Dietary Intake of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Is Associated with Blood Glucose and Diabetes in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Objectives: The present study was conducted to examine the cross-sectional associations between the dietary intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and cardiometabolic risk factors in a large sample of Italian community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. Longevity Check-up 8+ (Lookup 8+) is an ongoing project that started in June 2015.

Tolerability and Preliminary Outcomes of Adjuvant T-DM1 in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer After Neoadjuvant Therapy: The ATD Study.

Background/objectives: HER2-positive breast cancer (HER2BC) is an aggressive subtype, with neoadjuvant treatment (NAT) aiming to achieve a pathological complete response (pCR) to improve long-term outcomes. Trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) has been established as the standard of care in the adjuvant setting for HER2BC patients who do not obtain pCR. The ATD study aimed to evaluate the real-world tolerability of T-DM1 in this setting.

Qualitative research on clinical risk perception in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit.

Background: the Pediatric Intensive Care field is characterized by the criticality of newborns and children who access it, as well as by a high complexity of care. This entails the need of an optimal integration between the various professional figures working in Pediatric Intensive Care Units (PICUs) and their ability to work in team.

Purpose: to describe how nurses perceive clinical risk and relate to it; to identify adverse events and related risk factors.

Efficacy of intrapartum bundles and interventions in reducing vaginal delivery-related perineal trauma: a systematic review.

Objective: The aim of this systematic review is to summarize the current evidence on preventive interventions and bundles, including combinations of multiple techniques, aimed at reducing vaginal delivery-related perineal injury.

Methods: A systematic research of literature was independently conducted on different databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE) by the authors, using a combination of the identified keywords and index terms as per current PRISMA guidelines. The research was restricted to papers published in English starting by 2000.

Validation of ACR TI-RADS performance in transition age: results from a multicenter retrospective study by the TALENT study group.

Purpose: Although thyroid nodules are less common in the pediatric population, the risk of malignancy is higher than in adult patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ultrasonographic predictive factors of malignancy in thyroid nodules and to validate American College of Radiologists (ACR) TI-RADS performance in transition age patients.

Methods: One hundred forty-two patients aged between 14 and 21 years referred to the participating centers for FNA biopsy of a thyroid nodule between 2007 and 2022 were included and ultrasound reports and sonographic images were retrospectively analyzed.

Chemoradiation of locally advanced biliary cancer: A PRISMA-compliant systematic review.

Introduction: Biliary tract cancers (BTC) are rare and aggressive neoplasms. The current management of locally advanced or unresectable BTC is primarily based on chemotherapy (CHT) alone, linked to a median overall survival (OS) of approximately 12 months. However, international guidelines still consider concurrent chemoradiation (CRT) as an alternative treatment option.

An evolving machine-learning-based algorithm to early predict response to anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies in patients with migraine.

Background: The present study aimed to determine whether machine-learning (ML)-based models can predict 3-, 6, and 12-month responses to the monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) or its receptor (anti-CGRPmAbs) in patients with migraine using early predictors (up to one month) and to create an evolving prediction tool.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study data from patients with migraine who had received anti-CGRP mAbs for 12 months were collected. Demographic and monthly clinical variables were collected, including monthly headache days (MHDs), days with acute medication use, number of analgesics and Headache Impact Test-6.

How to preserve the native or reconstructed esophagus after perforations or postoperative leaks: A multidisciplinary 15-year experience.

Background: Esophageal perforation or postoperative leak after esophageal surgery remain a life-threatening condition. The optimal management strategy is still unclear.

Aim: To determine clinical outcomes and complications of our 15-year experience in the multidisciplinary management of esophageal perforations and anastomotic leaks.

The role of microbiome in the development of gluten-related disorders.

Gluten-related disorders (GRD) include celiac disease (CD), non celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) and wheat allergy (WA), conditions that are associated with the ingestion of gluten-containing food. Gut microbiota composition and function may be involved in the pathogenesis of GRD. In untreated CD the microbiota is characterized by a reduction in beneficial microbes like Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium and an increase in pathogenic ones such as Bacteroides and E.

Gut microbiota in inflammation and colorectal cancer: A potential Toolbox for Clinicians.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a worldwide public health issue specifically in patients with chronic diseases associated with a western lifestyle, such as metabolic diseases and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Interestingly, both metabolic disorders and IBD are characterized by a chronic state of inflammation that contributes to the carcinogenesis with specific alteration of the gut microbiota composition and function. Evidence now shows that this altered gut microbiota contributes fueling a chronic pro-inflammatory state in a vicious circle that can favor CRC development.

Gut microbiome and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Pathogenic role and potential for therapeutics.

Gut microbiota plays key functions in the human body, and its alteration is associated with several human disorders. Moreover, its manipulation is being investigated as a potential therapeutic strategy. In this narrative review we will dissect the involvement of the gut microbiota and of the gut-liver axis on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).

The microbiome-driven impact of western diet in the development of noncommunicable chronic disorders.

Noncommunicable chronic disorders (NCDs) are multifactorial disorders that share a state of chronic, low-grade inflammation together with an imbalance of gut microbiota. NCDs are becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide, and mainly in Western countries, with a significant impact on global health. Societal changes, together with the widespread diffusion of modern agricultural methods and food processing, have led to a significant shift in dietary habits over the past century, with an increased diffusion of the Western diet (WD).

Effect of alemtuzumab on fatigue, quality of life, and patient/caregiver-reported outcomes in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis-A real-world evidence study.

Background: Alemtuzumab is approved in the European Union for treating highly active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Patient-reported outcomes measure the treatment impact on quality of life (QoL), including fatigue, a common symptom in multiple sclerosis (MS). Chronic diseases like MS also affect the patient's caregiver.

ALOA, a pipeline for preliminary analysis of spatial profiling imaging data.

In the last decade, it has been recognized that tumors do not exist in isolation but interact with surrounding cells, blood vessels, immune cells, and extracellular matrix components. This understanding has shifted the focus from tumor cells alone to the broader context in which they exist, known as tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME is highly heterogeneous, consisting of various cell types, mainly cancer cells, immune cells, and stromal cells.

How Reliable is the Assessment of Fusion Status Following ACDF Using Dynamic Flexion-Extension Radiographs?

Study Design: Reliability study.

Objectives: The radiographic diagnosis of non-union is not standardized. Prior authors have suggested using a cutoff of <1 mm interspinous process motion (ISPM) on flexion-extension radiographs, but the ability of practicing surgeons to make these measurements reliably is not clear.

High tumor mutational burden assessed through next-generation sequencing predicts favorable survival in microsatellite stable metastatic colon cancer patients.

Background: Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a well-established predictive biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) response in metastatic colon cancer. Both high MSI and tumor mutational burden (TMB) are markers of genomic instability. However, the prognostic and predictive value of TMB in patients with microsatellite stable (MSS) tumors remains unclear.

The role of Mediterranean diet in cancer incidence and mortality in the older adults.

The magnitude of benefit of Mediterranean diet in cancer prevention and mortality in older adults is still unclear, therefore we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis. Outcomes considered were cancer incidence and cancer mortality. In studies evaluating cancer incidence as a time-to-event endpoint and adherence as quantiles, HR was 0.