107 results match your criteria: "Focal Nonepileptic Abnormalities on EEG"
EEG and semiology in the elderly: A systematic review.
Seizure
September 2024
Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Danish Epilepsy Centre*, Visbys Allé 5, 4293 Dianalund, Denmark; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Aarhus University Hospital*, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 165, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Epileptic seizures are increasingly common in the elderly but often go unreported and undiagnosed, leading to delays in treatment; this review aims to raise awareness and improve diagnosis for this population.
- The study systematically reviews 102 original research studies focusing on EEG findings and seizure characteristics in older adults, categorizing results into four distinct groups.
- Key findings indicate that about half of elderly individuals show EEG abnormalities, with focal onset seizures being the most prevalent, and highlight the complex relationship between epilepsy and dementia in older age.
Epilepsy with eyelid myoclonia in a patient with ATP1A3-related neurologic disorder.
Epileptic Disord
December 2024
Department of Pediatric Epileptology, Functional Neurology and Sleep Disorders, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, University Hospitals of Lyon (HCL), Member of ERN EpiCARE, Lyon, France.
Article Synopsis
- An 11-year-old Polish girl experienced episodes of decreased consciousness, paralysis, movement disorders, slurred speech, swallowing difficulties, and abnormal eye movements, but extensive testing did not identify a clear cause.
- Genetic testing revealed a new mutation in the ATP1A3 gene, which has been associated with various neurological disorders, including epilepsy.
- Video-EEG monitoring confirmed non-epileptic causes of her hemidystonia episodes, but also showed signs of a specific type of epilepsy related to her ATP1A3 mutation, highlighting the overlap of symptoms from different ATP1A3-related syndromes.
Assessment of the diagnostic utility of the electroencephalogram in pediatric emergencies.
Neurologia (Engl Ed)
August 2024
Sección de Neurología, Centro de Medicina del Sueño, Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Madrid, Spain.
Article Synopsis
- This study analyzes the effectiveness of urgent EEGs in diagnosing neurological issues in children under 16 at a medical center in 2022.
- Out of 388 total patients, 70 were children, with various reasons for seeking EEGs, including febrile seizures and suspected epilepsy; over half of the EEGs recorded were normal.
- The findings suggest that a significant portion of the EEGs revealed abnormalities related to epilepsy or seizure disorders, while cases with high suspicion of syncope or paroxysmal disorders showed no EEG issues, indicating the selective utility of EEG in emergency contexts.
Stereo electroencephalography-guided radiofrequency ablation in focal epilepsia partialis continua: illustrative case.
J Neurosurg Case Lessons
July 2024
MILTA, Functional and Epilepsy Neurosurgery, Assuta Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Article Synopsis
- Epilepsia partialis continua (EPC) is a type of focal epilepsy that can present as single or recurrent episodes, causing motor symptoms with varying progressions.
- A case study highlighted the successful diagnosis and treatment of EPC in a 33-year-old woman using various advanced imaging techniques, leading to the identification and targeting of her seizure onset zone.
- After treatment with stereo electroencephalography-guided radiofrequency ablation, the patient's seizures ceased, but she still experienced significant pain, affecting her rehabilitation and mobility one year later.
Epilepsy in inmate patients seen in a high complexity reference hospital in Colombia: A cross-sectional study.
Epilepsia Open
August 2024
School of Medicine Clinical Research Institute, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.
Article Synopsis
- The study focused on the characteristics of imprisoned patients with epilepsy treated at Samaritana University Hospital in Bogotá from January 2017 to November 2020, emphasizing their sociodemographic and clinical profiles.
- A total of 92 patients were included, primarily males aged around 32, with most experiencing focal onset epilepsy and high seizure frequency, often not adequately controlled despite treatment.
- Findings suggest a need for improved healthcare interventions for this vulnerable group, as many had comorbidities, low rates of outpatient follow-up, and challenges with medication adherence.
Diagnostic utility of prolonged ambulatory video-electroencephalography monitoring.
Epilepsy Behav
April 2024
Department of Neuroscience (Level 5, Daly Wing), St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- A large-scale retrospective study in Australia aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ambulatory video-EEG as a diagnostic tool for seizure-related concerns during a period from April 2020 to June 2021.
- Out of 600 reports analyzed, nearly half captured diagnostic events, with significant findings including the prevalence of both epileptic and non-epileptic events, as well as a high rate of missed unreported seizures.
- The study found that recording duration influenced outcomes, with 85% of reports resolving the initial clinical question when at least one diagnostic event was captured.
Aim: To determine clinical, electroencephalographic, therapeutic and evolutive characteristics of a series of oncopediatric patients with acute symptomatic seizures.
Patients And Methods: We performed a retrospective and prospective descriptive analysis of clinical records of oncopediatric children evaluated by neurology at the comprehensive outpatient Center for Hemato-Oncological Patients during 2017-2021. We included children aged one month to 17 years with intracranial and extracranial tumors who presented with acute symptomatic seizure (ASC).
Optimal duration for recording EEG in children and adolescents- a prospective interventional study.
Seizure
February 2024
Clinical Research Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Purpose: This study aimed to determine the proportion of EEG recordings yielding diagnostic findings leading to a change in diagnosis beyond a 20-minute recording window, striking a balance between diagnostic yield and clinical practicability.
Methods: At a tertiary care teaching hospital in North India, 225 subjects aged 1 month to 18 years undergoing outpatient EEG were enrolled. Patients with epileptic encephalopathies, nonepileptic phenomena, and breakthrough seizures in the last 24 hours were excluded.
Prevalence of epileptiform electroencephalographic abnormalities in people without a history of seizures: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Epilepsia
March 2024
Division of Neurology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Article Synopsis
- - Abnormalities identified on EEGs, often used to diagnose epilepsy, can also occur in people without a seizure history, making true prevalence rates unclear; this review aimed to estimate the prevalence of such abnormalities in non-epileptic populations.
- - The systematic review analyzed 53 studies with nearly 74,000 participants, finding an overall prevalence of epileptiform abnormalities at 1.74%, with higher rates observed among children (2.45%) and the elderly (5.96%) compared to adults (0.93%).
- - Although reports of developing epilepsy after detecting EEG abnormalities were rare, follow-up EEGs could reveal a 50% chance of ongoing issues; the study has limitations, such as gender bias
Article Synopsis
- Juvenile idiopathic epilepsy (JIE) in Egyptian Arabian foals is identified through clinical signs and confirmed via electroencephalography (EEG), revealing significant electrical activity during seizures.
- A study involving 69 foals found that 95% of those with JIE showed abnormal EEG patterns, primarily in the central regions of the brain, while some healthy foals displayed minor anomalies.
- The findings suggest that JIE is characterized by focal electrical discharges that can lead to generalized seizures, pinpointing EEG with photic stimulation as a valuable tool for understanding and diagnosing this condition, which may also parallel similar disorders in humans.
Diagnostic Value of Intermittent Photic Stimulation Among Adult Patients in a Tertiary Referral Epilepsy Center: A Retrospective Study.
J Clin Neurophysiol
November 2024
Kork Epilepsy Center, Kehl-Kork, Germany; and.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of photosensitivity during EEG recordings in newly referred adult patients at an Epilepsy Center, despite it being more common in younger populations.
- Researchers reviewed EEGs from 344 adult patients, finding photoparoxysmal responses in only 1.5% of subjects, all of whom were female and had either idiopathic generalized epilepsy or Doose syndrome.
- The findings suggest that while intermittent photic stimulation can trigger typical psychogenic nonepileptic seizures, it is not essential for diagnosing adults with epilepsy, as photosensitivity was rare in this group.
Classifier for the Rapid Simultaneous Determination of Sleep-Wake States and Seizures in Mice.
bioRxiv
April 2023
Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, 1515 Newton Court, Davis, CA 95618, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Researchers have developed an automated classifier, SWISC, that can accurately score sleep-wake states and seizures in mice, achieving over 93% accuracy.
- Traditional manual scoring of EEG in mouse models is challenging due to high variability, necessitating large sample sizes and impractical workloads.
- The classifier utilizes advanced machine-learning techniques, specifically a bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) network, and primarily relies on hippocampal signals, making it effective even without electromyogram data.
Focal tonic seizures with asymmetrical posturing could allow voluntary movements: A lesson to not be misled for a non-epileptic event.
Epileptic Disord
June 2023
Department of Epilepsy, Movement Disorders and Physiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- The report examines the clinical features of supplementary motor area seizures in two patients, both experiencing nocturnal seizures without impaired awareness.
- The first patient is a 13-year-old boy with a history of hand shaking to alleviate seizure stiffness, while the second is a 43-year-old man who involuntarily moved his hand during seizures.
- The findings highlight the importance of recognizing these seizures in conjunction with voluntary movements, which can help differentiate them from non-epileptic events like psychogenic seizures.
Intracranial Pressure Fluctuations Mimicking Seizures in a Patient With Shunt Malfunction.
J Clin Neurophysiol
March 2023
Neurology Division, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Hamot Hospital, Erie, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.
Article Synopsis
- - The case discusses a 20-year-old woman experiencing multiple daily episodes that could be mistaken for seizures due to their similar patterns and EEG findings, despite anti-seizure medication failing to help.
- - She presented symptoms like headaches, drowsiness, and decreased responsiveness, leading to the discovery of an intracranial pressure (ICP) issue rather than epilepsy.
- - After imaging revealed a malfunctioning shunt, correcting this issue resulted in the complete resolution of her symptoms, highlighting the importance of considering shunt problems in cases of paroxysmal episodes linked to ICP changes.
Structural Changes in Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging Associated With Psychogenic Non-epileptic Seizures: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study.
Cureus
December 2022
Department of Internal Medicine, Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad, PAK.
Background Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) are often seen as indicators of poor motor and sensory function caused by psychological responses to stressful experiences. A seizure might trigger these reactions. The aim of our study was to assess the structural changes in brain MRI associated with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpileptic seizures and Epilepsy Monitoring Unit admission disclose latent cardiac electrical instability.
Epilepsy Behav
October 2022
Departments of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC), Boston, MA, United States.
Background: Sudden cardiac arrest results from cardiac electrical instability and is 3-fold more frequent in patients with chronic epilepsy than in the general population. We hypothesized that focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures (FTBTCS) would acutely impact T-wave alternans (TWA), a marker of cardiac electrical instability linked to an elevated risk for sudden cardiac death, more than focal seizures (FS) [focal aware seizures (FAS) and focal with impaired awareness seizures (FIAS)], due to their greater sympathetic stimulation of the heart. Since stress has been shown to cause significant TWA elevations in patients with heart disease, we also hypothesized that the early days of an inpatient admission to an epilepsy monitoring unit (EMU) would be associated with higher TWA levels compared to later hospital days in patients with chronic epilepsy, presumably due to stress.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcute stroke-like deficits associated with nonketotic hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state: an illustrative case and systematic review of literature.
Neurol Sci
August 2022
Department of Neuroscience, Neurology Unit, S. Maria Delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Viale Vincenzo Randi 5, 48121, Ravenna, Italy.
Article Synopsis
- - Nonketotic hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (NKHHS) can lead to various neurological issues, including symptoms resembling a stroke, but the exact causes and clinical features are still unclear.
- - A review of 18 cases showed that hemianopia was the most common symptom, and it was more frequently seen in older patients with higher glucose levels, with brain MRIs indicating significant abnormalities in nearly three-quarters of cases.
- - The study suggests that the acute neurological deficits are primarily due to metabolic neuronal dysfunction, and while many patients recover quickly with proper treatment, timely diagnosis is essential to prevent lasting damage.
Non-convulsive febrile status epilepticus mimicking a postictal state after a febrile seizure: an ictal electroclinical and evolutive study.
Epileptic Disord
April 2022
U.O.C. di Neuropsichiatria Infantile, Dipartimento ad Attività Integrata Materno Infantile - AOUI di Verona, Verona, Italy, Centro Ricerca per le Epilessie in età Pediatrica (CREP), Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Verona, Verona, Italy, Child Neuropsychiatry, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Article Synopsis
- Febrile status epilepticus (SE) can develop from febrile seizures in about 5% of cases, but identifying it can be difficult, particularly when there are no clear motor symptoms.
- In a study of 18 children who experienced non-convulsive febrile status epilepticus (NCFSE) after a febrile seizure, common characteristics included altered awareness, abnormal posturing, and certain EEG patterns observed shortly after the seizure.
- Most children showed normal development and EEG results after treatment, although some had learning disabilities, and a few experienced relapses of NCFSE without progressing to afebrile seizures.
Utility of Routine EEG in Emergency Department and Inpatient Service.
Neurol Clin Pract
October 2021
Hospital Universitario Mayor Méderi (JHRQ), Fundación Cardioinfantil (JHRQ, SJB, JLZ-M) and Neuroscience Research Group (NeURos) (JHRQ, MFR, AV-v-M), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud-Universidad del Rosario (MFR), Bogotá, Colombia.
Article Synopsis
- * Among patients with seizures, EEGs showed abnormal results in 25.8% overall, and 47.5% in those with predisposed conditions, with generalized slowing being the most common alteration.
- * The results indicated that EEGs were useful in 76.7% of cases, significantly aiding changes in clinical management and antiepileptic drug treatments, regardless of normal brain imaging results.
Mechanistic Analysis of Micro-Neurocircuits Underlying the Epileptogenic Zone in Focal Cortical Dysplasia Patients.
Cereb Cortex
May 2022
Center of Epilepsy, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
Article Synopsis
- * Using techniques like whole-cell patch-clamping and immunohistochemistry on brain samples from FCD and mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) patients, we recorded neuronal activity and characteristics to compare various types of neurons.
- * The findings showed that interneurons in the SOZ displayed abnormal functions and heightened excitability, leading to a synchronized neuronal activity pattern, which may shed light on how FCD contributes to the development of epilepsy.
Objective interictal electrophysiology biomarkers optimize prediction of epilepsy surgery outcome.
Brain Commun
March 2021
Department of Paediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Centre, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
Article Synopsis
- * The study analyzed data from 135 patients using various toolboxes to measure high-frequency oscillations and phase-amplitude coupling in EEG readings to evaluate surgical outcomes.
- * Findings revealed that incorporating these unique biomarkers could enhance the accuracy of existing models predicting post-operative seizure control by comparing abnormal activity between resected and preserved brain tissue.
Evaluation of patients with epileptiform activities in the posterior temporal-parietal-occipital regions.
Neurol Sci
November 2021
School of Medicine, Neurology Department, Cerrahpasa University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to analyze the types, causes, and rates of epilepsy in patients with abnormal brain activity located in the posterior cerebral region, as well as cognitive and behavioral issues linked to these abnormalities.
- A sample of 346 patients, aged 1 to 21, was evaluated from a larger group of 3,500 who underwent EEG testing, revealing a significant number of patients had histories of seizures or other non-epileptic conditions.
- Results indicated that most patients showed isolated epileptiform activity in the posterior TPO region, suggesting a need for further research on the connections between localized brain activity and various clinical conditions.
Focal bilateral motor seizures precipitated by abrupt cessation of chronic lormetazepam abuse and amitriptyline overdose.
Epilepsy Behav Rep
July 2020
Neurology and Stroke Unit, San Francesco Hospital, Nuoro, Italy.
Article Synopsis
- - An adult psychiatric patient experienced new focal bilateral motor seizures after abruptly stopping chronic lormetazepam use and overdosing on amitriptyline, despite not showing typical symptoms of amitriptyline intoxication.
- - Video-EEG recordings showed a specific pattern of motor activity, but the EEG remained normal, which raised the possibility of nonepileptic seizures due to the patient's psychiatric history and preserved awareness during convulsions.
- - The case highlights the complexity of diagnosing focal bilateral motor seizures during benzodiazepine withdrawal, especially when they can resemble nonepileptic seizures in patients with mental health issues.
Infants routine video electroencephalogram findings in a Saudi tertiary hospital.
Neurosciences (Riyadh)
October 2020
National Neuroscience Institute, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail:
Objective: To report the existence and describe the non-epileptic abnormalities, interictal epileptiform discharges, and seizures in routine electroencephalograms (EEGs) of infants in a tertiary hospital out-patient neurophysiology clinics.
Methods: This is a non-interventional, retrospective descriptive study that involved the review of 172 infants` EEGs conducted from July 2018 to June 2019 in King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Results: Total of 172 EEGs were reviewed; 152 routine EEGs for infants and 20 neonatal EEGs.
True abdominal epilepsy is clonic jerking of the abdominal musculature.
Epileptic Disord
October 2020
Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
Abdominal epilepsy (AE) has long been reported as a rare phenomenon in children with various episodic gastrointestinal sensory and painful symptoms suspected to be due to epileptic seizures. Originally, AE was diagnosed when abdominal sensory or painful symptoms were associated with pain, temporal lobe origin, an epileptiform or paroxysmal EEG pattern, and a clinical response to antiseizure medication. AE has also been associated with non-epileptic etiologies such as migraine.
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