A rare presentation of malignant mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis managed with immunotherapy and review of the literature.

Key Clinical Message: We describe the first case in literature of malignant mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis that has shown partial response to systemic immunotherapy (ipilimumab-nivolumab) post orchiectomy, warranting further investigation in a trial setting.

Abstract: We present a case report of an 80-year-old ex-smoker with a rare diagnosis of metastatic mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis, managed with immunotherapy. The patient, with no known history of asbestos exposure, presented with a left scrotal mass and pain.

Drug-drug interactions that alter the exposure of glucuronidated drugs: Scope, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzyme selectivity, mechanisms (inhibition and induction), and clinical significance.

Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) arising from the perturbation of drug metabolising enzyme activities represent both a clinical problem and a potential economic loss for the pharmaceutical industry. DDIs involving glucuronidated drugs have historically attracted little attention and there is a perception that interactions are of minor clinical relevance. This review critically examines the scope and aetiology of DDIs that result in altered exposure of glucuronidated drugs.

Utilizing RE-AIM to scope potential for feasible immigrant cancer literacy education.

Disparities in cancer incidence and mortality exist between settled and newly-arrived immigrant communities in immigrant-nations, such as Australia, Canada and USA. This may be due to differences in the uptake of cancer prevention behaviours and services for early detection, and cultural, language or literacy barriers impacting understanding of mainstream health messages. Blending cancer-literacy with immigrant English language education presents a promising means to reach new immigrants attending language programs.

Cancer Survivor Preferences for Models of Breast Cancer Follow-Up Care: Selecting Attributes for Inclusion in a Discrete Choice Experiment.

Background And Objective: It is critical to evaluate cancer survivors' preferences when developing follow-up care models to better address the needs of cancer survivors. This study was conducted to understand the key attributes of breast cancer follow-up care for use in a future discrete choice experiment (DCE) survey.

Methods: Key attributes of breast cancer follow-up care models were generated using a multi-stage, mixed-methods approach.

Survival outcomes for patients with colorectal cancer with synchronous liver only metastasis.

Background: Colorectal cancer with synchronous liver-only metastasis is managed with a multimodal approach, however, optimal sequencing of modalities remains unclear.

Methods: A retrospective review of all consecutive rectal or colon cancer cases with synchronous liver-only metastasis was conducted from the South Australian Colorectal Cancer Registry from 2006 to 2021. This study aimed to investigate how order and type of treatment modality affects overall survival.

Elevated basal AMP-activated protein kinase activity sensitizes colorectal cancer cells to growth inhibition by metformin.

Expression and activity of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) 1 catalytic subunit of the heterotrimeric kinase significantly correlates with poor outcome for colorectal cancer patients. Hence there is considerable interest in uncovering signalling vulnerabilities arising from this oncogenic elevation of AMPK1 signalling. We have therefore attenuated mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) control of AMPK1 to generate a mutant colorectal cancer in which AMPK1 signalling is elevated because AMPK1 serine 347 cannot be phosphorylated by mTORC1.

Impairments among DSM-5 eating disorders: A systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis.

Previous research revealed that people who did not meet full DSM-IV criteria for anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), or binge-eating disorder (BED) but met criteria for eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS) display high levels of psychiatric and physical morbidity commensurate with full criteria eating disorders. The DSM-5 introduced significant changes to eating disorder diagnostic criteria, so the present study aimed to determine whether the revised diagnostic criteria better distinguish between full criteria eating disorders, and other specified feeding or eating disorder (OSFED) and unspecified feeding or eating disorder (UFED). We present a series of meta-analyses comparing eating pathology, general psychopathology, and physical health impairments among those with AN, BN, and BED, compared to those with OSFED or UFED (n = 69 eligible studies).

Childhood sleep health and epigenetic age acceleration in late adolescence: Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses.

Aim: Investigate if childhood measures of sleep health are associated with epigenetic age acceleration in late adolescence.

Methods: Parent-reported sleep trajectories from age 5 to 17, self-reported sleep problems at age 17, and six measures of epigenetic age acceleration at age 17 were studied in 1192 young Australians from the Raine Study Gen2.

Results: There was no evidence for a relationship between the parent-reported sleep trajectories and epigenetic age acceleration (p ≥ 0.

Artificial intelligence chatbots will revolutionize how cancer patients access information: ChatGPT represents a paradigm-shift.

On November 30, 2022, OpenAI enabled public access to ChatGPT, a next-generation artificial intelligence with a highly sophisticated ability to write, solve coding issues, and answer questions. This communication draws attention to the prospect that ChatGPT and its successors will become important virtual assistants to patients and health-care providers. In our assessments, ranging from answering basic fact-based questions to responding to complex clinical questions, ChatGPT demonstrated a remarkable ability to formulate interpretable responses, which appeared to minimize the likelihood of alarm compared with Google's feature snippet.

New horizons in managing older cancer survivors: complexities and opportunities.

Older adults represent a growing population amongst cancer survivors who require specific consideration given the complex and largely unknown interactions between cancer-related concerns and age-related conditions. The increasing use of geriatric assessment (GA) has enabled oncologists to appropriately assess older patients' overall health status, personalise anti-cancer treatment and improve survival. However, whilst current research and practice focus on improving the management of older adults with cancer in the acute setting, the progress in the field of survivorship research in geriatric oncology is lagging.

Current landscape of cancer survivorship research in Australia.

Aim: Response to the substantial and long-term impacts that a cancer diagnosis and treatment has on the growing population of cancer survivors, requires priority-driven, impactful research. This study aimed to map Australian cancer survivorship research activities to identify gaps and opportunities for improvement and compare activities against identified survivorship research priorities.

Methods: An online survey was completed by Australian researchers regarding their cancer survivorship research, and the barriers they identified to conducting such research.

Clinical Management of Financial Toxicity-Identifying Opportunities through Experiential Insights of Cancer Survivors, Caregivers, and Social Workers.

Perspectives of cancer survivors, caregivers, and social workers as key stakeholders on the clinical management of financial toxicity (FT) are critical to identify opportunities for better FT management. Semi-structured interviews (cancer survivors, caregivers) and a focus group (social workers) were undertaken using purposive sampling at a quaternary public hospital in Australia. People with any cancer diagnosis attending the hospital were eligible.

Patient attitudes towards changes in colorectal cancer surveillance: An application of the Health Belief Model.

Objective: This is to determine whether health beliefs regarding colorectal cancer (CRC) screening could predict discomfort with a change to CRC surveillance proposing regular faecal immunochemical tests (FIT) instead of colonoscopy.

Methods: Eight hundred individuals enrolled in a South Australian colonoscopy surveillance programme were invited to complete a survey on surveillance preferences. Responses were analysed using binary logistic regression predicting discomfort with a hypothetical FIT-based surveillance change.

Multidisciplinary preventive intervention for breast cancer-related lymphedema: An international consensus.

Objective: To establish a consensus regarding the multidisciplinary prevention of breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL), taking into account the expert opinion of professional groups from across the world involved in the identification and treatment of breast cancers.

Methods: International consensus study involving a modified nominal group and Delphi process. A total of 50 preventive strategies representing those used by a range of health disciplines involved in breast cancer care were identified by the nominal group.

Efficacy and Safety of NSAIDs in Infants: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature of the Past 20 Years.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used in infants, children, and adolescents worldwide; however, despite sufficient evidence of the beneficial effects of NSAIDs in children and adolescents, there is a lack of comprehensive data in infants. The present review summarizes the current knowledge on the safety and efficacy of various NSAIDs used in infants for which data are available, and includes ibuprofen, dexibuprofen, ketoprofen, flurbiprofen, naproxen, diclofenac, ketorolac, indomethacin, niflumic acid, meloxicam, celecoxib, parecoxib, rofecoxib, acetylsalicylic acid, and nimesulide. The efficacy of NSAIDs has been documented for a variety of conditions, such as fever and pain.

Pertuzumab study in the neoadjuvant setting for HER2-positive nonmetastatic breast cancer in Australia (PeRSIA).

The pertuzumab study in the neoadjuvant setting for HER2+ nonmetastatic breast cancer in Australia (PeRSIA-ML39622) is an analysis of safety and effectiveness data from the pertuzumab patient registry. Although the prognosis of patients with early stage HER2+ breast cancer has been greatly improved by advances in chemotherapy approximately 25% to 30% of patients develop recurrent disease. Our study aimed to examine the effectiveness of neoadjuvant pertuzumab on surgical outcomes, describe the medium-term effectiveness outcomes of patients treated with pertuzumab, and describe the planned and actual anticancer treatment regimens that patients received.

C-reactive protein provides superior prognostic accuracy than the IMDC risk model in renal cell carcinoma treated with Atezolizumab/Bevacizumab.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is the main treatment option for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC); however, significant heterogeneity in response is commonly observed. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of C-reactive protein (CRP) to predict overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with mRCC treated with immunotherapy.

Patients And Methods: Data from patients with mRCC treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab in the IMmotion150 and IMmotion151 trials were pooled.

Phase I Trial of nab-Paclitaxel Administered Concurrently With Radiotherapy in Patients With Locally Advanced Inoperable Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma.

Objectives: Nab-paclitaxel has radiosensitizing antitumor efficacy in pancreatic cancer. We aimed to establish maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of nab-paclitaxel with radiotherapy in unresectable locally advanced pancreatic cancer.

Methods: In a phase I dose escalation trial patients received weekly nab-paclitaxel for 6 weeks with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT).

Accuracy of blood-based biomarkers for screening precancerous colorectal lesions: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most diagnosed cancer and the second most common cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Most CRCs develop through either the adenoma-to-carcinoma or the serrated pathways, and, therefore, detection and removal of these precursor lesions can prevent the development of cancer. Current screening programmes can aid in the detection of CRC and adenomas; however, participation rates are suboptimal.

Evaluation of selective bone scan staging in prostate cancer - external validation of current strategies and decision-curve analysis.

Background: Recommendations for staging newly diagnosed prostate cancer patients vary between guidelines and literature.

Methods: Our objective was to validate and compare prediction models selecting newly diagnosed prostate cancer patients for bone scan staging. To achieve this, we validated eleven models in a population-based cohort of 10,721 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer between 2005 and 2019.