Population structure and genetic diversity of Toona sinensis revealed by whole-genome resequencing.

Objectives: Toona sinensis, commonly known as Chinese toon, is a perennial woody plant with significant economic and ecological importance. This study employed whole-genome resequencing of 180 T. sinensis samples collected from Shandong to analyze genetic variation and diversity, ultimately identifying 18,231 high-quality SNPs after rigorous quality control and linkage disequilibrium pruning.

Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the WRKY gene family in Mikania micrantha.

Background: WRKY transcription factors (TFs) regulate plant responses to environmental stimuli and development, including flowering. Despite extensive research on different species, their role in the invasive plant Mikania micrantha remains to be explored. The aim of this study was to identify and analyze WRKY genes in M.

The StbHLH47 transcription factor negatively regulates drought tolerance in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.).

Background: Drought stress is a major environmental constraint affecting crop yields. Plants in agricultural and natural environments have developed various mechanisms to cope with drought stress. Identifying genes associated with drought stress tolerance in potato and elucidating their regulatory mechanisms is crucial for the breeding of new potato germplasms.

The highly allo-autopolyploid modern sugarcane genome and very recent allopolyploidization in Saccharum.

Modern sugarcane, a highly allo-autopolyploid organism, has a very complex genome. In the present study, the karyotype and genome architecture of modern sugarcane were investigated, resulting in a genome assembly of 97 chromosomes (8.84 Gb).

Fluorescent "on-off-on" sensor based on N, P co-doped carbon nanoparticles for specific detection of Fe and ascorbic acid.

Ascorbic acid (AA) is used as a food additive for its antibacterial and antioxidant properties. However, excessive intake of AA is harmful to humans. Therefore, the detection of Fe and AA is generally recognized to be meaningful.

Microwave-assisted Lewis acid catalysis for one-step preparation of high-performance buckwheat peptide-based films: Efficacy, mechanism, and applications.

This study presents a novel method for the efficient preparation of peptide-based films through microwave-assisted Lewis acid catalysis (MALC) of buckwheat globulin (BG). The MALC process efficiently degraded BG into small molecular peptides (1.6-1.

Factors associated with contracting border malaria: A systematic and meta-analysis.

Vector resistance, human population movement, and cross-border malaria continue to pose a threat to the attainment of malaria elimination goals. Border malaria is prominent in border regions characterised by poor access to health services, remoteness, and vector abundance. Human socio-economic behaviour, vectoral behaviour, access and use of protective methods, age, sex, and occupation have been identified in non-border regions as key predictors for malaria.

Emerging frontiers of nickel-aluminium layered double hydroxide heterojunctions for photocatalysis.

The unique benefits of nickel-aluminium layered double hydroxide (Ni-Al LDH)-based heterojunctions, including large surface area, tunable bandgap and morphology, abundant reaction sites, and high activity, selectivity, and photostability, make them extremely promising for photocatalytic applications. Given the importance and benefits of Ni-Al LDH-based heterojunctions in photocatalysis, it is necessary to provide a summary of Ni-Al LDH-based heterojunctions for photocatalytic applications. Hence, in this review, we thoroughly described the material design for Ni-Al LDH-based heterojunctions, along with their recent developments in various photocatalytic applications, , H evolution, CO reduction, and pollutant removal.

OrchidBase 6.0: increasing the number of Cymbidium (Orchidaceae) genomes and new bioinformatic tools for orchid genome analysis.

Background: Orchids are well-known for their rich diversity of species as well as wide range habitats. Their floral structures are so unique in angiosperms that many of orchids are economically and culturally important in human society. Orchids pollination strategy and evolutionary trajectory are also fantastic human for centuries.

Forest pest monitoring and early warning using UAV remote sensing and computer vision techniques.

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing has revolutionized forest pest monitoring and early warning systems. However, the susceptibility of UAV-based object detection models to adversarial attacks raises concerns about their reliability and robustness in real-world deployments. To address this challenge, we propose SC-RTDETR, a novel framework for secure and robust object detection in forest pest monitoring using UAV imagery.

A recent large-scale intraspecific IR expansion and evolutionary dynamics of the plastome of Peucedanum japonicum.

Peucedanum japonicum (PJ), a member of the Apiaceae family, is widely distributed and cultivated in East Asian countries for edible and functional foods. In this study, we compared the plastid genomes (plastomes) and 45S nuclear ribosomal DNA (45S nrDNA) simultaneously from 10 PJ collections. Plastome-based phylogenetic analysis showed that the PJ accessions were monophyletic within the genus Peucedanum.

Study on physical clogging process and practical application of horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland.

In view of the urgent concerns pertaining to the proliferation of rural wastewater discharges and the imperative for decentralized treatment, this article examines the phenomenon of physical clogging in a small-scale horizontal submerged flow artificial wetland system. Through a combination of experimental analysis and CFD-EDM numerical simulations, the impact of clogging on the hydraulic efficiency of the system was subjected to rigorous examination. Based on these findings, an innovative design strategy was proposed, namely the addition of vertical baffles.

Isolation, Identification, and Fermentation Optimization of Phytase-Producing Bacteria and Their Effects on Soybean Seedlings.

Phosphorus in soil mostly exists in complex compounds such as phytic acid, which reduces the effectiveness of phosphorus and limits agricultural production. Phytase has the activity of hydrolyzing phytate into phosphate. The mineralization of phytate in soil by phytase secreted by microorganisms is an effective way to improve the utilization rate of phytate.

The analysis on forest farmers' intention to participate in construction of the National Reserve Forest Project and its driving factors.

The construction of the National Reserve Forest Project is the fundamental measure to alleviate the contradiction between national wood supply and demand and maintain national ecological security and wood security. This study analyzed the forest farmers' intention to participate in the project and its driving factors. It provides a scientific basis for mobilizing forest farmers' enthusiasm for continuous participation, improving their sense of gain, and realizing the established goals of constructing the National Reserve Forest Project.

Relationship between wind speed and plant hydraulics at the global scale.

Wind is an important ecological factor for plants as it can increase evapotranspiration and cause dehydration. However, the impact of wind on plant hydraulics at a global scale remains unclear. Here we compiled plant key hydraulic traits, including water potential at 50% loss of hydraulic conductivity (P), xylem-specific hydraulic conductivity (K), leaf area to sapwood area ratio (A/A) and conduit diameter (D) with 2,786 species-at-site combinations across 1,922 woody species at 469 sites worldwide and analysed their correlations with wind speed.

Population dynamics and the role of protected areas in China's milu deer (Elaphurus davidianus) rewilding.

Protected areas are refugia for wildlife and play a crucial role in biodiversity conservation, especially in the restoration of rare and endangered species. However, little attention has been paid to the long-term contribution of protected areas to rare species population rejuvenation. To identify the population growth of milu deer (Elaphurus davidianus)in protected areas and unprotected areas, we fitted the population dynamics curve of reintroduced free-ranging and wild populations based on long-term monitoring data in four protected areas: Jiangsu Dafeng Milu National Nature Reserve, Hubei Shishou Milu National Nature Reserve, Hunan East Dongting Lake National Nature Reserve, and Jiangxi Poyang Lake area.

Response of carbon storage to land use change and multi-scenario predictions in Zunyi, China.

Evaluating and predicting how carbon storage (CS) is impacted by land use change can enable optimizing of future spatial layouts and coordinate land use and ecosystem services. This paper explores the changes in and driving factors of Zunyi CS from 2000 to 2020, predicts the changes in CS under different development scenarios, and determines the optimal development scenario. Woodland and farmland are the main land use types in Zunyi.

Identification of the CaCRT gene family and function of CaCRT1 under low-temperature stress in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.).

To explore CRT gene family members and their responses to low-temperature stress, bioinformatics methods were used to identify the CRT gene family in pepper. In this study, a total of 4 CRT gene family members were identified by screening. The genes were found to be located on different chromosomes, and phylogenetic tree and collinearity analyses were performed.

Changing patterns of global nitrogen deposition driven by socio-economic development.

Advances in manufacturing and trade have reshaped global nitrogen deposition patterns, yet their dynamics and drivers remain unclear. Here, we compile a comprehensive global nitrogen deposition database spanning 1977-2021, aggregating 52,671 site-years of data from observation networks and published articles. This database show that global nitrogen deposition to land is 92.

The giant genome of lily provides insights into the hybridization of cultivated lilies.

Lilies are economically important monocots known for their ornamental flowers, bulbs, and large genomes. The absence of their genomic information has impeded evolutionary studies and genome-based breeding efforts. Here, we present reference genomes for Lilium sargentiae (lily, 35.

Chromosome-level genome assembly of Monolepta hieroglyphica, two-spotted leaf beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae).

Monolepta hieroglyphica, in view of its wide-ranging host and highly polyphagous characteristics, has become an important agricultural pest in East and Southeast Asian countries. To better understand its biology and develop control strategies, we present a high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly of M. hieroglyphica, with contig N50 of 18.

Compressible, anti-fatigue, extreme environment adaptable, and biocompatible supramolecular organohydrogel enabled by lignosulfonate triggered noncovalent network.

Achieving a synergy of biocompatibility and extreme environmental adaptability with excellent mechanical property remains challenging in the development of synthetic materials. Herein, a "bottom-up" solution-interface-induced self-assembly strategy is adopted to develop a compressible, anti-fatigue, extreme environment adaptable, biocompatible, and recyclable organohydrogel composed of chitosan-lignosulfonate-gelatin by constructing noncovalent bonded conjoined network. The ethylene glycol/water solvent induced lignosulfonate nanoparticles function as bridge in chitosan/gelation network, forming multiple interfacial interactions that can effectively dissipate energy.

General (hetero)polyaryl amine synthesis via multicomponent cycloaromatization of amines.

(Hetero)polyaryl amines are extensively prevalent in pharmaceuticals, fine chemicals, and materials but the intricate and varied nature of their structures severely restricts their synthesis. Here, we present a selective multicomponent cycloaromatization of structurally and functionally diverse amine substrates for the general and modular synthesis of (hetero)polyaryl amines through copper(I)-catalysis. This strategy directly constructs a remarkable range of amino group-functionalized (hetero)polyaryl frameworks (194 examples), including naphthalene, binaphthalene, phenanthren, benzothiophene, dibenzothiophene, benzofuran, dibenzofuran, quinoline, isoquinoline, quinazoline, and others, which are challenging or impossible to obtain using alternative methods.

Enhancement of soy protein functionality by conjugation or complexation with polysaccharides or polyphenols: A review.

Soy proteins have good nutritional quality and exhibit a range of useful functional attributes, making them a viable option for replacing animal proteins in the development of more sustainable and eco-friendly plant-based food products. Nevertheless, soy proteins are prone to denaturation and/or aggregation under conditions they encounter in some food and beverage products (including certain pH, ionic, and thermal conditions), which adversely impact their functional performance. This problem can often be overcome by covalently (conjugation) or noncovalently (complexation) linking the soy proteins to polysaccharides or polyphenols, thereby expanding their application scope.