The role of body composition in neurological and hematologic toxicity in a retrospective analysis of 120 breast cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy: the COMBOTOX study.

Purpose: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) has a well-established role in locally advanced or chemoresponsive breast cancers (BC). Chemotherapic regimens are effective when patients receive the optimal doses. Toxicities are common in overweight/obese patients but may occur also in normal weight counterparts.

Human subjects with impaired beta-cell function and glucose tolerance have higher levels of intra-islet intact GLP-1.

Aims: A number of studies have suggested that pancreatic α cells produce intact GLP-1, thereby constituting a gut-independent paracrine incretin system. However, the debate on whether human α cells contain intact GLP-1 and whether this relates to the presence of diabetes is still ongoing. This study aimed to determine the presence of proglucagon-derived peptides, including GLP-1 isoforms, in pancreas biopsies obtained during partial pancreatectomy from metabolically profiled human donors, stratified according to pre-surgery glucose tolerance.

SADI-S, state of the art. Indications and results in 2024: a systematic review of literature.

Single Anastomosis Duodeno-Ileal Bypass with Sleeve Gastrectomy (SADI-S) was proposed as a simplification of the biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) procedure with duodenal switch (DS) in order to reduce operative time and postoperative complications rate, however, keeping effectiveness in weight loss and in comorbidities' resolution. We performed a systematic review of the literature with the aim of summarizing the current evidence of SADI-S clinical outcomes in order to assess its effectiveness and safety, and a total of 17 studies were included. Short- and mid-term follow-up results were reported, with a mean TWL loss ≥ 25% at 12 months and > 44% after 24 months, comparable to BPD-DS, also in reoperative surgery.

Molecular and cellular determinants of L-Dopa-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson's Disease.

Treatment with L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-Dopa) compensates for decreased striatal dopamine (DA) levels and reduces Parkinson's disease (PD) symptoms. However, during disease progression, L-Dopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) develops virtually in all PD patients, making the control of PD symptoms difficult. Thus, understanding the mechanisms underlying LID and the control of these motor abnormalities is a major issue in the care of PD patients.

Web discussions on cardiovascular diseases: pre-COVID-19 evaluation and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic - Web listening analysis in the Italian population.

Background: Web discussions on health issues are becoming very relevant in the general public. In this context, little information is available regarding cardiovascular diseases, which remain the first cause of morbidity, disability and mortality worldwide. The central objective of the study was to conduct a Web listening analysis on discussions about cardiovascular diseases in Italy, comparing the data relative to the 2-year pre-COVID-19 pandemic period with those collected during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown (March-July 2020), with quantification of conversations on cardiovascular disease and Web-based discussions and specific evaluation of COVID-19 lockdown impact.

Parkinson's disease and posture: evaluation with biometrical holistic of human body device: a pilot study.

Background: Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) commonly develop severe spinal deformity. The etiology of Parkinson's spinal deformity is not completely understood and in most cases is likely due to multiple factors. These include dystonia and focal myopathy.

The international Hip Outcome Tool 12 questionnaire (iHOT-12): an Italian language cross-cultural adaptation and validation.

Background: Patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures are essential for evaluating disease-related quality of life. The International Hip Outcome Tool 12 (iHOT12) assesses various aspects of hip-related symptoms, function, sports participation, and social limitations. This study aimed to adapt and validate an Italian version of the iHOT12 according to COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) guidelines.

Endoscopic Local Excision (ELE) with Knife-Assisted Resection (KAR) Techniques Followed by Adjuvant Radiotherapy and/or Chemotherapy for Invasive (T1bsm2,3/T2) Early Rectal Cancer: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort.

Resected rectal polyps with deep invasion into the submucosa (pT1b-sm2,3) or the muscle layer (pT2) are currently confronted with surgery due to non-curative resection. We evaluated the efficacy, safety, and locoregional control of adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) and/or chemotherapy (CT) following endoscopic KAR (knife-assisted resection) in patients with invasive early rectal cancers who are unwilling or unsuitable for additional surgical resection. Fifty-one patients with early rectal cancers, pT1b or pT2, underwent post-resection adjuvant RT and/or CT in 15 centers worldwide.

Hugo™ Versus daVinci™ Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy: 1-Year Propensity Score-Matched Comparison of Functional and Oncological Outcomes.

: A comprehensive comparison of intraoperative, oncological, and functional outcomes of RARP performed with different robotic surgical platforms is critically needed. Our aim is to compare the oncological and functional outcomes of RARP performed using the novel Hugo™ RAS system with those from the daVinci system, the reference standard, at a high-volume robotic center, with an extended follow-up period (one year). : We analyzed the data of 400 patients undergoing RARP ± pelvic lymph node dissection between 2021 and 2023, using propensity score (PS) matching to correct for treatment selection bias.

Clinical and Radiographic Results in Thoracic Hyperkyphosis Surgical Treatment Considering the Optimal Distal Fusion Area.

The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of patients who underwent posterior correction and fusion for thoracic hyperkyphosis, with a focus on determining the optimal distal fusion level. From 2006 to 2012, 26 patients with a median age of 16.8 years (range 14-25), diagnosed with either idiopathic hyperkyphosis or Scheuermann's kyphosis, underwent posterior fusion and Ponte osteotomies at two medical centers.

High Expression of SMN circ4-2b-3 in SMA I Children Treated with Nusinersen is Associated with Improved Motor Outcomes.

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a neuromuscular disorder resulting in the loss of α-motor neurons. Nusinersen is an antisense oligonucleotide administered intrathecally to SMA patients that corrects the splicing defect of SMN2. Not all SMA patients respond equally to the therapy and work is in progress to identify biomarkers that may help stratify to SMA patients.

Cardiac Surgery and Transcatheter Intervention for Valvular Heart Disease in Carcinoid Syndrome: Risk Factors, Outcomes, and Evolving Therapeutic Strategies.

Carcinoid heart disease (CHD) affects right-sided valves and causes significant mortality and morbidity. Even though the pathophysiology of the disease is not entirely understood, it is known that chronic exposure to high levels of circulating serotonin is the main factor responsible for developing valvular heart disease. Cardiac imaging plays a critical role in the management of CHD, so the final diagnosis can be performed through multimodal imaging techniques and the measurement of biomarkers.

Electrochemotherapy in the Locoregional Treatment of Metastatic Colorectal Liver Metastases: A Systematic Review.

Background: The global incidence of secondary liver cancer is rising due to multiple risk factors, presenting significant challenges in public health. Similarly, colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality with the development of frequent liver metastases. Surgical resection of CRC liver metastases is only suitable for a limited subset of patients, necessitating alternative nonsurgical treatments such as electrochemotherapy (ECT); Methods: This review adhered to the S.

Decrement of choroid vascularization during spontaneous migraine attacks: An optical coherence tomography angiography study.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the microcirculation of the macula, the optic nerve, and the choroid in patients with migraine by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) during spontaneous migraine attacks, comparing the findings with scans performed in the interictal period in the same subjects and healthy controls (HCs).

Methods: In this case-crossover design study, patients diagnosed with migraine who underwent an OCTA during a migraine attack were enrolled. A cohort of HCs was recruited for comparison.

Altered mitochondrial unfolded protein response and protein quality control promote oxidative distress in down syndrome brain.

Down Syndrome (DS) is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21, and leading to various developmental and cognitive defects. A critical feature of DS is the occurrence of oxidative distress particularly in the brain, which exacerbates neurodevelopmental processes. Mitochondria play a crucial role in cell energy metabolism and their impairment is one of the major causes of oxidative distress in several pathologies.

Lower extremity muscle hypertrophy in response to resistance training in older adults: Systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of randomized controlled trials.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of resistance training (RT) on knee extensor muscle hypertrophy in adults 65 years and older.

Methods: A systematic search was carried out in PubMed, Embase, and Scopus to review randomized controlled trials that assessed the effects of supervised RT on 1) muscle size, 2) fiber area, and 3) leg lean mass (LLM). Random-effects meta-analyses of standardized mean difference (SMD) and raw mean difference (RMD) for LLM were calculated.