A meta-analysis of the weight of advice in decision-making.

The degree to which people take advice, and the factors that influence advice-taking, are of broad interest to laypersons, professionals, and policy-makers. This meta-analysis on 346 effect sizes from 129 independent datasets ( = 17, 296) assessed the weight of advice in the judge-advisor system paradigm, as well as the influence of sample and task characteristics. Information about the advisor(s) that is suggestive of advice quality was the only unique predictor of the overall pooled weight of advice.

A Single-Center Retrospective Study on the Clinical Outcomes of TightRope Fixation Versus Syndesmotic Screw Fixation in the Management of Acute Traumatic Ankle Syndesmotic Injuries.

Background Ankle fractures are one of the most common presentations in orthopaedic surgery and represent the third most frequent musculoskeletal injury in the elderly population. Syndesmotic injuries can be associated with ankle fractures, and surgical intervention is critical in these injuries to restore stability and prevent long-term disability. Traditionally, syndesmotic screw fixation has been the standard treatment for acute traumatic syndesmotic injuries, but controversies regarding this fixation method remain.

Development of a web-based tool to assess daily rating of perceived exertion in agility dogs.

Objective: To develop a web-based tool for daily use by agility handlers to log rating of perceived exertion (RPE) for dogs as an aid in quantifying daily exercise and training load and to improve training and conditioning strategies.

Procedures: Focus group meetings with small groups of handlers were conducted via internet-based video conferencing using a semi-structured interview format. Meeting notes were coded for reflexive thematic analysis.

Climate displaces deposition as dominant driver of dissolved organic carbon concentrations in historically acidified lakes.

Unlabelled: Climate and atmospheric deposition interact with watershed properties to drive dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in lakes. Because drivers of DOC concentration are inter-related and interact, it is challenging to assign a single dominant driver to changes in lake DOC concentration across spatiotemporal scales. Leveraging forty years of data across sixteen lakes, we used structural equation modeling to show that the impact of climate, as moderated by watershed characteristics, has become more dominant in recent decades, superseding the influence of sulfate deposition that was observed in the 1980s.

Examination of MGMT as a risk gene for dementia in the Amish.

Introduction: Recently, the O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) locus was proposed as influencing the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in women who did not carry the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele. We examined an Amish founder population for any influence of genetic variation in and around the MGMT locus on the risk for dementia.

Methods: Genetic association was performed for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) surrounding the MGMT locus.

Experimental and computational investigations of RNA duplexes containing N7-regioisomers of adenosine and LNA-adenosine.

Although glycosidic bonds in purines typically involve the N9 position, the chemical synthesis of adenosine produces N7-ribofuranosyladenine (7A) as a kinetically favorable ribosylation product. Similarly, in the synthesis of LNA-adenosine (AL), a minor product, N7-LNA-adenosine (7AL), is observed. While extensive research has focused on investigating the properties of N9-regioisomers of adenosine, 7A has been largely overlooked and considered as a side-product.

Item Response Theory Analysis and Differential Item Functioning of the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale.

This study examined the item- and scale-level functioning of the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS) as well as differential functioning by gender using an item response theory (IRT) analysis. SAAS data collected from 840 college students were analyzed. A graded response model was used to analyze the 16 items comprising the SAAS.

Performance of study partner reports in a non-demented at-risk sample.

Introduction: The Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) Scale is a gold standard for staging impairment in Alzheimer's disease and other dementias (ADRD). The Quick Dementia Rating System (QDRS) offers similar results in 3 to 5 minutes without a trained clinician. This study aimed to (1) investigate concordance between comparably derived QDRS and CDR global scores, (2) examine item-level QDRS/CDR agreement, and (3) compare sample characteristics and cognitive performance across QDRS/CDR global concordant/discordant groups.

Differences in baseline cognitive performance between participants with early-onset and late-onset Alzheimer's disease: Comparison of LEADS and ADNI.

Introduction: Early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) and late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) share similar amyloid etiology, but evidence from smaller-scale studies suggests that they manifest differently clinically. Current analyses sought to contrast the cognitive profiles of EOAD and LOAD.

Methods: Z-score cognitive-domain composites for 311 amyloid-positive sporadic EOAD and 314 amyloid-positive LOAD participants were calculated from baseline data from age-appropriate control cohorts.

A Randomized Clinical Trial of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program Among Breast Cancer Survivors Post-Treatment: Evaluating Mediators of Cognitive Improvement.

Unlabelled: The Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction program for breast cancer survivors (MBSR [BCs]) is a stress-reducing program designed to increase cognitive functioning through four meditational practices. This randomized clinical trial aimed to determine if improvements in cognitive functioning and perceived cognitive abilities achieved from the MBSR(BC) were mediated through increased mindfulness, decreased rumination, and decreased perceived stress. Breast cancer survivors (BCSs) who met inclusion criteria of stage I, II, or III BC and received either chemotherapy (CT) or both CT and radiation were randomized to either the 6-week MBSR(BC), or Breast Cancer Education Support (BCES) program, or to a usual care (UC) regimen.

How do we engage with the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender community in blood donation and research? Reflections from the Assessing Donor Variability and New Concepts in Eligibility study.

Background: The Assessing Donor Variability and New Concepts in Eligibility (ADVANCE) study was a multicenter cross-organizational collaboration to collect data to inform possible changes in blood donor selection criteria for men who have sex with men. Multiple recruitment approaches were used, and these may be applicable to current efforts in LGBTQ+ community engagement to recruit new blood donors.

Methods: Fieldwork for ADVANCE was a partnership between blood collection organizations (BCOs) and LGBTQ+ community organizations.

A Critical Need for Advanced Practice Nurse Education in Sub-Saharan Africa and Lessons Learned From the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Discursive Review.

Aim: To discuss the need to expand advanced practice nurse education in Sub-Saharan Africa as a strategic response to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design: Discursive paper.

Method: Searching international literature in PubMed, CINAHL and Google Scholar databases, we explored the impact of COVID-19 in Sub-Saharan Africa and the advanced practice nurse role and education in the pandemic response.

The Family Anesthesia Experience (FAX): Implementing a Social Support-Focused Wellness Programme Across Multiple Residency Programmes.

Introduction: Lack of social support negatively impacts medical trainees' wellness. Programmes to educate medical trainees and their support persons (SPs) have been developed to improve resident wellness, but implementation of these programmes at other institutions remains unclear. We aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of implementing the Family Anesthesia Experience (FAX) programme across multiple institutions and to assess the programme's utility.

Association between insurance status and prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in patients with diabetes in the United States from 2011 to 2020.

Aim: To determine whether an association exists between health insurance and diabetic retinopathy (DR) prevalence in adults with diabetes.

Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted utilizing the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database. 4530 Patients aged ≥ 18 with diabetes from 2011 to 2020 with various insurance types (no insurance, private, Medicare, Medicaid, or other) were evaluated for prevalence of DR, including covariates.

Food labelling and Chinese consumer preference for naturalness - A new way to differentiate grass-fed dairy products.

Due to the lack of recognized differentiation for grass-fed dairy products, producers of quality products have failed to capture consumer premium. This study investigates Chinese consumers' preference for the naturalness attributes of grass-fed dairy products as potential criteria for product differentiation of grass-fed milk. We examine how grazing conditions (e.

Results of a multinational survey on the diagnostic and management practices of catheter-related arterial thrombosis in children and neonates: communication from the ISTH SSC Subcommittee on Pediatric and Neonatal Thrombosis and Hemostasis.

Background: Arterial thrombosis is increasingly recognized in children and is most commonly related to the presence of an arterial catheter. Diagnosis and treatment of arterial thrombosis in children varies widely and consists of commonly available anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs. No evidence-based guidelines exist for management strategies of catheter related arterial thrombosis (CAT).

The impact of APOE4 on neurological symptoms after exposure to K. brevis neurotoxin.

Introduction: The harmful alga Karenia brevis (K. brevis) releases brevetoxins (PbTx) that cause respiratory and neurological symptoms. The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele has been linked to poor neurological outcomes after exposure to environmental toxicants.

Effect of respiration and exercise on seismocardiographic signals.

Background: Seismocardiographic signals (SCG) are chest wall vibrations induced by mechanical cardiac activities. This study investigated the morphological changes in the SCG signal due to respiration and exercise.

Methods: Fifteen healthy subjects were recruited, and SCG was acquired before and after exercise.

Identifying associations of water quality parameters using cluster analysis: A case study of Biscayne Bay, USA.

Correlation and cluster analysis protocols for analyzing multiple-parameter water-quality data sets are presented and demonstrated. A novel cluster analysis methodology is developed that identifies parameters that are either directly or indirectly correlated. Application of these analyses was demonstrated using multi-parameter water-quality measurements in Biscayne Bay and the primary drainage canals in South Florida.

Variation in brain aging: A review and perspective on the utility of individualized approaches to the study of functional networks in aging.

Healthy aging is associated with cognitive decline across multiple domains, including executive function, memory, and attention. These cognitive changes can often influence an individual's ability to function and quality of life. However, the degree to which individuals experience cognitive decline, as well as the trajectory of these changes, exhibits wide variability across people.

Pathology discovered in the "first patient" can be the silent teacher of self-directed learning.

Pathology found during cadaveric dissection has been used to model integrative teaching methods for medical students at several institutions. Recent evidence has shown that pathology found during dissection can be used in the design of self-directed learning (SDL) activities with standards that are difficult to meet. This study presents a novel method for providing formative feedback, one of the most challenging aspects for LCME accreditation of SDL activities.

PIK3CA mutation fortifies molecular determinants for immune signaling in vascular cancers.

Angiosarcomas are a group of vascular cancers that form malignant blood vessels. These malignancies are seemingly inflamed primarily due to their pathognomonic nature, which consists of irregular endothelium and tortuous blood channels. PIK3CA mutations are oncogenic and disrupt the PI3K pathway.

The potential of AB-free kava in enabling tobacco cessation via management of abstinence-related stress and insomnia: study protocol for a randomized clinical trial.

Background: As the primary cause of various preventable illnesses, smoking results in approximately five million premature deaths each year in the US and a multitude of adults living with serious illness. The majority of smokers know the health risks associated with smoking and intend to quit. However, quitting is very difficult partly because of insomnia and stress associated with it.

Expert-based physical activity guidelines for metabolic and bariatric surgery patients: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

Patients undergoing metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) can improve outcomes through a physically active lifestyle. Despite ongoing research, clinical recommendations for physical activity (PA) are not fully developed. For this review, 39 articles representing 24 randomized clinical trials satisfied inclusion criteria.