Fiber intake and fiber intervention in depression and anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies and randomized controlled trials.

Context: Dietary fibers hold potential to influence depressive and anxiety outcomes by modulating the microbiota-gut-brain axis, which is increasingly recognized as an underlying factor in mental health maintenance.

Objective: Evidence for the effects of fibers on depressive and anxiety outcomes remains unclear. To this end, a systematic literature review and a meta-analysis were conducted that included observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Drug-drug interactions involving classic psychedelics: A systematic review.

Classic psychedelics, including lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), psilocybin, mescaline, N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT), are potent psychoactive substances that have been studied for their physiological and psychological effects. However, our understanding of the potential interactions and outcomes when using these substances in combination with other drugs is limited. This systematic review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current research on drug-drug interactions between classic psychedelics and other drugs in humans.

Navigating the multiple dimensions of the creativity-mental disorder link: a Convergence Mental Health perspective.

Background: This paper discusses a paradox in mental health. It manifests as a relationship between adverse "bad" effects (suffering, clinical costs, loss of productivity) in individuals and populations and advantageous "good" aspects of mental disorders. These beneficial aspects (scientific, artistic and political accomplishments) emanate at the societal level through the frequently unprecedented creativity of people suffering from mental disorders and their relatives.

The Influence of Personality Disorder Symptoms on Treatment Outcomes in Bipolar Disorder: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomised Controlled Trial: L'influence des symptômes du trouble de la personnalité sur les résultats du traitement dans le trouble bipolaire : Une analyse secondaire d'un essai randomisé contrôlé.

Objectives: Many people who are diagnosed with bipolar disorder also have comorbid personality disorder. Few studies have explored how personality disorder may influence pharmacological treatment outcomes. The aim of this study was to conduct a secondary analysis of data from a clinical trial of adjunctive nutraceutical treatments for bipolar depression, to determine whether maladaptive personality traits influence treatment outcomes.

Metergoline Shares Properties with Atypical Antipsychotic Drugs Identified by Gene Expression Signature Screen.

Novel approaches are required to find new treatments for schizophrenia and other neuropsychiatric disorders. This study utilised a combination of in vitro transcriptomics and in silico analysis with the BROAD Institute's Connectivity Map to identify drugs that can be repurposed to treat psychiatric disorders. Human neuronal (NT2-N) cells were treated with a combination of atypical antipsychotic drugs commonly used to treat psychiatric disorders (such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder), and differential gene expression was analysed.

Generation of the iPSC line FINi002-A from a male Parkinson's disease patient carrying compound heterozygous mutations in the PRKN gene.

The most common cause of autosomal recessive familial Parkinson's disease (PD) are mutations in the PRKN/PARK2 gene encoding an E3 ubiquitin protein-ligase PARKIN. We report the generation of an iPSC cell line from the fibroblasts of a male PD patient carrying a common missense variant in exon 7 (p.Arg275Trp), and a 133 kb deletion encompassing exon 8, using transiently-present Sendai virus.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Bipolar Disorder: A Review.

Importance: Bipolar disorder affects approximately 8 million adults in the US and approximately 40 million individuals worldwide.

Observations: Bipolar disorder is characterized by recurrent episodes of depression and mania or hypomania. Bipolar depressive episodes are similar to major depressive episodes.

Life-Course Brain Health as a Determinant of Late-Life Mental Health: American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry Expert Panel Recommendations.

This position statement of the Expert Panel on Brain Health of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry (AAGP) emphasizes the critical role of life course brain health in shaping mental well-being during the later stages of life. Evidence posits that maintaining optimal brain health earlier in life is crucial for preventing and managing brain aging-related disorders such as dementia/cognitive decline, depression, stroke, and anxiety. We advocate for a holistic approach that integrates medical, psychological, and social frameworks with culturally tailored interventions across the lifespan to promote brain health and overall mental well-being in aging adults across all communities.

To what extent does white matter map to cognition in bipolar disorder? A systematic review of the evidence.

Cognitive impairment is a prominent feature of bipolar disorder (BD), however the neural substrates underpinning it remain unclear. Several studies have explored white matter as a correlate of cognitive functioning in BD cohorts, but mixed results and varied methodologies from one to another make inferences about this relationship difficult to draw. Here we sought to systematically synthesise the findings of these studies to more clearly explicate the nature and extent of relationships between white matter and cognition in BD and determine best practice methodologies and areas for future research in this area.

Common changes in rat cortical gene expression after valproate or lithium treatment particularly affect pre- and post-synaptic pathways that regulate four neurotransmitters systems.

Objectives: We have postulated that common changes in gene expression after treatment with different therapeutic classes of psychotropic drugs contribute to their common therapeutic mechanisms of action.

Methods: To test this hypothesis, we measured levels of cortical coding and non-coding RNA using GeneChip Rat Exon 1.0 ST Array after treatment with vehicle (chow only), chow containing 1.

Psychiatric sequelae after SARS-Cov-2 infection: trajectory, predictors and associations in a longitudinal Australian cohort.

A relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and psychiatric symptoms has been identified but is still being fully investigated. Neuropsychiatric sequalae have been reported for several infectious agents and are not unexpected for SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study follows for 12 months a sample ( = 144) of people who have had a confirmed infection of SARS-CoV-2.

Dyskinesia and impulsive compulsive behaviour in Parkinson's disease are not related: Insights from a study with a wearable sensor.

Introduction: Previous studies have suggested an association between Impulsive Compulsive Behaviour (ICB) and dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, none of these studies have employed an objective home-based measure of dyskinesia.

Objectives: To evaluate in advanced PD the relationship between ICB and dyskinesia, objectively measured with a wearable device.

Surf therapy for improving child and adolescent mental health: A pilot randomised control trial.

The aim of this pilot randomised control trial (RCT) was to test, 1) feasibility and acceptability of a surf therapy program to improve symptoms of mental ill-health among children and adolescents, and 2) the design and procedures of an evaluative study. This pilot RCT compared a 6-week mentor-supported surf therapy program with a wait list control group, in Australian children and adolescents aged 8-18yrs (M age = 11.28, SD = 2.

An innovative model of access and triage to reduce waiting in an outpatient epilepsy clinic: an intervention study.

Background: Delayed access to outpatient care may negatively impact on health outcomes. We aimed to evaluate implementation of the Specific Timely Appointments for Triage (STAT) model of access in an epilepsy clinic to reduce a long waitlist and waiting time.

Methods: This study is an intervention study using pre-post comparison and an interrupted time series analysis to measure the effect of implementation of the STAT model to an epilepsy clinic.

Generation of an iPSC line (FINi001-A) from a girl with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy due to a heterozygous gain-of-function p.R1882Q variant in the voltage-gated sodium channel Na1.2 protein encoded by the SCN2A gene.

A range of epilepsies, including the most severe group of developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs), are caused by gain-of-function variants in voltage-gated channels. Here we report the generation and characterisation of an iPSC cell line from the fibroblasts of a girl with early infantile DEE carrying heterozygous missense gain-of-function mutation (R1882Q) in Na1.2(SCN2A) protein, using transient transfection with a single mRNA molecule.

Distress, burden, and wellbeing in siblings of people with mental illness: a mixed studies systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Family members of people with mental illness (MI) may experience a host of psychological adversities such as increased stress, burden, and reduced wellbeing. However, relatively little is known about siblings. This study aimed to characterise the experience of distress (viz.

A Novel Method to Estimate Levels of Receptors Using an Allosteric Modulator: Focus on Muscarinic M1 Receptor.

This chapter outlines some of the general principles that need to be considered when developing a radioligand binding assay to measure the affinity and density of radioligand binding to a receptor in tissue or on cells. In addition it describes an innovative step forward in using radioligand binding assays to measure levels of muscarinic M1 receptors in human postmortem CNS, using both membrane binding and in situ radioligand binding. These examples show how, using receptor-specific allosteric modulators, it is possible to gain an estimate of the density of a single receptor using a radioligand that is not totally specific to the target site of interest.

The association between disability progression, relapses, and treatment in early relapse onset MS: an observational, multi-centre, longitudinal cohort study.

The indirect contribution of multiple sclerosis (MS) relapses to disability worsening outcomes, and vice-versa, remains unclear. Disease modifying therapies (DMTs) are potential modulators of this association. Understanding how these endo-phenotypes interact may provide insights into disease pathogenesis and treatment practice in relapse-onset MS (ROMS).

Patterns of pharmacotherapy for bipolar disorder: A GBC survey.

Objectives: To understand treatment practices for bipolar disorders (BD), this study leveraged the Global Bipolar Cohort collaborative network to investigate pharmacotherapeutic treatment patterns in multiple cohorts of well-characterized individuals with BD in North America, Europe, and Australia.

Methods: Data on pharmacotherapy, demographics, diagnostic subtypes, and comorbidities were provided from each participating cohort. Individual site and regional pooled proportional meta-analyses with generalized linear mixed methods were conducted to identify prescription patterns.

Meta-analysis of CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 metabolic activity on antidepressant response from 13 clinical studies using genotype imputation.

Cytochrome P450 enzymes including CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 are important for antidepressant metabolism and polymorphisms of these genes have been determined to predict metabolite levels. Nonetheless, more evidence is needed to understand the impact of genetic variations on antidepressant response. In this study, individual clinical and genetic data from 13 studies of European and East Asian ancestry populations were collected.