42.09-Mb genome of was sequenced at a depth of 169× using the Oxford Nanopore Technologies platform.

Compared with soil fungal diversity and microbial network complexity, soil bacterial diversity drives soil multifunctionality during the restoration process.

Understanding factors driving soil multifunctionality can help with terrestrial ecosystem restoration. Soil microbial diversity and network complexity are two important factors influencing ecosystem multifunctionality. However, their effects on soil multifunctionality are still unclear.

All-Year High IAA and ABA Contents in Rhizome Buds May Contribute to Natural Four-Season Shooting in Woody Bamboo .

To explore the regulation mechanism of endogenous phytohormones on rhizome bud germination in , the contents of IAA, ABA, GA, and CTK in seven above- and under-ground bamboo structure components were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The results showed that a higher content of IAA, GA, and CTK all year was found in above-ground components and dormant rhizome buds. Meanwhile, a higher ABA content in young shoots and a lower ABA content in the culm base and dormant rhizome buds were detected during the peak period of shooting.

Enhancing cryopreservation survival in Petunia × Calibrachoa 'Light Yellow' callus: Insights into material characteristics and genetic integrity.

Petunia × Calibrachoa 'Light Yellow' (× Petchoa 'Light Yellow') is a kind of perennial herbaceous flower obtained through intergeneric hybridization of Petunia and Calibrachoa with high ornamental value and wide application, facing challenges in seed acquisition. Expanding propagation through tissue culture is an economically efficient means. Hence, establishing an effective procedure for the storage of callus is essential for × Petchoa 'Light Yellow'.

Transcriptomic changes and prediction of time since deposition of blood stains.

In forensics, it is important to determine the time since deposition (TSD) of bloodstains, one of the most common types of biological evidence in criminal cases. However, no effective TSD inference methods have been established despite extensive attempts in forensic science. Our study investigated the changes in the blood transcriptome over time, and we found that degradation could be divided into four stages (days 0-2, 4-14, 21-56, and 84-168) at 4 °C.

Genome-wide molecular evolution analysis of the GRF and GIF gene families in Plantae (Archaeplastida).

Background: Plant growth-regulating factors (GRFs) and GRF-interacting factors (GIFs) interact with each other and collectively have important regulatory roles in plant growth, development, and stress responses. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the systematic evolution of GRF and GIF gene families. However, our knowledge and understanding of the role of GRF and GIF genes during plant evolution has been fragmentary.

Distribution characteristics and diversity of myxomycetes in three parallel rivers in Yunnan, China.

Three Parallel Rivers is one of the world's biodiversity hotspots. However, the research on myxomycetes diversity is scarce in this area. Random sampling was used to investigate myxomycetes' diversity and distribution characteristics in this area.

Spatial and temporal evolution and influencing factors of tourism eco-efficiency in Fujian province under the target of carbon peak.

Tourism eco-efficiency is an important indicator to measure the sustainable development of tourism with the core objective of "minimum resource input and environmental damage, maximum economic and social output". This paper explores the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of tourism eco-efficiency and its influencing factors in Fujian Province from 2011 to 2020 by combining the unexpected output Super-SBM model, gravity center model, standard deviation ellipse, and optimal parameters-based geographical detector model. The results are as follows.

Calcium stress reduces the reproductive capacity and pathogenicity of the pine wood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) by inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation reaction.

The continuous use of chemical pesticides to control nematodes could result in the developing of pesticide-resistant nematodes. Novel nucleic acid pesticides are becoming the focus of pesticide research due to their strong specificity, high efficiency, and environmental friendliness. However, the limited known biochemical targets restrict the development of target pesticides for nematodes.

Impacts of Lithology and Slope Position on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Communities in a Karst Forest Soil.

The influence of lithology and slope position on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) communities has been explored in various ecosystems, but there is a limited understanding of these mechanisms in karst regions. This study focused on typical karst hills with contrasting lithologies, specifically dolomite and limestone. Additionally, three slope positions (upper, middle, and lower) were investigated within each hill in karst forest ecosystems.

The soil microbial necromass carbon and the carbon pool stability drive a stronge priming effect following vegetation restoration.

The priming effect stands as a critical factor influencing the balance of soil organic carbon (SOC). Following vegetation restoration, the carbon (C) pool stability in Platycladus orientalis forests (PO) varies, and the priming effect resulting from exogenous C addition also differs significantly. Here, we selected PO with restoration ages of 10, 15, and 30 years in the rocky mountainous area in northern China and conducted measurements of soil properties, microbial communities, microbial necromass C (MNC), SOC fractions, and the priming effect characteristics to explore the main influencing factors of the priming effect, especially the microbiological mechanisms.

Landscape predictors influencing livestock depredation by leopards in and around Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal.

Livestock depredation by leopards is a pervasive issue across many Asian and African range countries, particularly in and around protected areas. Developing effective conflict mitigation strategies requires understanding the landscape features influencing livestock depredation. In this study, we investigated predictors associated with livestock depredation by leopards using 274 cases of leopard attacks on livestock that occurred between 2017 and 2020 in the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal.

Effect of blackberry anthocyanins and its combination with tea polyphenols on the oxidative stability of lard and olive oil.

To investigate the protective effect of blackberry anthocyanins (BA), tea polyphenols (TP), and their binary mixture on the oxidative stability of edible oils during storage, BA, TP, and their binary mixture were added to lard and olive oil. The changes in peroxide value (PV), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), acid value (AV), and scavenging capacity of DPPH and ABTS of oil samples were evaluated during accelerated storage. BA were found to have a remarkable capability to enhance antioxidant properties, delay lipid oxidation, and inhibit the deterioration both of lard and olive oil at high-temperature processes.

Insect multimeric G-quadruplexes fold into antiparallel structures of different compactness and stability in K and Na solutions.

Human telomere sequences (TTAGGG) fold into G-quadruplexes with different conformations in K and Na solutions, which are highlighted for their potential as antitumor drug targets. Moreover, human multimeric G-quadruplexes have been broadly studied potentially for screening ligands with higher selectivity than monomeric G-quadruplexes. Most insects have telomeres consisting of pentanucleotide (TTAGG) repeats, which fold into an antiparallel structured G-quadruplex with a two-layer G-planar in a K solution.

sp. nov., an Emerging Pathogen of Sapling Shoot Blight on Chinese Fir, and Its Sensitivity to Fungicides.

Chinese fir is an extremely important economic tree species in southern China. In recent years, 74.5% of Chinese fir saplings suffered from shoot blight in Shunchang County, Nanping City, Fujian Province, China.

Genome-wide identification of the Pyrus R2R3-MYB gene family and PhMYB62 regulation analysis in Pyrus hopeiensis flowers at low temperature.

The R2R3-MYB gene family play an important role in plant growth, development and stress responses. In this study, a total of 122 PcoR2R3-MYB genes were identified and grouped into 26 clades in pear. And these PcoMYBs were unevenly distributed among 17 chromosomes.

Does nest occupancy by birds influence the microbial composition?

Nest microbiota plays a vital role in the breeding and development of birds, which not only provides protection to bird hosts but also negatively affects the host. At present, it is unclear whether the composition of the microbes in the nests is affected by nesting. For this reason, we hung artificial nest boxes to simulate the natural nesting environment and combined 16S rRNA and ITS high-throughput sequencing technology to further study the differences in microbial composition and richness between used nests and control nests of Japanese tits ().

 (Poaceae, Bambusoideae), a new species from the southeast of Chongqing, China, and analysis of the morphological diversity in the core group of .

W. G. Zhang, S.

Recent progress on phytoremediation of urban air pollution.

The rapid growth of population and economy has led to an increase in urban air pollutants, greenhouse gases, energy shortages, environmental degradation, and species extinction, all of which affect ecosystems, biodiversity, and human health. Atmospheric pollution sources are divided into direct and indirect pollutants. Through analysis of the sources of pollutants, the self-functioning of different plants can be utilized to purify the air quality more effectively.

Genome-Wide Analysis of Family Genes and Identification of Members Associated with Cold/Drought-Induced Photoinhibition in .

Plant basic helix-loop-helix () transcription factors play pivotal roles in responding to stress, including cold and drought. However, it remains unclear how family genes respond to these stresses in . In this study, we identified 75 members in , classified into 11 subfamilies and unevenly distributed across its 18 chromosomes.

Promoting effects of soil C and N and limiting effect of soil P jointly determine the plant diversity during the aerial seeding restoration process in Mu Us sandy land, China.

Introduction: Exploring the change and maintaining mechanism of plant diversity is of great significance for guiding the restoration of degraded ecosystems. However, how plant taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity change during long-term ecosystem restoration process and their driving factors remain unclear.

Methods: Based on the 35-year time gradient of aerial seeding restoration in Mu Us sandy land, this study explored the changes in plant taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity and the driving factors.

Dynamic stratified porosity computation from canopy interaction simulation between airflow and leaves.

The main goal of wind-driven spraying is to use assisted airflow to disrupt the structure of branches and leaves and broaden the air delivery channel, so as to achieve uniform droplet deposition in the middle and lower parts of the canopy. Due to the complex branch and leaf structure inside the canopy, there is currently no effective method to express the dynamic changes of canopy porosity and the law of airflow attenuation under assisted airflow. In this study, based on the two-way fluid-structure interaction numerical simulation method, the relating between the assisted airflow and the structural parameters of the cotton canopy is analyzed, and a new method for predicting and simulating the dynamic porosity of the canopy is proposed.