Scalp and Forehead Reconstruction following Mohs Micrographic Surgery.

For proper reconstruction of scalp and forehead defects following Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS), knowledge of the unique anatomy and aesthetic importance of these structures is necessary to restore function and appearance. However, the inflexibility, convexity, and hair-bearing nature of the scalp and forehead can make reconstruction challenging. Detailed planning and precise management are essential to achieve adequate reconstructive results.

[Forehead shape in "Toulouse" artificial skull deformations].

Artificial skull deformations were performed in all cultures since Prehistoric times using external devices, to permanently modify the shape of the head of newborns. Two types of deformations are reported: (1) antero-posterior deformations ("flat heads") and (2) circumferential deformations ("long heads"). Deformation devices exert mechanical forces on the forehead and the occiput: forehead shape is thus a major source of information for diagnosis, classification and on the culture significance of artificial skull deformations.

[Metoposcopy].

From the oracle of Delphi to magnetic resonance imaging, the anatomist's dissecting gaze has always been accompanied by a connective reading, nourishing subjectivity. The face offered to view has thus been the subject since Aristotle (and probably before without any written record of it being kept) of multiple interpretations, becoming a standard throughout the ages. A whole vocabulary emanates from it: metoposcopy, prosopology, physiognomony, phrenology, organology, morphopsychology, amphibology… which punctuated the beyond of the gaze.

Hemodynamics and vascular oxygenation measured at the forehead during changes in respiration: A SPA-fNIRS study.

Significance: Cerebral blood flow is influenced by respiration, primarily through changes in the CO concentration of arterial blood.

Aim: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of changes in arterial CO concentration induced by respiratory changes on oxygenation and hemodynamics in the cerebral and extracerebral tissue layers of the forehead.

Approach: We used systemic physiology augmented functional near-infrared spectroscopy (SPA-fNIRS) to assess changes in forehead hemodynamics and oxygenation as well as systemic physiology in 20 healthy subjects.

The free style "Twin V/Y Nasal Perforator Flaps". An alternative to the forehead flap for nasal tip reconstruction. A case control study.

Introduction: Replacing the skin along the nasal tip remains a challenge. Depending on the extent of the skin loss, various local or regional flaps are available for reconstruction. If cutaneous replacement involves the nasal tip, the forehead flap can be used successfully.

Three-dimensional Analysis of Lifting Effects after High-intensity Focused Ultrasound (Ultraformer-MPT) across Seven Facial Aesthetic Units Considering SonoAnatomy.

Background: This investigation delves deep into the lifting degree for each area of noninvasive facial rejuvenation through high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). The study meticulously examines the lifting effects of HIFU treatment across seven distinct facial aesthetic-units, using advanced three-dimensional scanner analysis.

Methods: The study examined a cohort of 50 patients treated with HIFU.

Choke Anastomosis: A Key Element Acting as a Shunt Converter Between Adjacent Angiosomes.

Background: Choke anastomosis is commonly recognized as a resistance factor that detrimentally affects the hemodynamics of the skin flap; however, its additional potential physiological roles in normal skin function are currently not fully understood.

Methods: Ten cadaveric forehead flap specimens pedicled with unilateral STAs were perfused with lead oxide-gelatin mixture, and then dissected into 3 layers, including the super temporal fascia-frontalis-galea aponeurotica layer, the subcutaneous adipose tissue layer, and the "super-thin flap" layer. The forehead flap and stratified specimens underwent molybdenum target x-ray and subsequent transparent processing to effectively visualize the microscopic spatial architecture of arterial vessels across all levels.

The Relationship Between Glabellar Contraction Patterns and Glabellar Muscle Anatomy: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging-based Study.

Background: Glabellar contraction patterns were introduced to the scientific literature to help guide glabellar neuromodulator injection algorithms. However, the relationship between the underlying musculature and its influence on these glabellar contraction patterns is unclear.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) glabellar muscle parameters that display an influence on the distribution of individual glabellar contraction patterns.

Consensus Recommendations for Treatment of the Upper Face With LetibotulinumtoxinA.

One of the authors (K-H. Y.) convened a panel of seven aesthetic experts from South Korea and Australia to create guidelines for treating facial lines of the upper face with letibotulinumtoxinA.

Applying 3D scanning to evaluate facial symmetry in Asian populations.

Background: Facial symmetry enhances attractiveness, with various therapies available to improve it. However, trends in facial asymmetry remain unclear. This study evaluates the differences between specific facial regions using 3D scanning to guide clinical treatment.

Harmonizing soft tissue subnasale and chin position in a forehead-based framework: interracial commonalities and differences between Asian and Caucasian females.

Objectives: To establish a reference system for assessing the anteroposterior (A-P) position of the subnasal and lower-facial soft tissues for whole facial harmony.

Materials And Methods: Forty Asian and 40 Caucasian females with attractive profiles were selected as the "attractive" samples, with "ordinary" samples for comparison. Each profile was analyzed, and comparisons were made to reveal the interracial commonalities and differences.

An artificial intelligence powered study of enlarged facial pore prevalence on one million Chinese from different age groups and its correlation with environmental factors.

Background: Enlarged pores are amidst one of the top cosmetic concerns, especially among Chinese. Many small-group studies have been conducted in understanding their prevalence and beauty relevance. Nonetheless, population-level investigations are still lacking because of gaps in data collection and processing of large-scale studies.

The impact of breastfeeding on facial appearance in adolescent children.

Evidence that breastfeeding impacts the facial features of children is conflicting. Most studies to date have focused on dental and skeletal malocclusion. It currently remains unclear whether such effects are of sufficient magnitude to be detectable on outward facial appearance.

Recognising angiosarcoma presenting as an enlarging ecchymotic plaque.

Cutaneous angiosarcoma (cAS) is a rare malignant neoplasm of vascular endothelial origin with an unfavourable prognosis. Its diagnosis often faces delays due to its manifestation as an inconspicuous 'bruise-like' lesion in an otherwise asymptomatic individual, leading to a generally low index of suspicion for angiosarcoma. Here, we present a case of a man who presented to his general practitioner with an ecchymotic plaque on his forehead, initially thought to be benign.

Exploring the efficacy of laser speckle contrast imaging in the stratified diagnosis of rosacea: a quantitative analysis of facial blood flow dynamics across varied regions.

Background: Rosacea has a high incidence, significantly impacts quality of life, and lacks sufficient diagnostic techniques. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) for measuring facial blood perfusion in patients with rosacea and to identify differences in blood flow among various facial regions associated with different rosacea subtypes.

Methods: From June to December 2023, 45 patients were recruited, with 9 excluded, leaving 36 subjects: 12 with erythematotelangiectatic rosacea (ETR), 12 with papulopustular rosacea (PPR), and 12 healthy controls.

The Effect of Repeated Capillary Refill Tests on the Cutaneous Microcirculation.

Objective: The capillary refill test (CR test) is often used in emergency care, and the capillary refill time (CR time) is used to assess a patient's circulatory condition. The objective of this study was to investigate if repeated CR tests affect CR time.

Methods: Thirteen healthy volunteers had repeated CR tests performed on the sternum, forehead, and fingers.

Juvenile xanthogranuloma manifesting in the forehead: A case report.

A 3 -year-old boy presented with a forehead nodular mass, which was excised and confirmed histologically as Juvenile Xanthogranulomma (JXG). It affects children with a predilection for the head and neck region. A relatively rare, benign, histiocytic proliferative cutaneous disorder with a potential for malignancy.