Effects of nanocapsules containing lumefantrine and artemether in an experimental model of cerebral malaria.

Background: Malaria, a tropical neglected disease, imposes a significant burden on global health, leading to the loss of thousands of lives annually. Its gold standard treatment is a combination therapy of lumefantrine (LUM) and artemether (ART). Nanotechnology holds significant potential for improving drug bioavailability and potency while reducing adverse effects.

Petrographic and Petrophysical Characterization of Sandstones from Rio Bonito Formation, Paraná Basin (Southern Brazil).

This study focuses on the laboratory-scale petrophysical characterization of sandstones from the Rio Bonito Formation (Lower Permian), Paraná Basin, carried out from drill core samples from well PN-14-SC.02 obtained by CPRM-Brazilian Geological Service in the 1980s on the eastern edge of the Basin. This study includes integrating experimental data from routine petrophysics, sedimentary petrography, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) obtained from 6 samples arranged in the normal direction of the stratification, present between 40 and 200 m deep.

Proposal for a new classification of intrauterine adhesions by sites.

The authors propose a new classification of intrauterine adhesions (IUAs) to facilitate understanding for both the gynecologist and the patient, documenting the location and characteristics of the adhesions in a single image. This tool significantly improves surgical planning and patient outcomes in the treatment of intrauterine adhesions. In addition, having a simple and consistent method of describing IUAs will facilitate longitudinal studies tracking the outcomes of various surgical techniques, adhesion barriers and the impact of hormonal treatment.

Excess Mortality and its Determinants During the COVID-19 Pandemic in 21 Countries: An Ecological Study from the C-MOR Project, 2020 and 2021.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic overwhelmed health systems, resulting in a surge in excess deaths. This study clustered countries based on excess mortality to understand their response to the pandemic and the influence of various factors on excess mortality within each cluster.

Materials And Methods: This ecological study is part of the COVID-19 MORtality (C-MOR) Consortium.

Investigating the Biological Efficacy of Albumin-Enriched Platelet-Rich Fibrin (Alb-PRF): A Study on Cytokine Dynamics and Osteoblast Behavior.

The development of effective biomaterials for tissue regeneration has led to the exploration of blood derivatives such as leucocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF). A novel variant, Albumin-Enriched Platelet-Rich Fibrin (Alb-PRF), has been introduced to improve structural stability and bioactivity, making it a promising candidate for bone regeneration. This study aimed to evaluate Alb-PRF's capacity for cytokine and growth factor release, along with its effects on the proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization of human osteoblasts in vitro.

Impact of Genetic Testing on the Diagnosis, Management, and Prognosis of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Systematic Review.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a hereditary cardiovascular condition marked by heart muscle thickening, fibrosis, and myocardial disorders. It is often inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. Symptoms include dyspnea, fatigue, palpitations, dizziness, syncope, and an increased risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD).

Heart-lung crosstalk in acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is initiated by a primary insult that triggers a cascade of pathological events, including damage to lung epithelial and endothelial cells, extracellular matrix disruption, activation of immune cells, and the release of pro-inflammatory mediators. These events lead to increased alveolar-capillary barrier permeability, resulting in interstitial/alveolar edema, collapse, and subsequent hypoxia and hypercapnia. ARDS not only affects the lungs but also significantly impacts the cardiovascular system.

Cognitive, behavioral, neuroimaging and inflammatory biomarkers after hospitalization for covid-19 in Brazil.

Post-COVID-19 Condition (PCC) refers to a multisystemic syndrome that persists for months after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Cognitive deficits, fatigue, depression, and anxiety are common manifestations of the condition, but the underlying mechanisms driving these long-lasting neuropsychiatric features are still unclear. We conducted a prospective multi-method investigation of post-hospitalization COVID-19 patients in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Altered galectin-3 distribution and migratory function in the pre-diabetic non-obese diabetic mouse thymus.

Galectin-3 is an endogenous lectin which binds mainly to β-galactosides on the cell surface and extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoproteins. In the thymus, this lectin is constitutively expressed, being involved in thymocyte adhesion, migration, and death. Galectin-3 has been related to type 1 diabetes, an autoimmune disease characterized by pancreatic β-cell destruction mediated by autoreactive T lymphocytes.

Media Representation of Scientists in Jornal Nacional: Reaffirmation of Stereotypes During the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, scientific authorities were routinely consulted by mainstream media outlets through interviews, statements and/or supporting images. In this framework, our goal in this study was to analyze the media representation of scientists in Brazil during the first year of this global public health crisis. To this end, we applied a research protocol and, using statistical techniques, quantitatively analyzed newscasts on the country's main TV news program, Jornal Nacional.

Perceptions of primary health care professionals from Brazil about the food and nutrition monitoring system.

The main factors related to the lack of coverage in Health Information Systems are concentrated in the scarce and incipient training of health professionals regarding the collection and typing of data, as well as the importance of using information. The aim of this study was to analyze the perceptions of primary health care professionals from Brazil about the functioning of the Food and Nutritional Monitoring System (SISVAN). Multicentric qualitative study, carried out with 38 health professionals in Basic Health Units (BHU) in five regions around the country.

Effects of Propolis Supplementation on Gut Microbiota and Uremic Toxin Profiles of Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis.

Propolis possesses many bioactive compounds that could modulate the gut microbiota and reduce the production of uremic toxins in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing hemodialysis (HD). This clinical trial aimed to evaluate the effects of propolis on the gut microbiota profile and uremic toxin plasma levels in HD patients. These are secondary analyses from a previous double-blind, randomized clinical study, with 42 patients divided into two groups: the placebo and propolis group received 400 mg of green propolis extract/day for eight weeks.

An overview of the potential of select edible Amazonian fruits and their applications in dairy products.

Background: The Amazon forest produces a variety of fruits with strong biotechnological potential. However, their use in dairy products is restricted.

Scope And Approach: This work aims to carry out a bibliographic survey on the technological applications of select edible Amazonian fruits and their residues in the elaboration and quality of dairy products.

Interaction between polymorphisms in TNF-⍺ and RANKL genes is associated with the development of persistent apical periodontitis, in Brazilian subjects.

Objectives: To investigate the association between genetic polymorphisms in suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS-1), tumor necrosis factor-⍺ (TNF-α) and its receptors 1 and 2 (TNFRSF1A and TNFRSF1B), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-b (RANK), receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG), and persistent apical periodontitis (PAP).

Methods: Patients with pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis at the time of non-surgical root canal treatment were followed up for at least one year. A total of 423 subjects were included, 172 with signs/symptoms of PAP and 251 with apical periodontitis healed.

Autogenous platelet concentrates for treatment of intrabony defects-A systematic review with meta-analysis.

To provide an overview of the use of autogenous platelet concentrates (APCs) in periodontal regeneration and to conduct a systematic review (SR) of the treatment outcomes of periodontal intrabony defects by using platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) compared with other commonly utilized modalities. The eligibility criteria comprised randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the clinical outcomes of PRF with that of other modalities. Studies were classified into 21 categories and into five different groups as follows: Group I (1) open flap debridement (OFD) alone versus OFD/PRF, (2) OFD versus Titanium-PRF (T-PRF) Group II, (3) Comparative PRF protocols (PRF vs.

Towards malaria elimination: a case-control study to assess associated factors to malaria relapses in the extra-Amazon Region of Brazil from 2008 to 2019.

Background: Malaria is an infectious disease caused by the Plasmodium species and is a global burden. When not treated correctly, it can reemerge as a relapse or recrudescence. Malaria relapse cases can contribute to maintaining active transmission chains and can influence the patient to develop severe malaria, potentially leading to hospitalization or death.

Investigation of genetic polymorphisms in genes encoding growth factors and dental pulp calcification in orthodontic patients.

Background And Objectives: Pulp calcification is associated with many factors and triggers, including individual genetic predisposition and orthodontic forces. This study aimed to investigate whether genetic polymorphisms in are associated with a risk of dental pulp calcifications in orthodontic patients.

Materials And Methods: Digital orthopantomography (OPG) and genomic DNA from 132 patients were analyzed in this cross-sectional study.

A Review and Bibliometric Analysis of Studies on Advances in Peripheral Nerve Regeneration.

Peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) pose significant clinical challenges due to their complex healing processes and the often incomplete functional recovery. This review and bibliometric analysis aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of advancements in peripheral nerve regeneration research, focusing on trends, influential studies, and emerging areas. By analyzing 2921 publications from the Web of Science Core Collection, key themes such as nerve regeneration, repair, and the critical role of Schwann cells were identified.

The effect of botulinum toxin in the masticatory and constrictor musculature of the pharynx as an option in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea: a case report.

The botulinum toxin (BT) is US Food and Drug Administration-approved for therapeutic applications in different medical conditions. However, BT is not considered an obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) therapy. OSA is characterized by recurrent airway collapse during sleep, leading to intermittent hypoxia, hypercapnia, and arousal.

Bacterial and Symbiodiniaceae communities' variation in corals with distinct traits and geographical distribution.

Coral microbiomes play crucial roles in holobiont homeostasis and adaptation. The host's ability to populate broad ecological niches and to cope with environmental changes seems to be related to the flexibility of the coral microbiome. By means of high-throughput DNA sequencing we characterized simultaneously both bacterial (16S rRNA) and Symbiodiniaceae (ITS2) communities of four reef-building coral species (Mussismilia braziliensis, Mussismilia harttii, Montastraea cavernosa, and Favia gravida) that differ in geographic distribution and niche specificity.

Overexpression of Osteopontin-a and Osteopontin-c Splice Variants Are Worse Prognostic Features in Colorectal Cancer.

: Osteopontin (OPN) is a glycoprotein involved in various physiological and pathological processes, and its aberrant expression in cancer cells is closely linked to tumor progression. In colorectal cancer (CRC), OPN is overexpressed, but the roles of its splice variants (OPN-SVs), OPNa, OPNb, and OPNc, are not well understood. This study aimed to characterize the expression patterns of OPN-SVs and their potential diagnostic and prognostic implications in CRC using transcriptomic data deposited in TSVdb and TCGA.

Tools, Technologies and Frameworks for Digital Twins in the Oil and Gas Industry: An In-Depth Analysis.

The digital twin (DT), which involves creating a virtual replica of a physical asset or system, has emerged as a transformative set of tools across various industries. In the oil and gas (O&G) industry, the development of DTs represents a significant evolution in how companies manage complex operations, enhance safety, and optimize decision-making processes. Despite these significant advancements, the underlying tools, technologies, and frameworks for developing DTs in O&G applications remain non-standardized and unfamiliar to many O&G practitioners, highlighting the need for a systematic literature review (SLR) on the topic.