The Role of Empiric Antifungal Therapy in Patients With Perforated Peptic Ulcer: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Fungal growth is common in intraoperative cultures of patients with perforated peptic ulcer (PPU) leading to the common use of empiric antifungal therapy, with current evidence not clearly supporting this practice. The goal of this updated systematic review and meta-analysis was to synthesize the effect of empiric antifungals in patients with PPU. Eligible studies were identified through a comprehensive literature search in the MEDLINE (PubMed) and EMBASE databases, following the PRISMA 2020 statement.

Heavy menstrual bleeding in adolescents: Evaluation of diagnostic indicators and treatment preferences.

Objective: Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is a significant health concern that may lead to critical medical care and impaired quality of life. The aim of the present study was to identify the clinical indicators of common causes of HMB in adolescents and evaluate the factors influencing the treatment preferences of clinicians.

Methods: Between 2010 and 2022, the electronic medical records of adolescents between the ages of 10-18 with HMB were reviewed, and a final of 205 adolescents was included.

Case Report of Meconium Peritonitis: A Rare Cause of Non-immune Hydrops Fetalis.

Meconium peritonitis (MP) as a cause of non-immune hydrops in neonates is rarely reported. We present a case of a 35-week gestational-age male neonate diagnosed with hydrops secondary to MP. Antenatal scan at 34 weeks and five days revealed features of fetal hydrops, and the prenatal workup did not reveal the etiology.

The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Children.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of bronchiolitis in infants and young children. Bronchiolitis, an acute inflammation of the lower respiratory tract, can lead to pneumonia, respiratory failure, and death. We aimed to compare the incidence and severity of RSV infection in children aged 0-60 months before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Link between irritable bowel syndrome, depression, and colorectal cancer risk in young patients: Age-matched nationwide population-based study.

Background: There exists a link between irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and depression. Similarly, chronic depression is known to increase the risk of cancer in general. In this population-based analysis, we investigated the prevalence and the odds of colorectal cancer (CRC) in young-depressed patients with IBS.

Direct Visualization of a Cesarean Scar Ectopic Pregnancy After Medical Management.

BACKGROUND Cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy is a rare type of ectopic pregnancy that can result in severe maternal morbidity and mortality. Medical, surgical, and minimally invasive therapies alone or in combination have been described in the literature, but the optimal treatment modality of cesarean scar ectopic pregnancies is unknown. Limited information exists on the course of cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy following treatment with cytotoxic agents.

Cecal bascule presenting as internal hernia.

Cecal bascule, a rare subtype of cecal volvulus, presents diagnostic and management challenges. We report a case of cecal bascule presenting as an internal hernia in a 68-year-old male with no surgical history. Computed tomography revealed two areas of mesenteric swirling and a displaced cecum.

SLE and multiple myeloma: an underlooked link? A review of case reports from the last decade.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) affects multiple organ systems, and there has recently been increasing evidence that suggests a considerable rise in cancer risk. Despite growing evidence, the relationship between SLE and multiple myeloma (MM) remains underlooked. This review synthesizes findings from case reports published between 2012 and 2023 to explore this relationship.

Omental infarction following robotic-assisted laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair.

Omental infarction (OI) is a rare condition with an overall incidence of less than 0.3%. It can occur spontaneously or can be secondary to trauma, surgery, and inflammation.

Paediatricians' perspectives in treating lower urinary tract symptoms: a qualitative exploratory needs assessment study.

Background: Paediatric lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are common experiences among school-aged children, with prevalence rates reaching as high as 20%. Paediatricians are often first-line stakeholders in providing treatment for these bothersome symptoms, yet there is no formal resource to support them with the treatment of LUTS. Evaluating paediatricians' experiences is an important step in informing health promotion efforts to improve health outcomes in children.

Rosai-Dorfman Disease, Presenting as a Right Atrial Mass with Involvement of the Tricuspid Valve in a 54-Year-Old Woman.

BACKGROUND Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML), Rosai-Dorfman disease, or Rosai-Dorfman-Destombes disease (RDD), is a rare non-Langerhans cell of unknown etiology. This report is of a case of isolated SHML, or Rosai-Dorfman disease, presenting as a right atrial mass with involvement of the tricuspid valve in a 54-year-old woman. This case shows the challenges of diagnosing this condition in the heart and the challenges of treating this rare disease with the limited information on the efficacy of the treatment modalities.

Prevalence of pediatric lower urinary tract symptoms in a national claims database of privately insured patients, 2003-2014.

Background: We conducted this study to estimate the prevalence of pediatric lower urinary tract symptoms (pLUTS) in a US privately insured pediatric population who are 6-20 years old by age, sex, race/ethnicity from 2003-2014. This has not been previously described in the literature.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed Optum's de-identified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database between 2003-2014.

Anastomotic Leak and Perioperative Outcomes of Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

: The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic influenced the healthcare system tremendously, as well as the number of elective surgical procedures worldwide. The aim of this study is to investigate the COVID-19 pandemic's impact on esophagectomies. : The MEDLINE (via PubMed), Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar bibliographical databases were systematically searched.

Painful Anal Ulcers in an HIV-Negative Young Woman: An Atypical Presentation of Syphilis.

Anorectal syphilis is relatively uncommon and diagnostically challenging given the wide differential diagnosis for anal lesions. Risk factors, such as men who have sex with men or HIV-positive status, are especially important to elicit from patients during the clinical history. In this report, we present a rare case of painful anal syphilis diagnosed in an HIV-negative woman by tissue biopsy

Comparison of Pediatric Acute Appendicitis Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic in New York City.

Acute appendicitis (AA) is the most common abdominal surgical emergency in children and adolescents. In the year immediately following the declaration of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO), there was a precipitous decline in emergency department (ED) visits especially for surgical conditions and infectious diseases. Fear of exposure to severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 infection resulted in delay in presentation and time to surgery, and a shift toward more conservative management.

Lithium-Induced Hypercalcemia Presenting as Catatonia in a Patient With Schizoaffective Disorder.

Catatonia, a relatively rare and less explored consequence of lithium-induced hypercalcemia, represents a notable yet understudied side effect. Lithium is utilized in the management of acute mania and as a maintenance therapy for bipolar disorder. However, the specific catatonic presentation resulting from hypercalcemia remains poorly understood.

Corrigendum: Association of parent-child interactions with parental psychological distress and resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.

Acute Babesiosis Causing a False-Positive HIV Result: An Unexpected Association.

Babesiosis is a tick-borne condition that causes hemolytic anemia and manifests with flu-like symptoms such as fevers, chills, fatigue, and anorexia. Very few case reports have documented babesiosis infection associated with a false-positive HIV test. In this case report, we add to the current literature by describing a patient admitted for treatment of babesiosis who had a preliminary positive HIV test on admission and a negative repeat HIV test after one week of treatment for babesiosis.

Cardiac Arrest as the Initial Presentation of Undiagnosed Kawasaki Disease: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Kawasaki Disease (KD) is a self-limited acute vasculitis that mainly affects medium-sized arteries in childhood, with the coronary arteries being one of the main targets. A well-known complication is a coronary aneurysm with myocardial ischemia. We report the case of a 29-year-old female with an insignificant past medical history who presented with sudden cardiac arrest.

Utilization and safety of telemedicine for pediatric lower urinary tract symptoms before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objectives: Telemedicine for pediatric lower urinary tract symptoms (pLUTS) is a relatively new mode of delivering bladder health education with scant evidence supporting current practice. We aim to examine the safety of pLUTS-related telemedicine visits surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of new pLUTS referral diagnoses to our institution's pediatric urology clinics.

Cardiac Sarcoidosis Presented With Hiccups: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disorder of unknown etiology commonly associated with hilar lymphadenopathy and granulomas. Cardiac involvement is less common; however, sarcoidosis is a known cause of restrictive cardiomyopathy. It typically presents as new-onset arrhythmias or heart failure, although cases of sudden cardiac death have been reported.

Association of parent-child interactions with parental psychological distress and resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction: The effects of psychological distress/resilience on parent-child engagement (e.g., family dinners, reading) during the COVID-19 pandemic have not been well studied.