Influences of the second motion probing gradient -value and T2 relaxation time on magnetic resonance diffusion-derived 'vessel density' (DDVD) calculation: the examples of liver, spleen, and liver simple cyst.

Background: Magnetic resonance (MR) diffusion-derived 'vessel density' (DDVD) is calculated according to: DDVD = Sb0/ROI - S/ROI, where S and S refer to the tissue signal when -value is 0 or 2 s/mm. S and ROI can also be approximated by other low -values diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). This study investigates the influence of the second motion probing gradient -value and T2 on DDVD calculations of the liver, spleen, and liver simple cyst.

Absence of Viral Replication Is Associated With Improved Outcome in Anti-HCV-Positive Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background And Aims: Presence of active hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection may influence the outcome of patients treated for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), although this issue has never been adequately assessed in a large series of patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the presence of active HCV affects the survival of patients treated for HCC.

Methods: This study assessed the outcome of 3123 anti-HCV-positive patients with HCC, subdivided according to the presence of active HCV infection or previous sustained virological response (SVR).

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, the role of the susceptibility-weighted imaging sequence in a case of immunosuppression of an initially unknown cause.

We describe the case of a 47-year-old woman who was confused and complained about left-sided weakness when she presented to our institution. The patient underwent a head computed tomography that raised the suspicion of a recent-onset ischemic episode (subacute phase). The patient was admitted to the neurology department and underwent a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with contrast medium administration.

Floating knee: A new prognostic classification.

Introduction: Usually ipsilateral fractures of the femur and tibia are not compatible with good results and require surgery. The unsatisfactory results are more likely due to complex patterns of fractures, compromised soft tissue, associated ligament injuries, and concomitant vital organ injuries. There are many classifications to describe this type of fracture but none of them is a prognostic classification.

Imaging of Body Composition.

Body composition is now recognized to have a major impact on health and disease. Imaging enables its analysis in an objective and quantitative way through diverse techniques such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasonography. This review article first surveys the methodological aspects underpinning the use of these modalities to assess body composition, highlighting their strengths and limitations as well as the set of parameters that they measure and their clinical relevance.

Update on Quantitative Computed Tomography.

Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) has important technical advantages for the measurement of bone mineral density, and the technique is well suited for both the diagnosis of osteoporosis and the monitoring of treatment. Its use deserves a wider application than at present. The use of QCT in both research and in the clinic has recently garnered increasing attention.

Radiofrequency Echographic Multi-Spectrometry in the Diagnosis of Metabolic Bone Disease.

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and bone mineral density (BMD) pose several limitations in some patient categories, such as pregnant women and young people. This review article explores whether the innovative radiofrequency echographic multi-spectrometry (REMS) technology is beneficial for assessing the bone condition of various patient groups. Common consequences in patients with acromegalia, prostate cancer undergoing hormone therapy, osteogenesis imperfecta, anorexia nervosa, and in a peritoneal dialysis setting include decreased BMD and an increased risk of fragility fracture.

Does the procedural deficit hypothesis of dyslexia account for the lack of automatization and the comorbidity among developmental disorders?

We critically examine the procedural deficit hypothesis (PDH) that proposes that a deficit in procedural (as opposed to declarative) learning underlies dyslexia and other developmental disorders. We first note that the existence of dissociated learning disorders (and multiple forms for each disorder) appears incompatible with a general deficit account. Moreover, the PDH formulation appears generally underspecified in terms of predictions to be tested.

A Rare Case of Primary Vulval Amelanotic Melanoma Involving the Urethra.

A 60-year-old woman came to the Emergency Department complaining of a vaginal formation. The urologist suspected a urethral caruncle: the patient was discharged with vaginal oestrogen cream to relieve symptoms and a follow-up was suggested. After two months the patient returned to the Emergency Department since the mass was increasing in volume and complaining of dysuria and haematuria.

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound in renal cystic lesions: an update.

This narrative review aims to describe the current status of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in characterizing renal cystic lesion. The imaging techniques usually performed for their evaluation are ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with different criteria of application based on the individual case and the purpose of the examination. Generally, US, as a non-ionizing examination, is the first imaging modality performed and therefore the one that incidentally detects cystic lesions.

A Rare Case of Lemierre's Syndrome due to Veillonella Parvula: A Dangerous and Forgotten Complication of a Septic Condition.

This clinical case presents an unusual case of Lemierre's syndrome (LS) in a young woman of 38-year-old. She arrived in the Emergency Department with a high fever and pharyngology resistant to antibiotic therapy with clarithromycin, ceftriaxone, and cortisone for two weeks. At the blood sampling, there is a marked leucocytosis, and the advice of the otolaryngologist is required given the strong pain in the throat.

Screening and Surveillance of Colorectal Cancer: A Review of the Literature.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) has the highest mortality rate among men and is the second highest among women under fifty, with incidence and mortality rates rising in younger populations. Studies indicate that up to one-third of patients diagnosed before fifty have a family history or genetic factors, highlighting the need for earlier screening. Contrariwise, diagnosis in healthy subjects through screening strategies enables early-stage detection of the tumor and better clinical outcomes.

Correlation of Posterior Tibial Tendon Ultrasound with Calcaneal Inclination Angle in Indonesian Professional Athletes with Medial Ankle Pain.

Adult-acquired flatfoot deformity (AAFD) is characterized by partial or complete flattening of the longitudinal medial arch, which develops after maturity. AAFD secondary to posterior tibialis tendon dysfunction (PTTD) is one of professional athletes' most common foot and ankle pathologies. Different modalities and procedures can be used to establish the diagnosis of AAFD and PTTD.

DXA beyond bone mineral density and the REMS technique: new insights for current radiologists practice.

Osteoporosis is the most prevalent skeletal disorder, a condition that is associated with significant social and healthcare burden. In the elderly, osteoporosis is commonly associated with sarcopenia, further increasing the risk of fracture. Several imaging techniques are available for a non-invasive evaluation of osteoporosis and sarcopenia.

Update on Rheumatic Diseases in Clinical Practice: Recent Concepts and Developments.

Diagnostic imaging is essential in the diagnostic process of rheumatic diseases. Given the heterogeneity of this group of diseases and the tremendous impact of novel therapeutic options, guidelines and recommendations regarding the optimal choice of the most appropriate technique/s are continuously revised and radiologists should always be up-to-date. Last, because of the continuous technological innovations, we will assist to the progressive application of advanced techniques and tools in rheumatology.

Standardized reporting of spine and sacroiliac joints in axial spondyloarthritis MRI: from the ESSR-Arthritis Subcommittee.

Objectives: Apply a modified Delphi-based approach and produce a practical, radiology-specific set of definitions for interpretation and standardization of the multiple MRI findings in axial spondyloarthritis (ax-SpA), specifically to aid the general radiologist with a musculoskeletal interest, working with gold standard basic MRI protocols.

Materials And Methods: We report the results of a modified Delphi-based consensus of 35 experts from 13 countries in the Arthritis Subcommittee of the European Society of Musculoskeletal Radiology (ESSR). Seventeen definitions were created (i.

Endoscopic Balloon Dilatation of Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis Strictures in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is the treatment of choice for medically refractory inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we assess outcomes and safety of endoscopic balloon dilatation (EBD) for IPAA strictures.

Methods: A systematic search of numerous databases was performed through June 2023 to identify studies reporting on the outcomes of EBD in pouch-related strictures.